X-Git-Url: http://cgit.sxemacs.org/?p=gnus;a=blobdiff_plain;f=texi%2Fgnus-faq.texi;h=76d1a5275e5bc0def5798fccf5005970540b6bd1;hp=15276f4f5cc4f0caab6efa9079a8b5a537bd70e4;hb=d588ae3db11ee057d2fc3dfa5364dcfe3f84e368;hpb=0d9458cf67688c0de827cd3792dc5cdcb9f075e1 diff --git a/texi/gnus-faq.texi b/texi/gnus-faq.texi index 15276f4f5..76d1a5275 100644 --- a/texi/gnus-faq.texi +++ b/texi/gnus-faq.texi @@ -1,210 +1,193 @@ -@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone. -@c -*-texinfo-*- -@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -@setfilename gnus-faq.info - -@c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top +@c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- +@c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone. +@c %**start of header +@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@c +@c @setfilename gnus-faq.info +@c @settitle Frequently Asked Questions +@c @include docstyle.texi +@c %**end of header +@c @node Frequently Asked Questions -@comment node-name, next, previous, up - -@c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions @section Frequently Asked Questions -@cindex FAQ -@cindex Frequently Asked Questions - -@c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section -@c - run (texinfo-every-node-update) -@c - revert it. @menu -* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ. -* FAQ 1 - Installation:: Installation of Gnus. -* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the first - buffer Gnus shows you. -* FAQ 3 - Getting messages:: Making Gnus read your mail and news. -* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read messages. -* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet postings. -* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, searching - and deleting messages. -* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline. -* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough. -* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster. -* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ explained. +* FAQ - Changes:: +* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ. +* FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus. +* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the + first buffer Gnus shows you. +* FAQ 3 - Getting Messages:: Making Gnus read your mail + and news. +* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read + messages. +* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet + postings. +* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, + searching and deleting messages. +* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while + offline. +* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough. +* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster. +* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ + explained. @end menu - @subheading Abstract - This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. If you have a -Web browser, the official hypertext version is at -@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from -@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}. - - - Please submit features and suggestions to the - @email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}. - The list is protected against junk mail with - @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm, qconfirm}. As - a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can - also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to - @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org} - and - @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse - the archive, browse the archive}. - -@node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions, Frequently Asked Questions -@comment node-name, next, previous, up -@heading Introduction +This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. + +Please submit features and suggestions to the +@email{ding@@gnus.org, ding list}. + +@node FAQ - Changes +@subsection Changes + + + +@itemize @bullet + +@item +2008-06-15: Adjust for message-fill-column. Add x-face-file. +Clarify difference between ding and gnu.emacs.gnus. Remove +reference to discontinued service. + +@item +2006-04-15: Added tip on how to delete sent buffer on exit. +@end itemize + +@node FAQ - Introduction +@subsection Introduction This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented - as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade - now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of - that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The - original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA. - When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and - decided to rewrite Gnus. - - Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely - customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but - most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take - advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail - (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read - high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read - high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you - want. - - This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He - would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful - job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks, - Justin! - - - If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:@* - @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}. - This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext - versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio - State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below - if you want information on obtaining it in another format. - - - The information contained here was compiled with the assistance - of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or - misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry. - - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ - Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex -@subsection Installation +as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade +now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of +that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The +original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA@. +When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and +decided to rewrite Gnus. + +Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely +customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but +most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take +advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail +(you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read +high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read +high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you +want. + +This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He +would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful +job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same: thanks, +Justin! + +This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext +versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio +State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below +if you want information on obtaining it in another format. + +The information contained here was compiled with the assistance +of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or +misprints are the Gnus team's fault, sorry. + +@node FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ +@subsection Installation FAQ @menu -* [1.1]:: What is the latest version of Gnus? -* [1.2]:: What's new in 5.10.0? -* [1.3]:: Where and how to get Gnus? -* [1.4]:: What to do with the tarball now? -* [1.5]:: Which version of Emacs do I need? -* [1.6]:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? +* FAQ 1-1:: What is the latest version of Gnus? +* FAQ 1-2:: What's new in 5.10? +* FAQ 1-3:: Where and how to get Gnus? +* FAQ 1-4:: What to do with the tarball now? +* FAQ 1-5:: I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus, + what are those? +* FAQ 1-6:: Which version of Emacs do I need? +* FAQ 1-7:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? @end menu - -@ifnottex -@node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.1: +@node FAQ 1-1 +@subsubheading Question 1.1 What is the latest version of Gnus? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Jingle please: Gnus 5.10.0 is released, get it while it's - hot! As well as the step in version number is rather - small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you - shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might - prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are - basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out. - -@ifnottex -@node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.2: +Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's +hot! As well as the step in version number is rather +small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you +shouldn't miss. The current release (5.13) should be at +least as stable as the latest release of the 5.8 series. -What's new in 5.10.0? +@node FAQ 1-2 +@subsubheading Question 1.2 -Answer: +What's new in 5.10? - First of all, you should have a look into the file - GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball, - there the most important changes are listed. Here's a - short list of the changes I find especially - important/interesting: - +@subsubheading Answer - +First of all, you should have a look into the file +GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball, +there the most important changes are listed. Here's a +short list of the changes I find especially +important/interesting: -@itemize @bullet{} +@itemize @bullet @item - Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now - active by default. - +Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now +active by default. + @item - Many new article washing functions for dealing with - ugly formatted articles. - +Many new article washing functions for dealing with +ugly formatted articles. + @item - Anti Spam features. - +Anti Spam features. + @item - message-utils now included in Gnus. - +Message-utils now included in Gnus. + @item - New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for - a complex trn-style thread tree. - +New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g., %B for +a complex trn-style thread tree. @end itemize - -@ifnottex -@node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.3: + +@node FAQ 1-3 +@subsubheading Question 1.3 Where and how to get Gnus? -Answer: - - The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in - Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the - package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the - Gnus tarball from - @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz} - or via anonymous FTP from - @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}. - -@ifnottex -@node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.4: - - What to do with the tarball now? - - -Answer: - - Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common - @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle. - (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from - @uref{http://www.cygwin.com} - which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the - tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from - @uref{http://www.winace.com}) - and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install - Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus - system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the - following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs: - +@subsubheading Answer + +Gnus is released independent from releases of Emacs and XEmacs. +Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs's +package system might not be up to date (e.g., Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs +21 is outdated). +You can get the latest released version of Gnus from +@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz} +or via anonymous FTP from +@uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}. + +@node FAQ 1-4 +@subsubheading Question 1.4 + +What to do with the tarball now? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common +@samp{./configure; make; make install} circle. +(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from +@uref{http://www.cygwin.com} +which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the +tarball with some packer (e.g., Winace from +@uref{http://www.winace.com}) +and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install +Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus +system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the +following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs: @example (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp") @@ -212,436 +195,393 @@ Answer: (add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/") (add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")) @end example - @noindent - Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff - before this line, on MS Windows use something like - "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/"). - -@ifnottex -@node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.5: + +Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff +before this line, on MS Windows use something like +"C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/"). + +@node FAQ 1-5 +@subsubheading Question 1.5 + +I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus, +what are those? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Oort Gnus was the name of the development version of +Gnus, which became Gnus 5.10 in autumn 2003. No Gnus is +the name of the current development version which will +once become Gnus 5.12 or Gnus 6. (If you're wondering why +not 5.11, the odd version numbers are normally used for +the Gnus versions bundled with Emacs) + +@node FAQ 1-6 +@subsubheading Question 1.6 Which version of Emacs do I need? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Gnus 5.10.0 requires an Emacs version that is greater - than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1. - -@ifnottex -@node [1.6], , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 1.6: +Gnus 5.13 requires an Emacs version that is greater than or equal +to Emacs 23.1 or XEmacs 21.1, although there are some features that +only work on Emacs 24. + +@node FAQ 1-7 +@subsubheading Question 1.7 How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer + +You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp +files are byte-compiled to a format which is different +depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy +of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs. - You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp - files are byte-compiled to a format which is different - depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy - of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs. - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer @subsection Startup / Group buffer @menu -* [2.1]:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message - "Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?", - what does this mean and how to prevent it? -* [2.2]:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's this? -* [2.3]:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? -* [2.4]:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my - groups into categories so I can easier browse through them? -* [2.5]:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the - groups in a topic? +* FAQ 2-1:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save + file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and + how to prevent it? +* FAQ 2-2:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, + what's this? +* FAQ 2-3:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? +* FAQ 2-4:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to + sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through + them? +* FAQ 2-5:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to + sort the groups in a topic? @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 2.1: +@node FAQ 2-1 +@subsubheading Question 2.1 - Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save - file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean - and how to prevent it? - +Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save +file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean +and how to prevent it? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it - wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its - informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you - are now asked if you want to restore those informations - from the auto-save file. - +This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it +wasn't properly exited and therefore couldn't write its +information to disk (e.g., which messages you read), you +are now asked if you want to restore that information +from the auto-save file. - To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus - via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of - just killing Emacs. - -@ifnottex -@node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question: 2.2 +To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus +via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of +just killing Emacs. - Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, - what's this? - +@node FAQ 2-2 +@subsubheading Question 2.2 -Answer: +Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, +what's this? - You get the message described in the q/a pair above while - starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same - problem, so read the answer above. - -@ifnottex -@node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 2.3: +@subsubheading Answer - How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? - +You get the message described in the q/a pair above while +starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same +problem, so read the answer above. -Answer: +@node FAQ 2-3 +@subsubheading Question 2.3 - You've got to tweak the value of the variable - gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line - Specification" for information on how to do this. An - example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)): - +How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer? -@example +@subsubheading Answer +You've got to tweak the value of the variable +gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line +Specification" for information on how to do this. An +example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)): + +@example (setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n") - -@end example - -@ifnottex -@node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 2.4: - - My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to - sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse - through them? - - -Answer: - - Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your - groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with - Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under - the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under - the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music. - - - To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now - you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic - at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to - a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the - menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the - beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have - the groups nicely indented. - -@ifnottex -@node [2.5], , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 2.5: - - How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to - sort the groups in a topic? - - -Answer: - - Move point over the group you want to move and - hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the - place where you want the group to be and - hit @samp{C-y}. - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex -@subsection Getting messages +@end example +@noindent + +@node FAQ 2-4 +@subsubheading Question 2.4 + +My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to +sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse +through them? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your +groups in, well, topics, e.g., all groups dealing with +Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under +the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under +the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music. + +To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now +you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic +at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to +a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the +menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the +beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have +the groups nicely indented. + +@node FAQ 2-5 +@subsubheading Question 2.5 + +How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to +sort the groups in a topic? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Move point over the group you want to move and +hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the +place where you want the group to be and +hit @samp{C-y}. + +@node FAQ 3 - Getting Messages +@subsection Getting Messages @menu -* [3.1]:: I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says - "nntp (news) open error", what to do? -* [3.2]:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means. -* [3.3]:: My news server requires authentication, how to store user name - and password on disk? -* [3.4]:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to - subscribe to a group. -* [3.5]:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to - post on this server as well as I am, what's that? -* [3.6]:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? -* [3.7]:: And how about local spool files? -* [3.8]:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail - with Gnus, too. How to do it? -* [3.9]:: And what about IMAP? -* [3.10]:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, - can I use Gnus to read my mail from it? -* [3.11]:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server - it retrieves via POP3? +* FAQ 3-1:: I just installed Gnus, started it via @samp{M-x gnus} + but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? +* FAQ 3-2:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what + ~/.gnus.el means. +* FAQ 3-3:: My news server requires authentication, how to store + user name and password on disk? +* FAQ 3-4:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to + subscribe to a group. +* FAQ 3-5:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed + to post on this server as well as I am, what's that? +* FAQ 3-6:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this + possible? +* FAQ 3-7:: And how about local spool files? +* FAQ 3-8:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to + read my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it? +* FAQ 3-9:: And what about IMAP? +* FAQ 3-10:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, + can I use Gnus to read my mail from it? +* FAQ 3-11:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it + retrieves via POP3? @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.1: +@node FAQ 3-1 +@subsubheading Question 3.1 - I just installed Gnus, started it via - @samp{M-x gnus} - but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? - +I just installed Gnus, started it via +@samp{M-x gnus} +but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read - the documentation for information on how to do this. As a - first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus: - +You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read +the documentation for information on how to do this. As a +first start, put those lines in @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net")) (setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net") (setq user-full-name "Your Name") @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.2: - - I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means. - - -Answer: +@noindent - The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the -configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this -means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type -@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on -Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most -likely be new, and thus empty.) However, I'd discourage you from -doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be -what you want, so let's do it the correct way. The first thing you've -got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory -name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment -variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include -the line - +@node FAQ 3-2 +@subsubheading Question 3.2 + +I'm working under Windows and have no idea what @file{~/.gnus.el} means. + +@subsubheading Answer + +The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look +for the configuration files. However, you don't really +need to know what this means, it suffices that Emacs knows +what it means :-) You can type +@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET } +(yes, with the forward slash, even on Windows), and +Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most +likely be new, and thus empty.) +However, I'd discourage you from doing so, since the +directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be what +you want, so let's do it the correct way. +The first thing you've got to do is to +create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name +please), e.g., c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment +variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Windows 9x +or Me include the line @example - SET HOME=C:\myhome - @end example - @noindent - in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, - hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it - doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll - find the possibility to set environment variables, create - a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is - not necessary. - - Now to create ~/.gnus, say - @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}. - in Emacs. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.3: +in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, hit +Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it doesn't work, go +to Control Panel -> System -> Advanced). There you'll find the +possibility to set environment variables. Create a new one with +name HOME and value C:\myhome. Rebooting is not necessary. + +Now to create @file{~/.gnus.el}, say +@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET C-x C-s}. +in Emacs. - My news server requires authentication, how to store - user name and password on disk? - +@node FAQ 3-3 +@subsubheading Question 3.3 -Answer: +My news server requires authentication, how to store +user name and password on disk? - Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this - +@subsubheading Answer + +Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this @example machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword @end example - @noindent . - Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you - work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix - say - +Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you +work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix +say @example chmod 600 ~/.authinfo @end example - @noindent - in a shell.) - -@ifnottex -@node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.4: - Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to - subscribe to a group. - +in a shell.) + +@node FAQ 3-4 +@subsubheading Question 3.4 + +Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to +subscribe to a group. + +@subsubheading Answer -Answer: +If you know the name of the group say @samp{U +name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the +tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer, +this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the +cursor) over the server which carries the group you want, +hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group +you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u} +to subscribe to it. - If you know the name of the group say @samp{U - name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the - tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer, - this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the - cursor) over the server which carries the group you want, - hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group - you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u} - to subscribe to it. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.5: +@node FAQ 3-5 +@subsubheading Question 3.5 - Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to - post on this server as well as I am, what's that? - +Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to +post on this server as well as I am, what's that? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full - access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo - to those servers append - +Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full +access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo +to those servers append @example force yes @end example - - @noindent - to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.6: - I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? - +to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo. + +@node FAQ 3-6 +@subsubheading Question 3.6 + +I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the - variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like - this in ~/.gnus: - +Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the +variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like +this in @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example -(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods +(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net")) -(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods - '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net")) +(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods + '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net")) @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.7: +@noindent + +@node FAQ 3-7 +@subsubheading Question 3.7 - And how about local spool files? - +And how about local spool files? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - No problem, this is just one more select method called - nnspool, so you want this: - +No problem, this is just one more select method called +nnspool, so you want this: @example (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool "")) @end example - @noindent - Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source: - + +Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source: @example (setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool "")) @end example - @noindent - Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you - want something different, change the line above to something like this: - + +Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you +want something different, change the line above to something like this: @example (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods - '(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir"))) -@end example - -@noindent - This sets the spool directory for this server only. - You might have to specify more stuff like the program used - to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.8: - - OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail - with Gnus, too. How to do it? - - -Answer: - - That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources - for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many - different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are - these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and - send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like - fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from - where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by - Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even - need a combination of the above cases. - - - However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way - it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end - to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most - commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file - and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one - file per group approach if your file system has problems with - many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the - choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus: - + '(nnspool "" + (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir"))) +@end example +@noindent + +This sets the spool directory for this server only. +You might have to specify more stuff like the program used +to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this. + +@node FAQ 3-8 +@subsubheading Question 3.8 + +OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail +with Gnus, too. How to do it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources +for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many +different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are +these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and +send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like +fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from +where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by +Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA@. Sometimes, you even +need a combination of the above cases. + +However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way +it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end +to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most +commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file +and is therefore quite fast. However you might prefer a one +file per group approach if your file system has problems with +many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the +choice for you. To use nnml add the following to @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml "")) @end example - @noindent - As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's - + +As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's @example (add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder "")) @end example - +@noindent - Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If - it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this: - +Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get its mail from. If +it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this: @example (eval-after-load "mail-source" @@ -649,75 +589,68 @@ Answer: :user "yourUserName" :password "yourPassword"))) @end example - @noindent - Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store - your password there. If you want to read your mail from a - traditional spool file on your local machine, it's - + +Make sure @file{~/.gnus.el} isn't readable to others if you store +your password there. If you want to read your mail from a +traditional spool file on your local machine, it's @example (eval-after-load "mail-source" - '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file"))) + '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file")) @end example - @noindent - If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by - postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's - + +If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by +postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's @example (eval-after-load "mail-source" '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/" :subdirs ("cur" "new"))) @end example - @noindent - And finally if you want to read your mail from several files - in one directory, for example because procmail already split your - mail, it's - + +And finally if you want to read your mail from several files +in one directory, for example because procmail already split your +mail, it's @example (eval-after-load "mail-source" - '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/" - :suffix ".prcml")) + '(add-to-list 'mail-sources + '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/" + :suffix ".prcml"))) @end example - @noindent - Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the - suffix .prcml. - - OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you - want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing - the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do - anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an - SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus - +Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the +suffix .prcml. + +OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you +want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing +the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do +anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an +SMTP Server you need the following in your @file{~/.gnus.el} @example (setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) (setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it) (setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net") @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.9: +@noindent + +@node FAQ 3-9 +@subsubheading Question 3.9 - And what about IMAP? - +And what about IMAP? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is - to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from - the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do - this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to - ~/.gnus - +There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is +to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from +the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do +this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to +@file{~/.gnus.el} @example (add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com" @@ -728,546 +661,449 @@ Answer: :mailbox "INBOX" :fetchflag "\\Seen")) @end example +@noindent + +You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or +authentication, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source +Specifiers" for possible values. + +If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to +follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap +back end to your select method and give the information +about the server there. +@example +(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods + '(nnimap "Give the baby a name" + (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net") + (nnimap-port 143) + (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*"))) +@end example @noindent - You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or - authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source - Specifiers" for possible values. - - - If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to - follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap - back end to your select method and give the information - about the server there. - - -@example -(add-to-list - 'gnus-secondary-select-methods - '(nnimap "Give the baby a name" - (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net") - (nnimap-port 143) - (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*"))) -@end example - -@noindent - Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the - server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual - Node "IMAP" for detailed information. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.10: - - At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use - Gnus to read my mail from it? - - -Answer: - - Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for - activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions - above. - -@ifnottex -@node [3.11], , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 3.11: - - Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it - retrieves via POP3? - - -Answer: - - First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work, - if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP - Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the - server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you - need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined - functionality to do so. - - - However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to - achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external - program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them - on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you - could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use - Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server. - - - The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus - uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable - of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get - the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el, - look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell - Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For - GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same - (If you know the home of this file, please send me an - e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program - (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node - "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do - it. - - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex + +Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the +server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual +Node "IMAP" for detailed information. + +@node FAQ 3-10 +@subsubheading Question 3.10 + +At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use +Gnus to read my mail from it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for +activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions +above. + +@node FAQ 3-11 +@subsubheading Question 3.11 + +Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it +retrieves via POP3? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Yes, if the POP3 server supports the UIDL control (maybe almost servers +do it nowadays). To do that, add a @code{:leave VALUE} pair to each +POP3 mail source. See @pxref{Mail Source Specifiers} for VALUE. + +@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages @subsection Reading messages @menu -* [4.1]:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. - How to view them again? -* [4.2]:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time - I enter a group, even when it's read? -* [4.3]:: How to view the headers of a message? -* [4.4]:: How to view the raw unformatted message? -* [4.5]:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the - top of the article buffer? -* [4.6]:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the - text part if it's available. How to do it? -* [4.7]:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails? -* [4.8]:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails - more readable? -* [4.9]:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors - or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more - interesting ones in some way? -* [4.10]:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set - other variables specific for some groups? -* [4.11]:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those? -* [4.12]:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in - group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups. - Is this a bug? -* [4.13]:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, - how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? -* [4.14]:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? -* [4.15]:: How to split incoming mails in several groups? +* FAQ 4-1:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to + view them again? +* FAQ 4-2:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time + I enter a group, even when it's read? +* FAQ 4-3:: How to view the headers of a message? +* FAQ 4-4:: How to view the raw unformatted message? +* FAQ 4-5:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at + the top of the article buffer? +* FAQ 4-6:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the + text part if it's available. How to do it? +* FAQ 4-7:: Can I use some other browser than shr to render my + HTML-mails? +* FAQ 4-8:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted + mails more readable? +* FAQ 4-9:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific + authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I + highlight more interesting ones in some way? +* FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, + or set other variables specific for some groups? +* FAQ 4-11:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to + those? +* FAQ 4-12:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus + displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail + groups. Is this a bug? +* FAQ 4-13:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, + how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? +* FAQ 4-14:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to + tweak it? +* FAQ 4-15:: How to split incoming mails in several groups? +* FAQ 4-16:: How can I ensure more contrast when viewing HTML mail? @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.1: +@node FAQ 4-1 +@subsubheading Question 4.1 - When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again? - +When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - If you enter the group by saying - @samp{RET} - in summary buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say - @samp{C-u RET} - instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say - @samp{C-u 300 RET} - +If you enter the group by saying +@samp{RET} +in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say +@samp{C-u RET} +instead to load all available messages. If you want only the 300 newest say +@samp{C-u 300 RET} - Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say - +Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say @example (setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some) @end example - - -@noindent - in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load - all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is - fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group). - - - If you already use Gnus 5.10.0, you can say - @samp{/o N} - In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8 - - - If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading, - you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread - the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.2: - - How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I - enter a group, even when it's read? - - -Answer: - - You can tick important messages. To do this hit - @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer - over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit - either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick - mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c} - (which deletes all marks for the message). - -@ifnottex -@node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.3: - - How to view the headers of a message? - - -Answer: - - Say @samp{t} - to show all headers, one more - @samp{t} - hides them again. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.4: - - How to view the raw unformatted message? - - -Answer: - - Say - @samp{C-u g} - to show the raw message - @samp{g} - returns to normal view. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.5: - - How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at - the top of the article buffer? - - -Answer: - - The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers - are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines - which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject, - date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA - say this in ~/.gnus: - -@example -(setq gnus-visible-headers - "^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\ -\\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)") -@end example - -@ifnottex -@node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.6: - - I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the - text part if it's available. How to do it? - - -Answer: - - Say - +@noindent + +in @file{~/.gnus.el} to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with @code{t} to load +all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is +fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group). + +If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say +@samp{/o N} +In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8 + +If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading, +you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread +the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend. + +@node FAQ 4-2 +@subsubheading Question 4.2 + +How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I +enter a group, even when it's read? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You can tick important messages. To do this hit +@samp{u} while point is in summary buffer +over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit +either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick +mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c} +(which deletes all marks for the message). + +@node FAQ 4-3 +@subsubheading Question 4.3 + +How to view the headers of a message? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Say @samp{t} +to show all headers, one more +@samp{t} +hides them again. + +@node FAQ 4-4 +@subsubheading Question 4.4 + +How to view the raw unformatted message? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Say +@samp{C-u g} +to show the raw message +@samp{g} +returns to normal view. + +@node FAQ 4-5 +@subsubheading Question 4.5 + +How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at +the top of the article buffer? + +@subsubheading Answer + +The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers +are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines +which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject, +date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA +say this in @file{~/.gnus.el}: + +@example +(setq gnus-visible-headers + '("^From" "^Subject" "^Date" "^Newsgroups" "^Followup-To" + "^User-Agent" "^X-Newsreader" "^X-Mailer")) +@end example +@noindent + +@node FAQ 4-6 +@subsubheading Question 4.6 + +I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the +text part if it's available. How to do it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Say @example (eval-after-load "mm-decode" - '(progn + '(progn (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html") (add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext"))) @end example - @noindent - in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add - + +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add @example (setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display)) @end example - @noindent - too. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.7: - Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails? - +too. + +@node FAQ 4-7 +@subsubheading Question 4.7 -Answer: +Can I use some other browser than w3m to render my HTML-mails? - Only if you use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger. In this case you've got the - choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which - one is used can be specified in the variable - mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your - mail say - +@subsubheading Answer + +Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the +choice between shr, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which +one is used can be specified in the variable +mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your +mail say @example (setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links) @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.8: - - Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails - more readable? - - -Answer: - - Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, - you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The most - interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" ( - @samp{W w} - ), "Decode ROT13" ( - @samp{W r} - ) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used - by many users of Microsoft products ( - @samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify. - See @samp{W Y C-h} or - have a look at the menus for other deuglifications). - Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.0. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.9: - - Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific - authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I - highlight more interesting ones in some way? - - -Answer: - - You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules - which assign each message an integer value. Depending on - the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if - it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the - value is low, say -800) or some other action happens. - - - There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign - the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set - up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're - reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want - to ignore his messages in the future. Hit - @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score. - Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall - be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities, - we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from - header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want. - Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or - @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards - everything but the name to score down all authors with the given - name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell - Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g. - @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last - forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say - @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}. - - - You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V - f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name - of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in - only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the - Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list - whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists - is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match, - which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the - matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the - following to your all.Score: - +@noindent + +@node FAQ 4-8 +@subsubheading Question 4.8 + +Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails +more readable? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, you can +find them if you browse through the menu, item +Article->Washing. The most interesting ones are probably "Wrap +long lines" (@samp{W w}), "Decode ROT13" +(@samp{W r}) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs +the dumb quoting used by many users of Microsoft products +(@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify. +See @samp{W Y C-h} or have a look at the menus for +other deuglifications). Outlook deuglify is only available since +Gnus 5.10. + +@node FAQ 4-9 +@subsubheading Question 4.9 + +Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific +authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I +highlight more interesting ones in some way? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules +which assign each message an integer value. Depending on +the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if +it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the +value is low, say -800) or some other action happens. + +There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign +the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set +up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're +reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want +to ignore his messages in the future. Hit +@samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score. +Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall +be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities, +we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from +header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want. +Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or +@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards +everything but the name to score down all authors with the given +name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell +Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit +@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last +forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say +@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}. + +You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V +f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name +of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in +only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the +Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list +whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists +is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match, +which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the +matching. If you find me very interesting, you could add the +following to your all.Score: @example (("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s)) ("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s))) @end example - @noindent - This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me - and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly - indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course - nobody with a sane mind would do this :-) - - The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus - watches you and tries to find out what you find - interesting and what annoying and sets up rules - which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help - when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate - adaptive scoring say - +This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me +and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly +indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course +nobody with a sane mind would do this :-) + +The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus +watches you and tries to find out what you find +interesting and what annoying and sets up rules +which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help +when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate +adaptive scoring say @example (setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t) @end example +@noindent + +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. + +@node FAQ 4-10 +@subsubheading Question 4.10 + +How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or +set other variables specific for some groups? + +@subsubheading Answer + +While in group buffer move point over the group and hit +@samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you +can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer +you'll find an item that allows you to set variables +locally for the group. To disable threading enter +gnus-show-threads as name of variable and @code{nil} as +value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when +you're ready. + +@node FAQ 4-11 +@subsubheading Question 4.11 + +Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to +those? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes +in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we +make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look +like) for those postings, then we'll give them some +special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new +faces. + +@node FAQ 4-12 +@subsubheading Question 4.12 + +The number of total messages in a group which Gnus +displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in +mail groups. Is this a bug? + +@subsubheading Answer + +No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would +mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus' +back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number @minus{} +lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This +works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move +many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the +symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET} +(this makes Gnus get all messages), then +hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and +then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move +all messages to the group they have been in before, they +get new message numbers in this process and the count is +right again (until you delete and move your mail to other +groups again). + +@node FAQ 4-13 +@subsubheading Question 4.13 +I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how +to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You can control the windows configuration by calling the +function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit +complicated but explained very well in the manual node +"Window Layout". Some popular examples: + +Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65% +article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining +space"): + +@example +(gnus-add-configuration + '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0)))) +@end example @noindent - in ~/.gnus. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.10: - - How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or - set other variables specific for some groups? - - -Answer: - - While in group buffer move point over the group and hit - @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you - can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer - you'll find an item that allows you to set variables - locally for the group. To disable threading enter - gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as - value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when - you're ready. - -@ifnottex -@node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.11: - - Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to - those? - - -Answer: - - Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes - in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we - make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look - like) for those postings, then we'll give them some - special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new - faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on - @uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org} - -@ifnottex -@node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.12: - - The number of total messages in a group which Gnus - displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in - mail groups. Is this a bug? - - -Answer: - - No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would - mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus' - back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number - - lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This - works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move - many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the - symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET} - (this makes Gnus get all messages), then - hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and - then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move - all messages to the group they have been in before, they - get new message numbers in this process and the count is - right again (until you delete and move your mail to other - groups again). - -@ifnottex -@node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.13: - - I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how - to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display? - - -Answer: - - You can control the windows configuration by calling the - function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit - complicated but explained very well in the manual node - "Window Layout". Some popular examples: - - - Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65% - article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining - space"): - - -@example -(gnus-add-configuration - '(article (vertical 1.0 - (summary .35 point) - (article 1.0)))) -@end example - - - A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary - buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right: - + +A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary +buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right: @example (gnus-add-configuration '(article (horizontal 1.0 - (vertical 25 - (group 1.0)) - (vertical 1.0 - (summary 0.25 point) - (article 1.0))))) + (vertical 25 + (group 1.0)) + (vertical 1.0 + (summary 0.25 point) + (article 1.0))))) (gnus-add-configuration '(summary (horizontal 1.0 - (vertical 25 - (group 1.0)) - (vertical 1.0 - (summary 1.0 point))))) + (vertical 25 + (group 1.0)) + (vertical 1.0 + (summary 1.0 point))))) @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.14: +@noindent + +@node FAQ 4-14 +@subsubheading Question 4.14 - I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? - +I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - You've got to play around with the variable - gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of - symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject - etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the - manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten - node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There - you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and - tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but - sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8. - +You've got to play around with the variable +gnus-summary-line-format. Its value is a string of +symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject +etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the +manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten +node "Formatting Variables" and its sub-nodes. There +you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and +tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but +sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8. - Since 5.10.0, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers, - e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which - gives you a date where the details are dependent of the - articles age. Here's an example which uses both: - +Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers, +e.g., %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which +gives you a date where the details are dependent of the +articles age. Here's an example which uses both: @example -(setq gnus-summary-line-format - ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n") +(setq gnus-summary-line-format ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n") @end example - @noindent - resulting in: - -@smallexample +resulting in: + +@example :O Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:06 :O Re: Revival of the ding-patches list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:12 :R > Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro| 25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:16 @@ -1276,344 +1112,320 @@ Answer: :O \-> ... | 115 |Raymond Scholz | 1:24 :O \-> ... | 19 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |15:33 :O Slow mailing list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:49 -:O Re: `@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50 +:O Re: '@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50 :R > Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope| 23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:57 :O \-> ... | 18 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:35 :O \-> ... | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt | 0:56 -@end smallexample - -@ifnottex -@node [4.15], , [4.14], FAQ 4 - Reading messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 4.15: - - How to split incoming mails in several groups? - - -Answer: - - Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy - nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail - Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to - the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter. - - - The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element - is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has - the form "group where matching articles should go to", - "regular expression which has to be matched", the first - rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a - general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where - articles should go which don't match any other rule. If - the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon - as an article lands there. By default the mail will be - send to all groups whose rules match. If you - don't want that (you probably don't want), say - +@end example +@noindent + +@node FAQ 4-15 +@subsubheading Question 4.15 + +How to split incoming mails in several groups? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy +nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail +Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to +the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter. + +The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element +is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has +the form "group where matching articles should go to", +"regular expression which has to be matched", the first +rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a +general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where +articles should go which don't match any other rule. If +the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon +as an article lands there. By default the mail will be +send to all groups whose rules match. If you +don't want that (you probably don't want), say @example (setq nnmail-crosspost nil) @end example - @noindent - in ~/.gnus. - - An example might be better than thousand words, so here's - my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a - special group and that the default group is spam, since I - filter all mails out which are from some list I'm - subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me - before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which - reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers - from using them): - +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. + +An example might be better than thousand words, so here's +my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a +special group and that the default group is spam, since I +filter all mails out which are from some list I'm +subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me +before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which +reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers +from using them): @example (setq nnmail-split-methods '(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate") - ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.bla.*") - ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.bla.*") - ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.bla.*") - ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.bla.*") - ("Hamster-src" - "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*") - ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau $") - ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.bla.*") - ("EK" - "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*") - ("Spam" - "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*") - ("Spam" - "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*") - ("Spam" - "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*") + ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.invalid.*") + ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.invalid.*") + ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.invalid.*") + ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.invalid.*") + ("Hamster-src" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*") + ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau $") + ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid.*") + ("EK" "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.invalid\\|localpart@@workplace.invalid\\).*") + ("Spam" "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*") + ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*") + ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*") ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)") - ("Spam" - "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)") - ("Spam" - "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*") - ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.bla$") + ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)") + ("Spam" "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*") + ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.invalid$") ("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com") - ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.bla") + ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.invalid") ("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA") - ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.bla.*") - ("Inbox" - "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)") + ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.invalid.*") + ("Inbox" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.invalid\\|address@@two.invalid\\)") ("Spam" ""))) @end example - +@noindent + +@node FAQ 4-16 +@subsubheading Question 4.16 + +How can I ensure more contrast when viewing HTML mail? -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +@subsubheading Answer + +Gnus' built-in simple HTML renderer (you use it if the value of +@code{mm-text-html-renderer} is @code{shr}) uses the colors which are +declared in the HTML mail. However, it adjusts them in order to +prevent situations like dark gray text on black background. In case +the results still have a too low contrast for you, increase the values +of the variables @code{shr-color-visible-distance-min} and +@code{shr-color-visible-luminance-min}. + +@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages @subsection Composing messages @menu -* [5.1]:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and - postings? -* [5.2]:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? -* [5.3]:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? -* [5.4]:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the - group I post too? -* [5.5]:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? -* [5.6]:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? -* [5.7]:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember all - those email addresses? -* [5.8]:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article buffer. - What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too? -* [5.9]:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups. - Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups? -* [5.10]:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? -* [5.11]:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and news, - how to do it? -* [5.12]:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, - why aren't they and how to fix it? +* FAQ 5-1:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending + mail and postings? +* FAQ 5-2:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing + messages? +* FAQ 5-3:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, + signature...? +* FAQ 5-4:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc. group based on + the group I post too? +* FAQ 5-5:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly + spell-checking? +* FAQ 5-6:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting + to? +* FAQ 5-7:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't + remember all those email addresses? +* FAQ 5-8:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article + buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my postings, + too? +* FAQ 5-9:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in + newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in + newsgroups? +* FAQ 5-10:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? +* FAQ 5-11:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and + news, how to do it? +* FAQ 5-12:: I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending + instead of keeping it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it? +* FAQ 5-13:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why + aren't they and how to fix it? @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [5.1], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.1: +@node FAQ 5-1 +@subsubheading Question 5.1 + +What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings? - What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings? - +@subsubheading Answer -Answer: +To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m} +either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's +either @samp{a} in Group buffer and +filling the Newsgroups header manually +or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the +group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail +is +@samp{r} if you don't want to cite the +author, or import the cited text manually and +@samp{R} to cite the text of the original +message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's +@samp{f} and @samp{F} +(analogously to @samp{r} and +@samp{R}). - To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m} - either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's - either @samp{a} in Group buffer and - filling the Newsgroups header manually - or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the - group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail - is - @samp{r} if you don't want to cite the - author, or import the cited text manually and - @samp{R} to cite the text of the original - message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's - @samp{f} and @samp{F} - (analog to @samp{r} and - @samp{R}. - +Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows +this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready +hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message, +if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c +C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you +can start editing it again by saying @samp{D +e}. - Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows - this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready - hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message, - if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c - C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you - can start editing it again by saying @samp{D - e}. - -@ifnottex -@node [5.2], [5.3], [5.1], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.2: +@node FAQ 5-2 +@subsubheading Question 5.2 - How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? - +How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Say - +Starting from No Gnus, automatic word-wrap is already enabled by +default, see the variable message-fill-column. + +For other versions of Gnus, say @example -(add-hook 'message-mode-hook - (lambda () - (setq fill-column 72) - (turn-on-auto-fill))) +(unless (boundp 'message-fill-column) + (add-hook 'message-mode-hook + (lambda () + (setq fill-column 72) + (turn-on-auto-fill)))) @end example - @noindent - in ~/.gnus. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting - @samp{M-q} (as usual) - -@ifnottex -@node [5.3], [5.4], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.3: - How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? - +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. -Answer: +You can reformat a paragraph by hitting @samp{M-q} +(as usual). - There are other ways, but you should use posting styles - for this. (See below why). - This example should make the syntax clear: - +@node FAQ 5-3 +@subsubheading Question 5.3 + +How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...? + +@subsubheading Answer + +There are other ways, but you should use posting styles +for this. (See below why). +This example should make the syntax clear: @example (setq gnus-posting-styles '((".*" (name "Frank Schmitt") - (address "me@@there.bla") + (address "me@@there.invalid") (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") (signature-file "~/.signature") ("X-SampleHeader" "foobar") (eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar"))))) @end example - @noindent - The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones - (see below), valid values for the first element of the - following lists are signature, signature-file, - organization, address, name or body. The attribute name - can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as - a header name, and the value will be inserted in the - headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header - name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)), - then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar - and the result will be thrown away. - -@ifnottex -@node [5.4], [5.5], [5.3], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.4: - - Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too? - - -Answer: - - That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*" - to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp - like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied - to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use - ".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings - send to groups containing the string binaries in their - name etc. - - - You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function - which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the - corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting - candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if - the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding - message-mail-p. - - - Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in - the example below, when I post to - gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under - ".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and - those under "^gmane" and those under - "^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because - of this put general settings at the top and specific ones - at the bottom. - + +The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones +(see below), valid values for the first element of the +following lists are signature, signature-file, +organization, address, name or body. The attribute name +can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as +a header name, and the value will be inserted in the +headers of the article; if the value is @code{nil}, the header +name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)), +then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar +and the result will be thrown away. + +@node FAQ 5-4 +@subsubheading Question 5.4 + +Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too? + +@subsubheading Answer + +That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*" +to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp +like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied +to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use +".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings +send to groups containing the string binaries in their +name etc. + +You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function +which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the +corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting +candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if +the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding +message-mail-p. + +Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in +the example below, when I post to +gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under +".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and +those under "^gmane" and those under +"^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because +of this put general settings at the top and specific ones +at the bottom. @example (setq gnus-posting-styles - '((".*" ;;default - (name "Frank Schmitt") - (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") - (signature-file "~/.signature")) - ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news? - (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.bla") - ("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")) - ((message-mail-p) ;;mail? - (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")) - ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact - (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.net") - ("Reply-To" nil)) - ("^gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general$" - (eval (setq mail-envelope-from "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")) - (address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")))) -@end example - -@ifnottex -@node [5.5], [5.6], [5.4], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.5: - - Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? - - -Answer: - -You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the first -thing to do is to make sure that you've got either -@itemize @bullet -@item -@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html,ispell} -or -@item -@uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/,aspell} -@end itemize + '((".*" ;;default + (name "Frank Schmitt") + (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi") + (signature-file "~/.signature")) + ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news? + (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid") + (reply-to "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")) + ((message-mail-p) ;;mail? + (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")) + ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact + (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid") + (reply-to nil)) + ("^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$" + (eval (set (make-local-variable 'message-sendmail-envelope-from) + "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))))) +@end example @noindent -installed and in your Path. -Then you need -@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html,ispell.el,ispell.el} +@node FAQ 5-5 +@subsubheading Question 5.5 + +Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the +first thing to do is to make sure that you've got either +@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html, ispell} +or @uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/, aspell} +installed and in your Path. Then you need +@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html, ispell.el} and for on-the-fly spell-checking -@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html,flyspell.el,flyspell.el}. -Ispell.el is shipped with Gnus Emacs and available through the Emacs -package system, flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs -text-modes package which is available through the package system, so -there should be no need to install them manually. - +@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/members/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html, flyspell.el}. +Ispell.el is shipped with Emacs and available through the XEmacs package system, +flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs text-modes package which is +available through the package system, so there should be no need to install them +manually. - Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say - +Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say @example (setq ispell-program-name "aspell") @end example - - @noindent - in your Emacs configuration file. - - If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say - +in your Emacs configuration file. + +If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say @example (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) @end example - @noindent - In your ~/.gnus, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say - + +In your @file{~/.gnus.el}, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say @example (add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1))) @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [5.6], [5.7], [5.5], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.6: +@noindent - Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? - +@node FAQ 5-6 +@subsubheading Question 5.6 -Answer: +Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to? - Yes, say something like - +@subsubheading Answer + +Yes, say something like @example (add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook @@ -1625,236 +1437,236 @@ Answer: (t (ispell-change-dictionary "english"))))) @end example - - @noindent - in ~/.gnus. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something - that suits your needs. - -@ifnottex -@node [5.7], [5.8], [5.6], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.7: - Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember - all those email addresses? - +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something +that suits your needs. + +@node FAQ 5-7 +@subsubheading Question 5.7 -Answer: +Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember +all those email addresses? - There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases. - You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple - alias syntax: - +@subsubheading Answer + +There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases. +You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple +alias syntax: @example -alias al "Al " +alias al "Al " @end example - @noindent - Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation - character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will - cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the - node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for - details. - - However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother - Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from - @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/,bbdb's homepage}. - Now place the following in ~/.gnus, to activate bbdb for Gnus: - +Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation +character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will +cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the +node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for +details. + +However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother +Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from +@uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/, bbdb's homepage}. +Now place the following in @file{~/.gnus.el}, to activate bbdb for Gnus: @example (require 'bbdb) (bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message) @end example - @noindent - Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration, - place them in ~/.emacs: - + +Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration, +place them in ~/.emacs: @example (require 'bbdb) -;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the +;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the ;;syntax check for telephone numbers by saying (setq bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil) ;;Tell bbdb about your email address: (setq bbdb-user-mail-names - (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.bla" - "Your.other@@mail.there.bla"))) + (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.invalid" + "Your.other@@mail.there.invalid"))) ;;cycling while completing email addresses (setq bbdb-complete-name-allow-cycling t) ;;No popup-buffers (setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil) @end example - @noindent - Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET - RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all - entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new - entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and - @samp{C-o} to add a new field to an - entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can - also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and - you are done. When you now compose a new mail, - hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know - recipients. - -@ifnottex -@node [5.8], [5.9], [5.7], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.8: - - Sometimes I see little images at the top of article - buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my - postings, too? - -Answer: - - Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w - pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include - one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a - X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say - Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the - relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to - 48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface - package from - @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/,this site}. - and create the actual X-face by saying - +Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET +RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all +entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new +entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and +@samp{C-o} to add a new field to an +entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can +also just hit @kbd{:} on the posting in the summary buffer and +you are done. When you now compose a new mail, +hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know +recipients. + +@node FAQ 5-8 +@subsubheading Question 5.8 + +Sometimes I see little images at the top of article +buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my +postings, too? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w +pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include +one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a +X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say +Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the +relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to +48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface +package from +@uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/, this site}. +and create the actual X-face by saying @example -cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon |compface > file.face -cat ./file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g' | sed 's/\"/\\\"/g' > ./file.face.quoted +cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon | compface > file.face +cat file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g;s/\"/\\\"/g;' > file.face.quoted @end example - @noindent -If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at@* -@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. If you use MS Windows, you -could also use the WinFace program from -@uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}. -Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings -by saying +If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at +@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. +If you use MS Windows, you could also use the WinFace program, +which used to be available from +@indicateurl{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}. +Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings by saying @example (setq message-default-headers (with-temp-buffer (insert "X-Face: ") - (insert-file-contents "~/.xemacs/xface") + (insert-file-contents "~/.xface") (buffer-string))) @end example +@noindent +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you use Gnus 5.10, you can simply add an entry + +@example +(x-face-file "~/.xface") +@end example @noindent - in ~/.gnus. - -@ifnottex -@node [5.9], [5.10], [5.8], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.9: - Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in - newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in - newsgroups? - +to gnus-posting-styles. + +@node FAQ 5-9 +@subsubheading Question 5.9 + +Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in +newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in +newsgroups? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Put this in ~/.gnus: - +Put this in @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t) @end example - @noindent - if you already use Gnus 5.10.0, if you still use 5.8.8 or - 5.9 try this instead: - + +if you already use Gnus 5.10, if you still use 5.8.8 or +5.9 try this instead: @example -(defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate) +(eval-after-load "gnus-msg" + '(unless (boundp 'gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news) + (defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate) + "Request confirmation when replying to news." (interactive) - (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name)) - (y-or-n-p "Really reply? ")) - ad-do-it)) + (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name)) + (y-or-n-p "Really reply by mail to article author? ")) + ad-do-it)))) @end example - -@ifnottex -@node [5.10], [5.11], [5.9], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.10: +@noindent + +@node FAQ 5-10 +@subsubheading Question 5.10 - How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? - +How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - Since 5.10.0 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by - default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus: - +Since 5.10 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by +default. For older Gnus' try this in @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (eval-after-load "message" '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) @end example - - -@ifnottex -@node [5.11], [5.12], [5.10], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.11: +@noindent - I want gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and - news, how to do it? - +@node FAQ 5-11 +@subsubheading Question 5.11 -Answer: +I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and +news, how to do it? - You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do - this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the - group where the copies shall go or like in the example - below use a function which is evaluated and which returns - the group to use. - +@subsubheading Answer + +You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do +this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the +group where the copies shall go or like in the example +below use a function which is evaluated and which returns +the group to use. @example (setq gnus-message-archive-group - '((if (message-news-p) - "nnml:Send-News" - "nnml:Send-Mail"))) -@end example - - -@ifnottex -@node [5.12], , [5.11], FAQ 5 - Composing messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 5.12: - - People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why - aren't they and how to fix it? - - -Answer: - - The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you - send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine - name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine - where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't - at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use - by saying + '((if (message-news-p) + "nnml:Send-News" + "nnml:Send-Mail"))) +@end example +@noindent + +@node FAQ 5-12 +@subsubheading Question 5.12 + +I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending instead of keeping +it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Add this to your ~/.gnus: + +@example +(setq message-kill-buffer-on-exit t) +@end example +@noindent + +@node FAQ 5-13 +@subsubheading Question 5.13 + +People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why +aren't they and how to fix it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +The message-ID is a unique identifier for messages you +send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine +name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine +where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't +at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use +by saying: + @example (setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld") @end example @noindent - in ~/.gnus. If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this -instead: + +in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you use Gnus 5.9 or earlier, you can use this +instead (works for newer versions as well): + @example (eval-after-load "message" - '(let (myfqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld");; <-- Edit this! + '(let ((fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld"));; <-- Edit this! (if (boundp 'message-user-fqdn) (setq message-user-fqdn fqdn) (gnus-message 1 "Redefining `message-make-fqdn'.") @@ -1862,114 +1674,98 @@ instead: "Return user's fully qualified domain name." fqdn)))) @end example +@noindent - If you have no idea what to insert for - "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several - choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows - you to use something like - yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use - somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain - yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which - gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g. - @uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}. - (Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an - English one offering the same, drop me a note). - +If you have no idea what to insert for +"yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several +choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows +you to use something like +yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use +somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain +yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which +gives private users a FQDN for free. - Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID - for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying - +Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID +for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying @example (setq message-required-news-headers (remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers)) @end example - @noindent - you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying - + +you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying @example (setq message-required-mail-headers (remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers)) @end example - @noindent - , however some mail servers don't generate proper - Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves - correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID. - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +, however some mail servers don't generate proper +Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves +correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID. + +@node FAQ 6 - Old messages @subsection Old messages @menu -* [6.1]:: How to import my old mail into Gnus? -* [6.2]:: How to archive interesting messages? -* [6.3]:: How to search for a specific message? -* [6.4]:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail? -* [6.5]:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some - groups). How to do it? -* [6.6]:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them - to another group. +* FAQ 6-1:: How to import my old mail into Gnus? +* FAQ 6-2:: How to archive interesting messages? +* FAQ 6-3:: How to search for a specific message? +* FAQ 6-4:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail? +* FAQ 6-5:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in + some groups). How to do it? +* FAQ 6-6:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move + them to another group. @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [6.1], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.1: - - How to import my old mail into Gnus? - - -Answer: - - The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to - export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers - are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows - world, you may find tools at - @uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}. - - - Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do - this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by - saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in - Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your - mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal - Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've - just created by saying @samp{C-u RET} - (thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all - messages by saying @samp{M P b} and - either copy them to the desired group by saying - @samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them - through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying - @samp{B r}. - -@ifnottex -@node [6.2], [6.3], [6.1], FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.2: - - How to archive interesting messages? - - -Answer: - - If you stumble across an interesting message, say in - gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several - solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file - by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't - it be much more convenient to have more direct access to - the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this - snippet by Frank Haun in - ~/.gnus: - +@node FAQ 6-1 +@subsubheading Question 6.1 + +How to import my old mail into Gnus? + +@subsubheading Answer + +The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to +export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers +are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows +world, you may find tools at +@uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}. + +Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do +this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by +saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in +Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your +mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal +Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've +just created by saying @samp{C-u RET} +(thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all +messages by saying @samp{M P b} and +either copy them to the desired group by saying +@samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them +through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying +@samp{B r}. + +@node FAQ 6-2 +@subsubheading Question 6.2 + +How to archive interesting messages? + +@subsubheading Answer + +If you stumble across an interesting message, say in +gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several +solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file +by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't +it be much more convenient to have more direct access to +the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this +snippet by Frank Haun in +@file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (defun my-archive-article (&optional n) - "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g. + "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g., `gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'. @@ -1984,624 +1780,530 @@ more then one article." (replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name))))) (gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name))) @end example - @noindent - You can now say @samp{M-x - my-archive-article} in summary buffer to - archive the article under the cursor in a nnml - group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end) - - Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying - +You can now say @samp{M-x +my-archive-article} in summary buffer to +archive the article under the cursor in a nnml +group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end) + +Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying @example (setq gnus-use-cache t) @end example - @noindent - then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant - mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read - mark will remove them from cache. - -@ifnottex -@node [6.3], [6.4], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.3: - - How to search for a specific message? - - -Answer: - - There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from - a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask - @uref{http://groups.google.com,groups.google.com}, - if you found the posting there, tell Google to display - the raw message, look for the message-id, and say - @samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a - summary buffer. - Since Gnus 5.10.0 there's also a Gnus interface for - groups.google.com which you can call with - @samp{G W}) in group buffer. - - - Another idea which works for both mail and news groups - is to enter the group where the message you are - searching is and use the standard Emacs search - @samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at - articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to - search bodies, too try @samp{M-s} - instead. Further on there are the - gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you, - too. - - - Of course you can also use grep to search through your - local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and - inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail - in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end - to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and - others. You index your mail with one of those search - engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough - the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all - messages which met your search criteria. If this sound - cool to you get nnir.el from the contrib directory of the Gnus - distribution or - @uref{http://quimby.gnus.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/gnus/contrib/nnir.el?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/plain} - Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file. - -@ifnottex -@node [6.4], [6.5], [6.3], FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.4: - - How to get rid of old unwanted mail? - - -Answer: - - You can of course just mark the mail you don't need - anymore by saying @samp{#} with point - over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL} - to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of - actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by - saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which - you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended - way in Gnus. - - - In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news - server. That means you tell Gnus the message is - expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail - anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point - over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the - group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as - expirable before and if they are old enough (default is - older than a week) they are deleted. - -@ifnottex -@node [6.5], [6.6], [6.4], FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.5: - - I want that all read messages are expired (at least in - some groups). How to do it? - - -Answer: - - If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in - mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've - got two choices: auto-expire and - total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article - which has no marks set and is selected for reading is - marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E} - for you every time you read a message. Total-expire - follows a slightly different approach, here all article - where the read mark is set are expirable. - - - To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the - Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G - c} in summary buffer with point over the - group to change group parameters). For total-expire add - total-expire to the group-parameters. - - - Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste: - Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with - Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature, - you should use total-expire. - - - If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in - a group where total or auto expire is active, set either - tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit - @samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you - can also set the read mark (hit - @samp{d}). - -@ifnottex -@node [6.6], , [6.5], FAQ 6 - Old messages -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 6.6: - - I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them - to another group. - - -Answer: - - Say something like this in ~/.gnus: - + +then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant +mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read +mark will remove them from cache. + +@node FAQ 6-3 +@subsubheading Question 6.3 + +How to search for a specific message? + +@subsubheading Answer + +There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from +a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask +@uref{http://groups.google.com, groups.google.com}, +if you found the posting there, tell Google to display +the raw message, look for the message-id, and say +@samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a +summary buffer. +Since Gnus 5.10 there's also a Gnus interface for +groups.google.com which you can call with +@samp{G W}) in group buffer. + +Another idea which works for both mail and news groups +is to enter the group where the message you are +searching is and use the standard Emacs search +@samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at +articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to +search bodies, too try @samp{M-s} +instead. Further on there are the +gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you, +too. + +Of course you can also use grep to search through your +local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and +inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail +in Gnus. Here nnir comes into action. Nnir is a front end +to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and +others. You index your mail with one of those search +engines and with the help of nnir you can search through +the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all +messages which met your search criteria. If this sounds +cool to you, get nnir.el from +@c FIXME Isn't this file in Gnus? +@ignore +@c Dead link 2013/7. +@uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/} +or +@end ignore +@uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}. +Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file. + +@node FAQ 6-4 +@subsubheading Question 6.4 + +How to get rid of old unwanted mail? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You can of course just mark the mail you don't need +anymore by saying @samp{#} with point +over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL} +to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of +actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by +saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which +you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended +way in Gnus. + +In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news +server. That means you tell Gnus the message is +expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail +anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point +over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the +group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as +expirable before and if they are old enough (default is +older than a week) they are deleted. + +@node FAQ 6-5 +@subsubheading Question 6.5 + +I want that all read messages are expired (at least in +some groups). How to do it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g., in +mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've +got two choices: auto-expire and +total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article +which has no marks set and is selected for reading is +marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E} +for you every time you read a message. Total-expire +follows a slightly different approach, here all article +where the read mark is set are expirable. + +To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the +Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G +c} in summary buffer with point over the +group to change group parameters). For total-expire add +total-expire to the group-parameters. + +Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste: +Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with +Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature, +you should use total-expire. + +If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in +a group where total or auto expire is active, set either +tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit +@samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you +can also set the read mark (hit +@samp{d}). + +@node FAQ 6-6 +@subsubheading Question 6.6 + +I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them +to another group. + +@subsubheading Answer + +Say something like this in @file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired") @end example - @noindent - (If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target - on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable - threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other - variables specific for some groups?") - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 6 - Old messages, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +(If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target +on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable +threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or set other +variables specific for some groups?") + +@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment @subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment @menu -* [7.1]:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I - minimize the time I've got to be connected? -* [7.2]:: So what was this thing about the Agent? -* [7.3]:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? -* [7.4]:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while - I'm offline? +* FAQ 7-1:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I + minimize the time I've got to be connected? +* FAQ 7-2:: So what was this thing about the Agent? +* FAQ 7-3:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do + it? +* FAQ 7-4:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings + while I'm offline? @end menu +@node FAQ 7-1 +@subsubheading Question 7.1 + +I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can +I minimize the time I've got to be connected? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You've got basically two options: Either you use the +Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install +programs which fetch your news and mail to your local +disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local +machine. + +If you want to follow the second approach, you need a +program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a +program which does the same for mail and a program which +receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them +when you're online. + +Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, +the easiest solution is a small nntp server like +@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/, Leafnode} or +@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/, sn}, +of course you can also install a full featured news +server like +@uref{http://www.isc.org/software/inn/, inn}. +Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices +are @uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/, fetchmail} +and @uref{http://pyropus.ca/software/getmail/, getmail}. +You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and +Gnus to read it from there. Last but not least the mail +sending part: This can be done with every MTA like +@uref{http://www.sendmail.org/, sendmail}, +@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, postfix}, +@uref{http://www.exim.org/, exim} or +@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, qmail}. + +On windows boxes I'd vote for +@uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/, Hamster}, +it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches +your mail and news from remote servers and offers them +to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp +respectively POP3 or IMAP@. It also includes a smtp +server for receiving mails from Gnus. + +@node FAQ 7-2 +@subsubheading Question 7.2 + +So what was this thing about the Agent? + +@subsubheading Answer + +The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch +mail and news and store them on disk for reading them +later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline +newsreaders like Forte Agent. If you want to use +the Agent place the following in @file{~/.gnus.el} if you are +still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10): -@ifnottex -@node [7.1], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 7.1: +@example +(setq gnus-agent t) +@end example +@noindent - I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can - I minimize the time I've got to be connected? - +Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be +stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer +(that is press @samp{^} while in the +group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to +the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the +server by typing @samp{J a}. If you +make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this +action by typing @samp{J r}. When +you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer. +Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized +server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from +there the next time you enter the group. + +@node FAQ 7-3 +@subsubheading Question 7.3 + +I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? + +@subsubheading Answer + +You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies +of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is +done in a special buffer which can be reached by +saying @samp{J c} in group +buffer. Please refer to the documentation for +information which predicates are possible and how +exactly to do it. + +Further on you can tell the agent manually which +articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do +this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a +set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by +saying @samp{#} with point over the +article and then type @samp{J s}. The +other possibility is to set, again in the summary +buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you +want by typing @samp{@@} with point over +the article and then typing @samp{J u}. +What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as +soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable +marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable +marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in +the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The +only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of +the headers for every selected group on an agentized +server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial +fetch session could take hours. + +@node FAQ 7-4 +@subsubheading Question 7.4 + +How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings +while I'm offline? + +@subsubheading Answer + +All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online +(plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest +works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged +state by saying @samp{J j} in group +buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x +gnus-unplugged} instead of +@samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to +work, the agent must be active. + +@node FAQ 8 - Getting help +@subsection Getting help -Answer: +@menu +* FAQ 8-1:: How to find information and help inside Emacs? +* FAQ 8-2:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g., + attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? +* FAQ 8-3:: Which websites should I know? +* FAQ 8-4:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? +* FAQ 8-5:: Where to report bugs? +* FAQ 8-6:: I need real-time help, where to find it? +@end menu - You've got basically two options: Either you use the - Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install - programs which fetch your news and mail to your local - disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local - machine. - +@node FAQ 8-1 +@subsubheading Question 8.1 - If you want to follow the second approach, you need a - program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a - program which does the same for mail and a program which - receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them - when you're online. - +How to find information and help inside Emacs? -Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, the easiest -solution is a small nntp server like -@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/,Leafnode} or -@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/,sn}, of course you can also -install a full featured news server like -@uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/,inn}. +@subsubheading Answer -Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices are -@itemize @bullet -@item -@uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/,fetchmail} and -@item -@uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/,getmail}. -@end itemize -You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and Gnus to read -it from there. Last but not least the mail sending part: This can be -done with every MTA like @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/,sendmail}, -@uref{http://www.qmail.org/,postfix}, @uref{http://www.exim.org/,exim} -or @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,qmail}. - - - On windows boxes I'd vote for - @uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/,Hamster}, - it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches - your mail and news from remote servers and offers them - to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp - respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp - server for receiving mails from Gnus. - -@ifnottex -@node [7.2], [7.3], [7.1], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 7.2: - - So what was this thing about the Agent? - - -Answer: - - The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch - mail and news and store them on disk for reading them - later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline - newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use - the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus if you are - still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10.0): - +The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say +@samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the +Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a +full-text search with @samp{s}). Then +there are the general Emacs help commands starting with +C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list +of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally +@samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you +search through all available functions and @samp{M-x +apropos} searches the bound variables. -@example -(setq gnus-agent t) -@end example - - - Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be - stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer - (that is press @samp{^} while in the - group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to - the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the - server by typing @samp{J a}. If you - make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this - action by typing @samp{J r}. When - you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer. - Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized - server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from - there the next time you enter the group. - -@ifnottex -@node [7.3], [7.4], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 7.3: - - I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it? - - -Answer: - - You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies - of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is - done in a special buffer which can be reached by - saying @samp{J c} in group - buffer. Please refer to the documentation for - information which predicates are possible and how - exactly to do it. - - - Further on you can tell the agent manually which - articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do - this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a - set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by - saying @samp{#} with point over the - article and then type @samp{J s}. The - other possibility is to set, again in the summary - buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you - want by typing @samp{@@} with point over - the article and then typing @samp{J u}. - What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as - soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable - marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable - marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in - the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The - only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of - the headers for every selected group on an agentized - server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial - fetch session could take hours. - -@ifnottex -@node [7.4], , [7.3], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 7.4: - - How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings - while I'm offline? - - -Answer: - - All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online - (plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest - works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged - state by saying @samp{J j} in group - buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x - gnus-unplugged} instead of - @samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to - work, the agent must be active. - - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex -@subsection Getting help +@node FAQ 8-2 +@subsubheading Question 8.2 -@menu -* [8.1]:: How to find information and help inside Emacs? -* [8.2]:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X - (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? -* [8.3]:: Which websites should I know? -* [8.4]:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? -* [8.5]:: Where to report bugs? -* [8.6]:: I need real-time help, where to find it? -@end menu +I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X +(e.g., attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? + +@subsubheading Answer + +There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals for message, +emacs-mime, sieve, EasyPG Assistant, and pgg. Those packages are +distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't really part of core +Gnus, so they are documented in different info files, you should have +a look in those manuals, too. + +@node FAQ 8-3 +@subsubheading Question 8.3 + +Which websites should I know? + +@subsubheading Answer + +The most important one is the +@uref{http://www.gnus.org, official Gnus website}. + +Tell me about other sites which are interesting. + +@node FAQ 8-4 +@subsubheading Question 8.4 + +Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? + +@subsubheading Answer + +There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (also available as +@uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.user, +gmane.emacs.gnus.user}) which deals with general Gnus +questions. If you have questions about development versions of +Gnus, you should better ask on the ding mailing list, see below. + +If you want to stay in the big8, +news.software.readers is also read by some Gnus +users (but chances for qualified help are much better in +the above groups). If you speak German, there's +de.comm.software.gnus. + +The ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) deals with development of +Gnus. You can read the ding list via NNTP, too under the name +@uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.general, +gmane.emacs.gnus.general} from news.gmane.org. + +@node FAQ 8-5 +@subsubheading Question 8.5 + +Where to report bugs? + +@subsubheading Answer + +Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start +a message to the +@email{bugs@@gnus.org, gnus bug mailing list} +including information about your environment which make +it easier to help you. + +@node FAQ 8-6 +@subsubheading Question 8.6 + +I need real-time help, where to find it? -@ifnottex -@node [8.1], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.1: - - How to find information and help inside Emacs? - - -Answer: - - The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say - @samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the - Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a - full-text search with @samp{s}). Then - there are the general Emacs help commands starting with - C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list - of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally - @samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you - search through all available functions and @samp{M-x - apropos} searches the bound variables. - -@ifnottex -@node [8.2], [8.3], [8.1], FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.2: - - I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X - (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented? - - -Answer: - - There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals - for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages - are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't - really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in - different info files, you should have a look in those - manuals, too. - -@ifnottex -@node [8.3], [8.4], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.3: - - Which websites should I know? - - -Answer: - - The two most important ones are the - @uref{http://www.gnus.org,official Gnus website}. - and it's sister site - @uref{http://my.gnus.org,my.gnus.org (MGO)}, - hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not - really finished) tutorial and this FAQ. - - - Tell me about other sites which are interesting. - -@ifnottex -@node [8.4], [8.5], [8.3], FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.4: - - Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there? - - -Answer: - - There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from - e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions - and the ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with - development of Gnus. You can read the ding list via - NNTP, too under the name gnus.ding from news.gnus.org. - - - If you want to stay in the big8, - news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus - users (but chances for qualified help are much better in - the above groups) and if you speak German, there's - de.comm.software.gnus. - -@ifnottex -@node [8.5], [8.6], [8.4], FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.5: - - Where to report bugs? - - -Answer: - -Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start a message to the -@email{bugs@@gnus.org,gnus bug mailing list} including information -about your environment which make it easier to help you. - -@ifnottex -@node [8.6], , [8.5], FAQ 8 - Getting help -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 8.6: - - I need real-time help, where to find it? - - -Answer: - - Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel - #mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German, - they are willing and capable of switching to - English when people from outside Germany enter. - - -@ifnottex -@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ - Glossary, FAQ 8 - Getting help, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +@subsubheading Answer + +Point your IRC client to irc.freenode.net, channel #gnus. + +@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus @subsection Tuning Gnus @menu -* [9.1]:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? -* [9.2]:: How to speed up the process of entering a group? -* [9.3]:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? +* FAQ 9-1:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? +* FAQ 9-2:: How to speed up the process of entering a group? +* FAQ 9-3:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? @end menu -@ifnottex -@node [9.1], [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 9.1: +@node FAQ 9-1 +@subsubheading Question 9.1 - Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? - +Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up? -Answer: +@subsubheading Answer - The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's - active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus - manual for things you might try to speed the process up. - An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus (say - @samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus - RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require - statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with - eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup - time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your - ~/.gnus: - +The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads its +active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus +manual for things you might try to speed the process up. +An other idea would be to byte compile your @file{~/.gnus.el} (say +@samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus.el +RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require +statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with +eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup +time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your +@file{~/.gnus.el}: @example (require 'message) (add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)) @end example - @noindent - then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If - you replace it with - + +then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If +you replace it with @example (eval-after-load "message" '(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))) @end example - @noindent - it's loaded when it's needed. - -@ifnottex -@node [9.2], [9.3], [9.1], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 9.2: - How to speed up the process of entering a group? - +it's loaded when it's needed. -Answer: +@node FAQ 9-2 +@subsubheading Question 9.2 - A speed killer is setting the variable - gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil, - so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up - building of summary say - +How to speed up the process of entering a group? + +@subsubheading Answer + +A speed killer is setting the variable +gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from @code{nil}, +so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up +building of summary say @example (gnus-compile) @end example - @noindent - at the bottom of your ~/.gnus, this will make gnus - byte-compile things like - gnus-summary-line-format. - then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold - by saying something like - + +at the bottom of your @file{~/.gnus.el}, this will make gnus +byte-compile things like +gnus-summary-line-format. +then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold +by saying something like @example (setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000) @end example - @noindent - in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK - characters or use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger together with a - recent GNU Emacs, you should say - + +in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK +characters or use Gnus 5.10 or younger together with a +recent GNU Emacs, you should say @example -(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil) +(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil) @end example - - @noindent - in ~/.gnus (thanks to Jesper harder for the last - two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8 - or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary - buffer generation, you definitely should update to - 5.10.0 since there quite some work on improving it has - been done. - -@ifnottex -@node [9.3], , [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus -@end ifnottex -@subsubheading Question 9.3: - Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? - +in @file{~/.gnus.el} (thanks to Jesper harder for the last +two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8 +or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary +buffer generation, you definitely should update to +5.10 since there quite some work on improving it has +been done. + +@node FAQ 9-3 +@subsubheading Question 9.3 -Answer: +Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up? - The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the - messages you wrote by setting - gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group - instead of an archive group, this should bring you back - to normal speed. - +@subsubheading Answer -@ifnottex -@node FAQ - Glossary, , FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, Frequently Asked Questions -@end ifnottex +The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the +messages you wrote by setting +gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group +instead of an archive group, this should bring you back +to normal speed. + +@node FAQ - Glossary @subsection Glossary @table @dfn -@item ~/.gnus - When the term ~/.gnus is used it just means your Gnus - configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus.el or - specify another name. - +@item ~/.gnus.el +When the term @file{~/.gnus.el} is used it just means your Gnus +configuration file. You might as well call it @file{~/.gnus} or +specify another name. @item Back End - In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer - between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or - whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface - to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc. - +In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer +between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or +whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface +to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc. @item Emacs - When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU - Emacs or XEmacs. - +When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU +Emacs or XEmacs. @item Message - In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a - Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter - of which kind it is. - +In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a +Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter +of which kind it is. @item MUA - MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you - use to read and write e-mails. - +MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you +use to read and write e-mails. @item NUA - NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you - use to read and write Usenet news. - -@end table +NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you +use to read and write Usenet news. -@c @bye - -@ignore - arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8 -@end ignore +@end table