1 ;;; viet-util.el --- utilities for Vietnamese
3 ;; Copyright (C) 1995 Electrotechnical Laboratory, JAPAN.
4 ;; Licensed to the Free Software Foundation.
6 ;; Keywords: mule, multilingual, Vietnamese
8 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
10 ;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 ;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
15 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
20 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 ;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the
22 ;; Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
23 ;; Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
27 ;; Vietnamese uses ASCII characters and additional 134 unique
28 ;; characters (these are Latin alphabets with various diacritical and
29 ;; tone marks). As far as I know, Vietnamese now has 4 different ways
30 ;; for representing these characters: VISCII, VSCII, VIQR, and
31 ;; Unicode. VISCII and VSCII are simple 1-byte code which assigns 134
32 ;; unique characters in control-code area (0x00..0x1F) and right half
33 ;; area (0x80..0xFF). VIQR is a menmonic encoding specification
34 ;; representing diacritical marks by following ASCII characters.
39 (defun viet-encode-viscii-char (char)
40 "Return VISCII character code of CHAR if appropriate."
41 (aref (char-table-extra-slot viet-viscii-nonascii-translation-table 0)
45 (defun setup-vietnamese-environment ()
46 "Setup multilingual environment (MULE) for Vietnamese VISCII users."
48 (set-language-environment "Vietnamese"))
50 ;; VIQR is a menmonic encoding specification for Vietnamese.
51 ;; It represents diacritical marks by ASCII characters as follows:
52 ;; ------------+----------+--------
53 ;; mark | mnemonic | example
54 ;; ------------+----------+---------
55 ;; breve | ( | a( ->
\e,1e
\e(B
56 ;; circumflex | ^ | a^ ->
\e,1b
\e(B
57 ;; horn | + | o+ ->
\e,1=
\e(B
58 ;; ------------+----------+---------
59 ;; acute | ' | a' ->
\e,1a
\e(B
60 ;; grave | ` | a` ->
\e,1`
\e(B
61 ;; hook above | ? | a? ->
\e,1d
\e(B
62 ;; tilde | ~ | a~ ->
\e,1c
\e(B
63 ;; dot below | . | a. ->
\e,1U
\e(B
64 ;; ------------+----------+---------
65 ;; d bar | dd | dd ->
\e,1p
\e(B
66 ;; ------------+----------+---------
68 (defvar viet-viqr-alist
70 (?
\e,1!
\e(B . "a('") ; 161
71 (?
\e,1"
\e(B . "a(`") ; 162
72 (?
\e,1#
\e(B . "a(.") ; 163
73 (?
\e,1$
\e(B . "a^'") ; 164
74 (?
\e,1%
\e(B . "a^`") ; 165
75 (?
\e,1&
\e(B . "a^?") ; 166
76 (?
\e,1'
\e(B . "a^.") ; 167
77 (?
\e,1(
\e(B . "e~") ; 168
78 (?
\e,1)
\e(B . "e.") ; 169
79 (?
\e,1*
\e(B . "e^'") ; 170
80 (?
\e,1+
\e(B . "e^`") ; 171
81 (?
\e,1,
\e(B . "e^?") ; 172
82 (?
\e,1-
\e(B . "e^~") ; 173
83 (?
\e,1.
\e(B . "e^.") ; 174
84 (?
\e,1/
\e(B . "o^'") ; 175
85 (?
\e,10
\e(B . "o^`") ; 176
86 (?
\e,11
\e(B . "o^?") ; 177
87 (?
\e,12
\e(B . "o^~") ; 178
88 (?
\e,15
\e(B . "o^.") ; 181
89 (?
\e,16
\e(B . "o+`") ; 182
90 (?
\e,17
\e(B . "o+?") ; 183
91 (?
\e,18
\e(B . "i.") ; 184
92 (?
\e,1=
\e(B . "o+") ; 189
93 (?
\e,1>
\e(B . "o+'") ; 190
94 (?
\e,1F
\e(B . "a(?") ; 198
95 (?
\e,1G
\e(B . "a(~") ; 199
96 (?
\e,1O
\e(B . "y`") ; 207
97 (?
\e,1Q
\e(B . "u+'") ; 209
98 (?
\e,1U
\e(B . "a.") ; 213
99 (?
\e,1V
\e(B . "y?") ; 214
100 (?
\e,1W
\e(B . "u+`") ; 215
101 (?
\e,1X
\e(B . "u+?") ; 216
102 (?
\e,1[
\e(B . "y~") ; 219
103 (?
\e,1\
\e(B . "y.") ; 220
104 (?
\e,1^
\e(B . "o+~") ; 222
105 (?
\e,1_
\e(B . "u+") ; 223
106 (?
\e,1`
\e(B . "a`") ; 224
107 (?
\e,1a
\e(B . "a'") ; 225
108 (?
\e,1b
\e(B . "a^") ; 226
109 (?
\e,1c
\e(B . "a~") ; 227
110 (?
\e,1d
\e(B . "a?") ; 228
111 (?
\e,1e
\e(B . "a(") ; 229
112 (?
\e,1f
\e(B . "u+~") ; 230
113 (?
\e,1g
\e(B . "a^~") ; 231
114 (?
\e,1h
\e(B . "e`") ; 232
115 (?
\e,1i
\e(B . "e'") ; 233
116 (?
\e,1j
\e(B . "e^") ; 234
117 (?
\e,1k
\e(B . "e?") ; 235
118 (?
\e,1l
\e(B . "i`") ; 236
119 (?
\e,1m
\e(B . "i'") ; 237
120 (?
\e,1n
\e(B . "i~") ; 238
121 (?
\e,1o
\e(B . "i?") ; 239
122 (?
\e,1p
\e(B . "dd") ; 240
123 (?
\e,1q
\e(B . "u+.") ; 241
124 (?
\e,1r
\e(B . "o`") ; 242
125 (?
\e,1s
\e(B . "o'") ; 243
126 (?
\e,1t
\e(B . "o^") ; 244
127 (?
\e,1u
\e(B . "o~") ; 245
128 (?
\e,1v
\e(B . "o?") ; 246
129 (?
\e,1w
\e(B . "o.") ; 247
130 (?
\e,1x
\e(B . "u.") ; 248
131 (?
\e,1y
\e(B . "u`") ; 249
132 (?
\e,1z
\e(B . "u'") ; 250
133 (?
\e,1{
\e(B . "u~") ; 251
134 (?
\e,1|
\e(B . "u?") ; 252
135 (?
\e,1}
\e(B . "y'") ; 253
136 (?
\e,1~
\e(B . "o+.") ; 254
139 (?
\e,2!
\e(B . "A('") ; 161
140 (?
\e,2"
\e(B . "A(`") ; 162
141 (?
\e,2#
\e(B . "A(.") ; 163
142 (?
\e,2$
\e(B . "A^'") ; 164
143 (?
\e,2%
\e(B . "A^`") ; 165
144 (?
\e,2&
\e(B . "A^?") ; 166
145 (?
\e,2'
\e(B . "A^.") ; 167
146 (?
\e,2(
\e(B . "E~") ; 168
147 (?
\e,2)
\e(B . "E.") ; 169
148 (?
\e,2*
\e(B . "E^'") ; 170
149 (?
\e,2+
\e(B . "E^`") ; 171
150 (?
\e,2,
\e(B . "E^?") ; 172
151 (?
\e,2-
\e(B . "E^~") ; 173
152 (?
\e,2.
\e(B . "E^.") ; 174
153 (?
\e,2/
\e(B . "O^'") ; 175
154 (?
\e,20
\e(B . "O^`") ; 176
155 (?
\e,21
\e(B . "O^?") ; 177
156 (?
\e,22
\e(B . "O^~") ; 178
157 (?
\e,25
\e(B . "O^.") ; 181
158 (?
\e,26
\e(B . "O+`") ; 182
159 (?
\e,27
\e(B . "O+?") ; 183
160 (?
\e,28
\e(B . "I.") ; 184
161 (?
\e,2=
\e(B . "O+") ; 189
162 (?
\e,2>
\e(B . "O+'") ; 190
163 (?
\e,2F
\e(B . "A(?") ; 198
164 (?
\e,2G
\e(B . "A(~") ; 199
165 (?
\e,2O
\e(B . "Y`") ; 207
166 (?
\e,2Q
\e(B . "U+'") ; 209
167 (?
\e,2U
\e(B . "A.") ; 213
168 (?
\e,2V
\e(B . "Y?") ; 214
169 (?
\e,2W
\e(B . "U+`") ; 215
170 (?
\e,2X
\e(B . "U+?") ; 216
171 (?
\e,2[
\e(B . "Y~") ; 219
172 (?
\e,2\
\e(B . "Y.") ; 220
173 (?
\e,2^
\e(B . "O+~") ; 222
174 (?
\e,2_
\e(B . "U+") ; 223
175 (?
\e,2`
\e(B . "A`") ; 224
176 (?
\e,2a
\e(B . "A'") ; 225
177 (?
\e,2b
\e(B . "A^") ; 226
178 (?
\e,2c
\e(B . "A~") ; 227
179 (?
\e,2d
\e(B . "A?") ; 228
180 (?
\e,2e
\e(B . "A(") ; 229
181 (?
\e,2f
\e(B . "U+~") ; 230
182 (?
\e,2g
\e(B . "A^~") ; 231
183 (?
\e,2h
\e(B . "E`") ; 232
184 (?
\e,2i
\e(B . "E'") ; 233
185 (?
\e,2j
\e(B . "E^") ; 234
186 (?
\e,2k
\e(B . "E?") ; 235
187 (?
\e,2l
\e(B . "I`") ; 236
188 (?
\e,2m
\e(B . "I'") ; 237
189 (?
\e,2n
\e(B . "I~") ; 238
190 (?
\e,2o
\e(B . "I?") ; 239
191 (?
\e,2p
\e(B . "DD") ; 240
192 (?
\e,2p
\e(B . "dD") ; 240
193 (?
\e,2p
\e(B . "Dd") ; 240
194 (?
\e,2q
\e(B . "U+.") ; 241
195 (?
\e,2r
\e(B . "O`") ; 242
196 (?
\e,2s
\e(B . "O'") ; 243
197 (?
\e,2t
\e(B . "O^") ; 244
198 (?
\e,2u
\e(B . "O~") ; 245
199 (?
\e,2v
\e(B . "O?") ; 246
200 (?
\e,2w
\e(B . "O.") ; 247
201 (?
\e,2x
\e(B . "U.") ; 248
202 (?
\e,2y
\e(B . "U`") ; 249
203 (?
\e,2z
\e(B . "U'") ; 250
204 (?
\e,2{
\e(B . "U~") ; 251
205 (?
\e,2|
\e(B . "U?") ; 252
206 (?
\e,2}
\e(B . "Y'") ; 253
207 (?
\e,2~
\e(B . "O+.") ; 254
209 ;; escape from composition
210 (?\( . "\\(") ; breve (left parenthesis)
211 (?^ . "\\^") ; circumflex (caret)
212 (?+ . "\\+") ; horn (plus sign)
213 (?' . "\\'") ; acute (apostrophe)
214 (?` . "\\`") ; grave (backquote)
215 (?? . "\\?") ; hook above (question mark)
216 (?~ . "\\~") ; tilde (tilde)
217 (?. . "\\.") ; dot below (period)
218 (?d . "\\d") ; d-bar (d)
219 (?\\ . "\\\\") ; literal backslash
221 "Alist of Vietnamese characters vs corresponding `VIQR' string.")
223 ;; Regular expression matching single Vietnamese character represented
225 (defconst viqr-regexp
226 "[aeiouyAEIOUY]\\([(^+]?['`?~.]\\|[(^+]\\)\\|[Dd][Dd]")
229 (defun viet-decode-viqr-region (from to)
230 "Convert `VIQR' mnemonics of the current region to Vietnamese characters.
231 When called from a program, expects two arguments,
232 positions (integers or markers) specifying the stretch of the region."
235 (narrow-to-region from to)
236 (goto-char (point-min))
237 (while (re-search-forward viqr-regexp nil t)
238 (let* ((viqr (buffer-substring (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0)))
239 (ch (car (rassoc viqr viet-viqr-alist))))
242 (delete-region (match-beginning 0) (match-end 0))
246 (defun viet-decode-viqr-buffer ()
247 "Convert `VIQR' mnemonics of the current buffer to Vietnamese characters."
249 (viet-decode-viqr-region (point-min) (point-max)))
252 (defun viet-encode-viqr-region (from to)
253 "Convert Vietnamese characters of the current region to `VIQR' mnemonics.
254 When called from a program, expects two arguments,
255 positions (integers or markers) specifying the stretch of the region."
258 (narrow-to-region from to)
259 (goto-char (point-min))
260 (while (re-search-forward "\\cv" nil t)
261 (let* ((ch (preceding-char))
262 (viqr (cdr (assq ch viet-viqr-alist))))
269 (defun viet-encode-viqr-buffer ()
270 "Convert Vietnamese characters of the current buffer to `VIQR' mnemonics."
272 (viet-encode-viqr-region (point-min) (point-max)))
275 (defun viqr-post-read-conversion (len)
278 (narrow-to-region (point) (+ (point) len))
279 (let ((buffer-modified-p (buffer-modified-p)))
280 (viet-decode-viqr-region (point-min) (point-max))
281 (set-buffer-modified-p buffer-modified-p)
282 (- (point-max) (point-min))))))
285 (defun viqr-pre-write-conversion (from to)
286 (let ((old-buf (current-buffer)))
287 (set-buffer (generate-new-buffer " *temp*"))
290 (insert-buffer-substring old-buf from to))
291 (viet-encode-viqr-region (point-min) (point-max))
292 ;; Should return nil as annotations.
298 ;;; viet-util.el ends here