\input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
@setfilename message
-@settitle Message 5.8.7 Manual
+@settitle Message Manual
@synindex fn cp
@synindex vr cp
@synindex pg cp
-@dircategory Editors
+@dircategory Emacs
@direntry
* Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that goes with Gnus.
@end direntry
This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode.
-Copyright (C) 1996,97,98,99,2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
@tex
@titlepage
-@title Message 5.8.7 Manual
+@title Message Manual
@author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
-Copyright @copyright{} 1996,97,98,99,2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
+ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
* Key Index:: List of Message mode keys.
@end menu
-This manual corresponds to Message 5.8.7. Message is distributed with
-the Gnus distribution bearing the same version number as this manual.
+This manual corresponds to Message v5.10.1. Message is distributed
+with the Gnus distribution bearing the same version number as this
+manual.
@node Interface
* Forwarding:: Forwarding a message via news or mail.
* Resending:: Resending a mail message.
* Bouncing:: Bouncing a mail message.
+* Mailing Lists:: Send mail to mailing lists.
@end menu
header will be used.
This function can also return a list. In that case, each list element
-should be a cons, where the car should be the name of an header
-(eg. @code{Cc}) and the cdr should be the header value
-(eg. @samp{larsi@@ifi.uio.no}). All these headers will be inserted into
+should be a cons, where the @sc{car} should be the name of a header
+(e.g. @code{Cc}) and the @sc{cdr} should be the header value
+(e.g. @samp{larsi@@ifi.uio.no}). All these headers will be inserted into
the head of the outgoing mail.
@code{message-wide-reply-to-function}. It is used in the same way as
@code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}).
-@findex message-dont-reply-to-names
+@vindex message-dont-reply-to-names
Addresses that match the @code{message-dont-reply-to-names} regular
expression will be removed from the @code{Cc} header.
+@vindex message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients
+If @code{message-wide-reply-confirm-recipients} is non-@code{nil} you
+will be asked to confirm that you want to reply to multiple
+recipients. The default is @code{nil}.
@node Followup
@section Followup
The @code{message-cancel-news} command cancels the article in the
current buffer.
+@vindex message-cancel-message
+The value of @code{message-cancel-message} is inserted in the body of
+the cancel message. The default is @samp{I am canceling my own
+article.}.
+
+@cindex Cancel Locks
+@vindex message-insert-canlock
+@cindex canlock
+When Message posts news messages, it inserts @code{Cancel-Lock}
+headers by default. This is a cryptographic header that ensures that
+only you can cancel your own messages, which is nice. The downside
+is that if you lose your @file{.emacs} file (which is where Gnus
+stores the secret cancel lock password (which is generated
+automatically the first time you use this feature)), you won't be
+able to cancel your message.
+
+Whether to insert the header or not is controlled by the
+@code{message-insert-canlock} variable.
+
+Not many news servers respect the @code{Cancel-Lock} header yet, but
+this is expected to change in the future.
+
@node Superseding
@section Superseding
@item message-forward-as-mime
@vindex message-forward-as-mime
If this variable is @code{t} (the default), forwarded messages are
-included as inline MIME RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded
+included as inline @acronym{MIME} RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded
messages will just be copied inline to the new message, like previous,
-non MIME-savvy versions of gnus would do.
+non @acronym{MIME}-savvy versions of Gnus would do.
+
+@item message-forward-before-signature
+@vindex message-forward-before-signature
+If non-@code{nil}, put forwarded message before signature, else after.
+
@end table
@samp{^\\(Received\\|Return-Path\\):}.
+@node Mailing Lists
+@section Mailing Lists
+
+@cindex Mail-Followup-To
+Sometimes while posting to mailing lists, the poster needs to direct
+followups to the post to specific places. The Mail-Followup-To (MFT)
+was created to enable just this. Two example scenarios where this is
+useful:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be
+sent to just the list, and not the poster as well. This will happen
+if the poster is already subscribed to the list.
+
+@item
+A mailing list poster can use MFT to express that responses should be
+sent to the list and the poster as well. This will happen if the poster
+is not subscribed to the list.
+
+@item
+If a message is posted to several mailing lists, MFT may also be used
+to direct the following discussion to one list only, because
+discussions that are spread over several lists tend to be fragmented
+and very difficult to follow.
+
+@end itemize
+
+Gnus honors the MFT header in other's messages (i.e. while following
+up to someone else's post) and also provides support for generating
+sensible MFT headers for outgoing messages as well.
+
+@c @menu
+@c * Honoring an MFT post:: What to do when one already exists
+@c * Composing with a MFT header:: Creating one from scratch.
+@c @end menu
+
+@c @node Composing with a MFT header
+@subsection Composing a correct MFT header automagically
+
+The first step in getting Gnus to automagically generate a MFT header
+in posts you make is to give Gnus a list of the mailing lists
+addresses you are subscribed to. You can do this in more than one
+way. The following variables would come in handy.
+
+@table @code
+
+@vindex message-subscribed-addresses
+@item message-subscribed-addresses
+This should be a list of addresses the user is subscribed to. Its
+default value is @code{nil}. Example:
+@lisp
+(setq message-subscribed-addresses
+ '("ding@@gnus.org" "bing@@noose.org"))
+@end lisp
+
+@vindex message-subscribed-regexps
+@item message-subscribed-regexps
+This should be a list of regexps denoting the addresses of mailing
+lists subscribed to. Default value is @code{nil}. Example: If you
+want to achieve the same result as above:
+@lisp
+(setq message-subscribed-regexps
+ '("\\(ding@@gnus\\)\\|\\(bing@@noose\\)\\.org")
+@end lisp
+
+@vindex message-subscribed-address-functions
+@item message-subscribed-address-functions
+This can be a list of functions to be called (one at a time!!) to
+determine the value of MFT headers. It is advisable that these
+functions not take any arguments. Default value is @code{nil}.
+
+There is a pre-defined function in Gnus that is a good candidate for
+this variable. @code{gnus-find-subscribed-addresses} is a function
+that returns a list of addresses corresponding to the groups that have
+the @code{subscribed} (@pxref{Group Parameters, ,Group Parameters,
+gnus, The Gnus Manual}) group parameter set to a non-@code{nil} value.
+This is how you would do it.
+
+@lisp
+(setq message-subscribed-address-functions
+ '(gnus-find-subscribed-addresses))
+@end lisp
+
+@vindex message-subscribed-address-file
+@item message-subscribed-address-file
+You might be one organised human freak and have a list of addresses of
+all subscribed mailing lists in a separate file! Then you can just
+set this variable to the name of the file and life would be good.
+
+@end table
+
+You can use one or more of the above variables. All their values are
+``added'' in some way that works :-)
+
+Now you are all set. Just start composing a message as you normally do.
+And just send it; as always. Just before the message is sent out, Gnus'
+MFT generation thingy kicks in and checks if the message already has a
+MFT field. If there is one, it is left alone. (Except if it's empty -
+in that case, the field is removed and is not replaced with an
+automatically generated one. This lets you disable MFT generation on a
+per-message basis.) If there is none, then the list of recipient
+addresses (in the To: and Cc: headers) is checked to see if one of them
+is a list address you are subscribed to. If none of them is a list
+address, then no MFT is generated; otherwise, a MFT is added to the
+other headers and set to the value of all addresses in To: and Cc:
+
+@kindex C-c C-f C-a
+@findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to
+@kindex C-c C-f C-m
+@findex message-goto-mail-followup-to
+Hm. ``So'', you ask, ``what if I send an email to a list I am not
+subscribed to? I want my MFT to say that I want an extra copy.'' (This
+is supposed to be interpreted by others the same way as if there were no
+MFT, but you can use an explicit MFT to override someone else's
+to-address group parameter.) The function
+@code{message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to} might come in
+handy. It is bound to @kbd{C-c C-f C-a} by default. In any case, you
+can insert a MFT of your own choice; @kbd{C-c C-f C-m}
+(@code{message-goto-mail-followup-to}) will help you get started.
+
+@c @node Honoring an MFT post
+@subsection Honoring an MFT post
+
+@vindex message-use-mail-followup-to
+When you followup to a post on a mailing list, and the post has a MFT
+header, Gnus' action will depend on the value of the variable
+@code{message-use-mail-followup-to}. This variable can be one of:
+
+@table @code
+@item use
+ Always honor MFTs. The To: and Cc: headers in your followup will be
+ derived from the MFT header of the original post. This is the default.
+
+@item nil
+ Always dishonor MFTs (just ignore the darned thing)
+
+@item ask
+Gnus will prompt you for an action.
+
+@end table
+
+It is considered good netiquette to honor MFT, as it is assumed the
+fellow who posted a message knows where the followups need to go
+better than you do.
+
@node Commands
@chapter Commands
@menu
-* Header Commands:: Commands for moving to headers.
+* Buffer Entry:: Commands after entering a Message buffer.
+* Header Commands:: Commands for moving headers or changing headers.
* Movement:: Moving around in message buffers.
* Insertion:: Inserting things into message buffers.
-* MIME:: @sc{mime} considerations.
+* MIME:: @acronym{MIME} considerations.
+* IDNA:: Non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name considerations.
* Security:: Signing and encrypting messages.
* Various Commands:: Various things.
* Sending:: Actually sending the message.
* Mail Aliases:: How to use mail aliases.
+* Spelling:: Having Emacs check your spelling.
@end menu
+@node Buffer Entry
+@section Buffer Entry
+@cindex undo
+@kindex C-_
+
+You most often end up in a Message buffer when responding to some other
+message of some sort. Message does lots of handling of quoted text, and
+may remove signatures, reformat the text, or the like---depending on
+which used settings you're using. Message usually gets things right,
+but sometimes it stumbles. To help the user unwind these stumblings,
+Message sets the undo boundary before each major automatic action it
+takes. If you press the undo key (usually located at @kbd{C-_}) a few
+times, you will get back the un-edited message you're responding to.
+
+
@node Header Commands
@section Header Commands
-All these commands move to the header in question. If it doesn't exist,
-it will be inserted.
+@subsection Commands for moving to headers
+
+These following commands move to the header in question. If it doesn't
+exist, it will be inserted.
@table @kbd
@item C-c ?
@kindex C-c ?
-@findex message-goto-to
+@findex describe-mode
Describe the message mode.
@item C-c C-f C-t
@findex message-goto-to
Go to the @code{To} header (@code{message-goto-to}).
+@item C-c C-f C-o
+@kindex C-c C-f C-o
+@findex message-goto-from
+Go to the @code{From} header (@code{message-goto-from}). (The ``o''
+in the key binding is for Originator.)
+
@item C-c C-f C-b
@kindex C-c C-f C-b
@findex message-goto-bcc
@findex message-goto-summary
Go to the @code{Summary} header (@code{message-goto-summary}).
+@item C-c C-f C-i
+@kindex C-c C-f C-i
+@findex message-insert-or-toggle-importance
+This inserts the @samp{Importance:} header with a value of
+@samp{high}. This header is used to signal the importance of the
+message to the receiver. If the header is already present in the
+buffer, it cycles between the three valid values according to RFC
+1376: @samp{low}, @samp{normal} and @samp{high}.
+
+@item C-c C-f C-a
+@kindex C-c C-f C-a
+@findex message-generate-unsubscribed-mail-followup-to
+Insert a reasonable @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header
+(@pxref{Mailing Lists}) in a post to an
+unsubscribed list. When making original posts to a mailing list you are
+not subscribed to, you have to type in a @samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header
+by hand. The contents, usually, are the addresses of the list and your
+own address. This function inserts such a header automatically. It
+fetches the contents of the @samp{To:} header in the current mail
+buffer, and appends the current @code{user-mail-address}.
+
+If the optional argument @code{include-cc} is non-@code{nil}, the
+addresses in the @samp{Cc:} header are also put into the
+@samp{Mail-Followup-To:} header.
+
+@end table
+
+@subsection Commands to change headers
+
+@table @kbd
+
+@item C-c C-o
+@kindex C-c C-o
+@findex message-sort-headers
+@vindex message-header-format-alist
+Sort headers according to @code{message-header-format-alist}
+(@code{message-sort-headers}).
+
+@item C-c C-t
+@kindex C-c C-t
+@findex message-insert-to
+Insert a @code{To} header that contains the @code{Reply-To} or
+@code{From} header of the message you're following up
+(@code{message-insert-to}).
+
+@item C-c C-n
+@kindex C-c C-n
+@findex message-insert-newsgroups
+Insert a @code{Newsgroups} header that reflects the @code{Followup-To}
+or @code{Newsgroups} header of the article you're replying to
+(@code{message-insert-newsgroups}).
+
+@item C-c C-l
+@kindex C-c C-l
+@findex message-to-list-only
+Send a message to the list only. Remove all addresses but the list
+address from @code{To:} and @code{Cc:} headers.
+
+@item C-c M-n
+@kindex C-c M-n
+@findex message-insert-disposition-notification-to
+Insert a request for a disposition
+notification. (@code{message-insert-disposition-notification-to}).
+This means that if the recipient support RFC 2298 she might send you a
+notification that she received the message.
+
+@item M-x message-insert-importance-high
+@kindex M-x message-insert-importance-high
+@findex message-insert-importance-high
+@cindex Importance
+Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{high},
+deleting headers if necessary.
+
+@item M-x message-insert-importance-low
+@kindex M-x message-insert-importance-low
+@findex message-insert-importance-low
+@cindex Importance
+Insert an @samp{Importance} header with a value of @samp{low}, deleting
+headers if necessary.
+
+@item C-c C-f s
+@kindex C-c C-f s
+@findex message-change-subject
+@cindex Subject
+Change the current @samp{Subject} header. Ask for new @samp{Subject}
+header and append @samp{(was: <Old Subject>)}. The old subject can be
+stripped on replying, see @code{message-subject-trailing-was-query}
+(@pxref{Message Headers}).
+
+@item C-c C-f x
+@kindex C-c C-f x
+@findex message-cross-post-followup-to
+@vindex message-cross-post-default
+@cindex X-Post
+@cindex cross-post
+Ask for an additional @samp{Newsgroups} and @samp{FollowUp-To} for a
+cross-post. @code{message-cross-post-followup-to} mangles
+@samp{FollowUp-To} and @samp{Newsgroups} header to point to group.
+If @code{message-cross-post-default} is @code{nil} or if called with a
+prefix-argument @samp{Follow-Up} is set, but the message is not
+cross-posted.
+
+@item C-c C-f t
+@kindex C-c C-f t
+@findex message-reduce-to-to-cc
+Replace contents of @samp{To} header with contents of @samp{Cc} or
+@samp{Bcc} header.
+
+@item C-c C-f w
+@kindex C-c C-f w
+@findex message-insert-wide-reply
+Insert @samp{To} and @samp{Cc} headers as if you were doing a wide
+reply.
+
+@item C-c C-f a
+@kindex C-c C-f a
+@findex message-add-archive-header
+@vindex message-archive-header
+@vindex message-archive-note
+@cindex X-No-Archive
+Insert @samp{X-No-Archive: Yes} in the header and a note in the body.
+The header and the note can be customized using
+@code{message-archive-header} and @code{message-archive-note}. When
+called with a prefix argument, ask for a text to insert. If you don't
+want the note in the body, set @code{message-archive-note} to
+@code{nil}.
+
@end table
@findex message-goto-signature
Move to the signature of the message (@code{message-goto-signature}).
+@item C-a
+@kindex C-a
+@findex message-beginning-of-line
+@vindex message-beginning-of-line
+If at beginning of header value, go to beginning of line, else go to
+beginning of header value. (The header value comes after the header
+name and the colon.) This behaviour can be disabled by toggling
+the variable @code{message-beginning-of-line}.
+
@end table
Yank the message that's being replied to into the message buffer
(@code{message-yank-original}).
-@item C-c M-C-y
-@kindex C-c M-C-y
+@item C-c C-M-y
+@kindex C-c C-M-y
@findex message-yank-buffer
Prompt for a buffer name and yank the contents of that buffer into the
message buffer (@code{message-yank-buffer}).
@findex message-insert-headers
Insert the message headers (@code{message-insert-headers}).
-@end table
-
-@table @code
-@item message-ignored-cited-headers
-@vindex message-ignored-cited-headers
-All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked
-messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be
-removed.
-
-@item message-cite-prefix-regexp
-@vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp
-Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line.
-
-@item message-citation-line-function
-@vindex message-citation-line-function
-Function called to insert the citation line. The default is
-@code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines
-that look like:
-
-@example
-Hallvard B Furuseth <h.b.furuseth@@usit.uio.no> writes:
-@end example
-
-Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this
-function is called.
-
-@item message-yank-prefix
-@vindex message-yank-prefix
-@cindex yanking
-@cindex quoting
-When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want
-to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done by
-@dfn{yanking}, and each quoted line you yank will have
-@code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it. The default is @samp{> }.
-
-@item message-indentation-spaces
-@vindex message-indentation-spaces
-Number of spaces to indent yanked messages.
-
-@item message-cite-function
-@vindex message-cite-function
-@findex message-cite-original
-@findex sc-cite-original
-@findex message-cite-original-without-signature
-@cindex Supercite
-Function for citing an original message. The default is
-@code{message-cite-original}, which simply inserts the original message
-and prepends @samp{> } to each line.
-@code{message-cite-original-without-signature} does the same, but elides
-the signature. You can also set it to @code{sc-cite-original} to use
-Supercite.
-
-@item message-indent-citation-function
-@vindex message-indent-citation-function
-Function for modifying a citation just inserted in the mail buffer.
-This can also be a list of functions. Each function can find the
-citation between @code{(point)} and @code{(mark t)}. And each function
-should leave point and mark around the citation text as modified.
-
-@item message-signature
-@vindex message-signature
-String to be inserted at the end of the message buffer. If @code{t}
-(which is the default), the @code{message-signature-file} file will be
-inserted instead. If a function, the result from the function will be
-used instead. If a form, the result from the form will be used instead.
-If this variable is @code{nil}, no signature will be inserted at all.
+@item C-c M-m
+@kindex C-c M-m
+@findex message-mark-inserted-region
+Mark some region in the current article with enclosing tags.
+See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}.
-@item message-signature-file
-@vindex message-signature-file
-File containing the signature to be inserted at the end of the buffer.
-The default is @samp{~/.signature}.
+@item C-c M-f
+@kindex C-c M-f
+@findex message-mark-insert-file
+Insert a file in the current article with enclosing tags.
+See @code{message-mark-insert-begin} and @code{message-mark-insert-end}.
@end table
-Note that RFC1036bis says that a signature should be preceded by the three
-characters @samp{-- } on a line by themselves. This is to make it
-easier for the recipient to automatically recognize and process the
-signature. So don't remove those characters, even though you might feel
-that they ruin your beautiful design, like, totally.
-
-Also note that no signature should be more than four lines long.
-Including ASCII graphics is an efficient way to get everybody to believe
-that you are silly and have nothing important to say.
-
@node MIME
@section MIME
@cindex multipart
@cindex attachment
-Message is a @sc{mime}-compliant posting agent. The user generally
-doesn't have to do anything to make the @sc{mime} happen---Message will
+Message is a @acronym{MIME}-compliant posting agent. The user generally
+doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{MIME} happen---Message will
automatically add the @code{Content-Type} and
@code{Content-Transfer-Encoding} headers.
The most typical thing users want to use the multipart things in
-@sc{mime} for is to add ``attachments'' to mail they send out. This can
-be done with the @code{C-c C-a} command, which will prompt for a file
-name and a @sc{mime} type.
+@acronym{MIME} for is to add ``attachments'' to mail they send out. This can
+be done with the @kbd{C-c C-a} command, which will prompt for a file
+name and a @acronym{MIME} type.
-You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the MML
+You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the @acronym{MML}
language (@pxref{Composing, , Composing, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME
Manual}).
+@node IDNA
+@section IDNA
+@cindex IDNA
+@cindex internationalized domain names
+@cindex non-ascii domain names
+
+Message is a @acronym{IDNA}-compliant posting agent. The user
+generally doesn't have to do anything to make the @acronym{IDNA}
+happen---Message will encode non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names in @code{From},
+@code{To}, and @code{Cc} headers automatically.
+
+Until @acronym{IDNA} becomes more well known, Message queries you
+whether @acronym{IDNA} encoding of the domain name really should
+occur. Some users might not be aware that domain names can contain
+non-@acronym{ASCII} now, so this gives them a safety net if they accidently
+typed a non-@acronym{ASCII} domain name.
+
+@vindex message-use-idna
+The @code{message-use-idna} variable control whether @acronym{IDNA} is
+used. If the variable is @code{nil} no @acronym{IDNA} encoding will
+ever happen, if it is set to the symbol @code{ask} the user will be
+queried (the default), and if set to @code{t} @acronym{IDNA} encoding
+happens automatically.
+
+@findex message-idna-to-ascii-rhs
+If you want to experiment with the @acronym{IDNA} encoding, you can
+invoke @kbd{M-x message-idna-to-ascii-rhs RET} in the message buffer
+to have the non-@acronym{ASCII} domain names encoded while you edit the message.
+
+Note that you must have @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/, GNU
+Libidn} installed in order to use this functionality.
+
@node Security
@section Security
@cindex Security
@cindex S/MIME
+@cindex PGP
@cindex PGP/MIME
@cindex sign
@cindex encrypt
+@cindex secure
-Using the MML language, Message is able to create digitally signed and
-digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather MML) currently support
-PGP/MIME and S/MIME. Instructing MML to perform security operations on
-a MIME part is done using the @code{M-m s} key map for signing and the
-@code{M-m c} key map for encryption, as follows.
+Using the @acronym{MML} language, Message is able to create digitally
+signed and digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather
+@acronym{MML}) currently support @acronym{PGP} (RFC 1991),
+@acronym{PGP/MIME} (RFC 2015/3156) and @acronym{S/MIME}. Instructing
+@acronym{MML} to perform security operations on a @acronym{MIME} part is
+done using the @kbd{C-c C-m s} key map for signing and the @kbd{C-c C-m
+c} key map for encryption, as follows.
@table @kbd
-@item M-m s s
-@kindex M-m s s
-@findex mml-secure-sign-smime
+@item C-c C-m s s
+@kindex C-c C-m s s
+@findex mml-secure-message-sign-smime
+
+Digitally sign current message using @acronym{S/MIME}.
+
+@item C-c C-m s o
+@kindex C-c C-m s o
+@findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgp
+
+Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP}.
+
+@item C-c C-m s p
+@kindex C-c C-m s p
+@findex mml-secure-message-sign-pgpmime
-Digitally sign current MIME part using S/MIME.
+Digitally sign current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}.
-@item M-m s p
-@kindex M-m s p
-@findex mml-secure-sign-pgp
+@item C-c C-m c s
+@kindex C-c C-m c s
+@findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-smime
-Digitally sign current MIME part using PGP/MIME.
+Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{S/MIME}.
-@item M-m c s
-@kindex M-m c s
-@findex mml-secure-encrypt-smime
+@item C-c C-m c o
+@kindex C-c C-m c o
+@findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgp
-Digitally encrypt current MIME part using S/MIME.
+Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP}.
-@item M-m c p
-@kindex M-m c p
-@findex mml-secure-encrypt-pgpmime
+@item C-c C-m c p
+@kindex C-c C-m c p
+@findex mml-secure-message-encrypt-pgpmime
-Digitally encrypt current MIME part using PGP/MIME.
+Digitally encrypt current message using @acronym{PGP/MIME}.
+
+@item C-c C-m C-n
+@kindex C-c C-m C-n
+@findex mml-unsecure-message
+Remove security related @acronym{MML} tags from message.
@end table
These commands do not immediately sign or encrypt the message, they
-merely insert proper MML tags to instruct the MML engine to perform that
-operation when the message is actually sent. They may perform other
-operations too, such as locating and retrieving a S/MIME certificate of
-the person you wish to send encrypted mail to.
+merely insert the proper @acronym{MML} secure tag to instruct the
+@acronym{MML} engine to perform that operation when the message is
+actually sent. They may perform other operations too, such as locating
+and retrieving a @acronym{S/MIME} certificate of the person you wish to
+send encrypted mail to. When the mml parsing engine converts your
+@acronym{MML} into a properly encoded @acronym{MIME} message, the secure
+tag will be replaced with either a part or a multipart tag. If your
+message contains other mml parts, a multipart tag will be used; if no
+other parts are present in your message a single part tag will be used.
+This way, message mode will do the Right Thing (TM) with
+signed/encrypted multipart messages.
Since signing and especially encryption often is used when sensitive
information is sent, you may want to have some way to ensure that your
mail is actually signed or encrypted. After invoking the above
sign/encrypt commands, it is possible to preview the raw article by
-using @code{C-u M-m P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can verify that
-your long rant about what your ex-significant other or whomever actually
-did with that funny looking person at that strange party the other
-night, actually will be sent encrypted.
+using @kbd{C-u C-c RET P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can
+verify that your long rant about what your ex-significant other or
+whomever actually did with that funny looking person at that strange
+party the other night, actually will be sent encrypted.
+
+@emph{Note!} Neither @acronym{PGP/MIME} nor @acronym{S/MIME} encrypt/signs
+RFC822 headers. They only operate on the @acronym{MIME} object. Keep this
+in mind before sending mail with a sensitive Subject line.
-@emph{Note!} Neither PGP/MIME nor S/MIME encrypt/signs RFC822 headers.
-They only operate on the MIME object. Keep this in mind before sending
-mail with a sensitive Subject line.
+By default, when encrypting a message, Gnus will use the
+``signencrypt'' mode, which means the message is both signed and
+encrypted. If you would like to disable this for a particular
+message, give the @code{mml-secure-message-encrypt-*} command a prefix
+argument, e.g., @kbd{C-u C-c C-m c p}.
Actually using the security commands above is not very difficult. At
least not compared with making sure all involved programs talk with each
@subsection Using S/MIME
@emph{Note!} This section assume you have a basic familiarity with
-modern cryptography, S/MIME, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and so on.
-
-The S/MIME support in Message (and MML) require OpenSSL. OpenSSL
-perform the actual S/MIME sign/encrypt operations. OpenSSL can be found
-at @code{http://www.openssl.org/}. OpenSSL 0.9.5a and later should
-work. However, version 0.9.5a insert a spurious CR character into MIME
-separators so you may wish to avoid it if you would like to avoid being
-regarded as someone who send strange mail. (Although by sending S/MIME
-messages you've probably already lost that contest.)
+modern cryptography, @acronym{S/MIME}, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and
+so on.
+
+The @acronym{S/MIME} support in Message (and @acronym{MML}) require
+OpenSSL. OpenSSL performs the actual @acronym{S/MIME} sign/encrypt
+operations. OpenSSL can be found at @uref{http://www.openssl.org/}.
+OpenSSL 0.9.6 and later should work. Version 0.9.5a cannot extract mail
+addresses from certificates, and it insert a spurious CR character into
+@acronym{MIME} separators so you may wish to avoid it if you would like
+to avoid being regarded as someone who send strange mail. (Although by
+sending @acronym{S/MIME} messages you've probably already lost that
+contest.)
To be able to send encrypted mail, a personal certificate is not
-required. Message (MML) need a certificate for the person to whom you
+required. Message (@acronym{MML}) need a certificate for the person to whom you
wish to communicate with though. You're asked for this when you type
-@code{M-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this
-certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local file,
-it need to contain a X.509 certificate in PEM format. If you chose DNS,
-you're asked for the domain name where the certificate is stored, the
-default is a good guess. To my belief, Message (MML) is the first mail
-agent in the world to support retrieving S/MIME certificates from DNS,
-so you're not likely to find very many certificates out there. At least
-there should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}.
-LDAP is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for
-it is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the
+@kbd{C-c C-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this
+certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local
+file, it need to contain a X.509 certificate in @acronym{PEM} format.
+If you chose DNS, you're asked for the domain name where the
+certificate is stored, the default is a good guess. To my belief,
+Message (@acronym{MML}) is the first mail agent in the world to support
+retrieving @acronym{S/MIME} certificates from DNS, so you're not
+likely to find very many certificates out there. At least there
+should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}. LDAP
+is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for it
+is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the
command line to retrieve a certificate into a file and use it.)
As for signing messages, OpenSSL can't perform signing operations
without some kind of configuration. Especially, you need to tell it
-where your private key and your certificate is stored. MML uses an
-Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it contain
-a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try @code{M-x
-customize-group RET smime RET} and look around.
-
-Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create your
-own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this manually
-with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape and got a
-free S/MIME certificate from one of the big CA's on the net. Netscape
-is able to export your private key and certificate in PKCS #12 format.
-Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509 certificate in PEM format
-as follows.
+where your private key and your certificate is stored. @acronym{MML}
+uses an Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it
+contain a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try
+@kbd{M-x customize-group RET smime RET} and look around.
+
+Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create
+your own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this
+manually with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape
+and got a free @acronym{S/MIME} certificate from one of the big CA's on the
+net. Netscape is able to export your private key and certificate in
+PKCS #12 format. Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509
+certificate in PEM format as follows.
@example
$ openssl pkcs12 -in ns.p12 -clcerts -nodes > key+cert.pem
@end example
-The @code{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the
+The @file{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the
@code{smime-keys} variable. You should now be able to send signed mail.
-@emph{Note!} Your private key is store unencrypted in the file, so take
-care in handling it.
+@emph{Note!} Your private key is now stored unencrypted in the file,
+so take care in handling it. Storing encrypted keys on the disk are
+supported, and Gnus will ask you for a passphrase before invoking
+OpenSSL. Read the OpenSSL documentation for how to achieve this. If
+you use unencrypted keys (e.g., if they are on a secure storage, or if
+you are on a secure single user machine) simply press @code{RET} at
+the passphrase prompt.
@subsection Using PGP/MIME
-PGP/MIME require an external OpenPGP implementation, such as GNU Privacy
-Guard (@code{http://www.gnupg.org/}. It also require a Emacs interface
-to it, such as Mailcrypt (available from
-@code{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html}) or
-Florian Weimer's @code{gpg.el}.
+@acronym{PGP/MIME} requires an external OpenPGP implementation, such
+as @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/, GNU Privacy Guard}. Pre-OpenPGP
+implementations such as PGP 2.x and PGP 5.x are also supported. One
+Emacs interface to the PGP implementations, PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG,
+pgg, PGG Manual}), is included, but Mailcrypt and Florian Weimer's
+@code{gpg.el} are also supported.
+
+@vindex gpg-temp-directory
+Note, if you are using the @code{gpg.el} you must make sure that the
+directory specified by @code{gpg-temp-directory} have permissions
+0700.
+
+Creating your own key is described in detail in the documentation of
+your PGP implementation, so we refer to it.
+
+If you have imported your old PGP 2.x key into GnuPG, and want to send
+signed and encrypted messages to your fellow PGP 2.x users, you'll
+discover that the receiver cannot understand what you send. One
+solution is to use PGP 2.x instead (i.e., if you use @code{pgg}, set
+@code{pgg-default-scheme} to @code{pgp}). If you do want to use
+GnuPG, you can use a compatibility script called @code{gpg-2comp}
+available from
+@uref{http://muppet.faveve.uni-stuttgart.de/~gero/gpg-2comp/}. You
+could also convince your fellow PGP 2.x users to convert to GnuPG.
+@vindex mml-signencrypt-style-alist
+As a final workaround, you can make the sign and encryption work in
+two steps; separately sign, then encrypt a message. If you would like
+to change this behavior you can customize the
+@code{mml-signencrypt-style-alist} variable. For example:
+
+@lisp
+(setq mml-signencrypt-style-alist '(("smime" separate)
+ ("pgp" separate)
+ ("pgpauto" separate)
+ ("pgpmime" separate)))
+@end lisp
+
+This causes to sign and encrypt in two passes, thus generating a
+message that can be understood by PGP version 2.
-Creating your own OpenPGP key is described in detail in the
-documentation of your OpenPGP implementation, so we refer to it.
+(Refer to @uref{http://www.gnupg.org/gph/en/pgp2x.html} for more
+information about the problem.)
@node Various Commands
@section Various Commands
@item C-c C-e
@kindex C-c C-e
@findex message-elide-region
+@vindex message-elide-ellipsis
Elide the text between point and mark (@code{message-elide-region}).
The text is killed and replaced with the contents of the variable
-@code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis
+@code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis
(@samp{[...]}).
@item C-c C-z
@item M-RET
@kindex M-RET
-@kindex message-newline-and-reformat
+@findex message-newline-and-reformat
Insert four newlines, and then reformat if inside quoted text.
Here's an example:
@samp{*} says where point will be placed.
-@item C-c C-t
-@kindex C-c C-t
-@findex message-insert-to
-Insert a @code{To} header that contains the @code{Reply-To} or
-@code{From} header of the message you're following up
-(@code{message-insert-to}).
-
-@item C-c C-n
-@kindex C-c C-n
-@findex message-insert-newsgroups
-Insert a @code{Newsgroups} header that reflects the @code{Followup-To}
-or @code{Newsgroups} header of the article you're replying to
-(@code{message-insert-newsgroups}).
-
@item C-c M-r
@kindex C-c M-r
@findex message-rename-buffer
Rename the buffer (@code{message-rename-buffer}). If given a prefix,
prompt for a new buffer name.
+@item TAB
+@kindex TAB
+@findex message-tab
+@vindex message-tab-body-function
+If non-@code{nil} execute the function specified in
+@code{message-tab-body-function}. Otherwise use the function bound to
+@kbd{TAB} in @code{text-mode-map} or @code{global-map}.
+
@end table
expansions have to be done explicitly.
+@node Spelling
+@section Spelling
+@cindex spelling
+@findex ispell-message
+
+There are two popular ways to have Emacs spell-check your messages:
+@code{ispell} and @code{flyspell}. @code{ispell} is the older and
+probably more popular package. You typically first write the message,
+and then run the entire thing through @code{ispell} and fix all the
+typos. To have this happen automatically when you send a message, put
+something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
+
+@lisp
+(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message)
+@end lisp
+
+@vindex ispell-message-dictionary-alist
+If you're in the habit of writing in different languages, this can be
+controlled by the @code{ispell-message-dictionary-alist} variable:
+
+@lisp
+(setq ispell-message-dictionary-alist
+ '(("^Newsgroups:.*\\bde\\." . "deutsch8")
+ (".*" . "default")))
+@end lisp
+
+@code{ispell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command
+installed.
+
+The other popular method is using @code{flyspell}. This package checks
+your spelling while you're writing, and marks any mis-spelled words in
+various ways.
+
+To use @code{flyspell}, put something like the following in your
+@file{.emacs} file:
+
+@lisp
+(defun my-message-setup-routine ()
+ (flyspell-mode 1))
+(add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'my-message-setup-routine)
+@end lisp
+
+@code{flyspell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command
+installed.
+
@node Variables
@chapter Variables
* Mail Variables:: Other mail variables.
* News Headers:: Customizing news headers.
* News Variables:: Other news variables.
+* Insertion Variables:: Customizing how things are inserted.
* Various Message Variables:: Other message variables.
* Sending Variables:: Variables for sending.
* Message Buffers:: How Message names its buffers.
@item message-generate-headers-first
@vindex message-generate-headers-first
-If non-@code{nil}, generate all headers before starting to compose the
-message.
+If @code{t}, generate all required headers before starting to
+compose the message. This can also be a list of headers to generate:
+
+@lisp
+(setq message-generate-headers-first
+ '(References))
+@end lisp
+
+@vindex message-required-headers
+The variables @code{message-required-headers},
+@code{message-required-mail-headers} and
+@code{message-required-news-headers} specify which headers are
+required.
+
+Note that some headers will be removed and re-generated before posting,
+because of the variable @code{message-deletable-headers} (see below).
+
+@item message-draft-headers
+@vindex message-draft-headers
+When running Message from Gnus, the message buffers are associated
+with a draft group. @code{message-draft-headers} says which headers
+should be generated when a draft is written to the draft group.
@item message-from-style
@vindex message-from-style
@item message-subject-re-regexp
@vindex message-subject-re-regexp
+@cindex Aw
+@cindex Sv
+@cindex Re
Responses to messages have subjects that start with @samp{Re: }. This
-is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but in
+is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but is
Latin, and means ``in response to''. Some illiterate nincompoops have
failed to grasp this fact, and have ``internationalized'' their software
-to use abonimations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: }
+to use abominations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: }
(``svar'') instead, which is meaningless and evil. However, you may
have to deal with users that use these evil tools, in which case you may
set this variable to a regexp that matches these prefixes. Myself, I
just throw away non-compliant mail.
+Here's an example of a value to deal with these headers when
+responding to a message:
+
+@lisp
+(setq message-subject-re-regexp
+ (concat
+ "^[ \t]*"
+ "\\("
+ "\\("
+ "[Aa][Nn][Tt][Ww]\\.?\\|" ; antw
+ "[Aa][Ww]\\|" ; aw
+ "[Ff][Ww][Dd]?\\|" ; fwd
+ "[Oo][Dd][Pp]\\|" ; odp
+ "[Rr][Ee]\\|" ; re
+ "[Rr][\311\351][Ff]\\.?\\|" ; ref
+ "[Ss][Vv]" ; sv
+ "\\)"
+ "\\(\\[[0-9]*\\]\\)"
+ "*:[ \t]*"
+ "\\)"
+ "*[ \t]*"
+ ))
+@end lisp
+
+@item message-subject-trailing-was-query
+@vindex message-subject-trailing-was-query
+@vindex message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp
+@vindex message-subject-trailing-was-regexp
+Controls what to do with trailing @samp{(was: <old subject>)} in subject
+lines. If @code{nil}, leave the subject unchanged. If it is the symbol
+@code{ask}, query the user what do do. In this case, the subject is
+matched against @code{message-subject-trailing-was-ask-regexp}. If
+@code{message-subject-trailing-was-query} is t, always strip the
+trailing old subject. In this case,
+@code{message-subject-trailing-was-regexp} is used.
+
@item message-alternative-emails
@vindex message-alternative-emails
A regexp to match the alternative email addresses. The first matched
address (not primary one) is used in the @code{From} field.
+@item message-allow-no-recipients
+@vindex message-allow-no-recipients
+Specifies what to do when there are no recipients other than
+@code{Gcc} or @code{Fcc}. If it is @code{always}, the posting is
+allowed. If it is @code{never}, the posting is not allowed. If it is
+@code{ask} (the default), you are prompted.
+
+@item message-hidden-headers
+@vindex message-hidden-headers
+A regexp, a list of regexps, or a list where the first element is
+@code{not} and the rest are regexps. It says which headers to keep
+hidden when composing a message.
+
+@lisp
+(setq message-hidden-headers
+ '(not "From" "Subject" "To" "Cc" "Newsgroups"))
+@end lisp
+
@end table
@vindex message-required-mail-headers
@xref{News Headers}, for the syntax of this variable. It is
@code{(From Date Subject (optional . In-Reply-To) Message-ID Lines
-(optional . X-Mailer))} by default.
+(optional . User-Agent))} by default.
@item message-ignored-mail-headers
@vindex message-ignored-mail-headers
Regexp of headers to be removed before mailing. The default is
-@samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:}.
+@samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^Xref:\\|^X-Draft-From:}.
@item message-default-mail-headers
@vindex message-default-mail-headers
@table @code
@item message-send-mail-function
@vindex message-send-mail-function
+@findex message-send-mail-with-sendmail
+@findex message-send-mail-with-mh
+@findex message-send-mail-with-qmail
+@findex message-smtpmail-send-it
+@findex smtpmail-send-it
+@findex feedmail-send-it
Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is
-@code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. If you prefer using MH
-instead, set this variable to @code{message-send-mail-with-mh}.
+@code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. Other valid values include
+@code{message-send-mail-with-mh}, @code{message-send-mail-with-qmail},
+@code{message-smtpmail-send-it}, @code{smtpmail-send-it} and
+@code{feedmail-send-it}.
@item message-mh-deletable-headers
@vindex message-mh-deletable-headers
messages via MH. Set it to @code{nil} if your MH can handle these
headers.
+@item message-qmail-inject-program
+@vindex message-qmail-inject-program
+@cindex qmail
+Location of the qmail-inject program.
+
+@item message-qmail-inject-args
+@vindex message-qmail-inject-args
+Arguments passed to qmail-inject programs.
+This should be a list of strings, one string for each argument. It
+may also be a function.
+
+For e.g., if you wish to set the envelope sender address so that bounces
+go to the right place or to deal with listserv's usage of that address, you
+might set this variable to @code{'("-f" "you@@some.where")}.
+
+@item message-sendmail-f-is-evil
+@vindex message-sendmail-f-is-evil
+@cindex sendmail
+Non-@code{nil} means don't add @samp{-f username} to the sendmail
+command line. Doing so would be even more evil than leaving it out.
+
+@item message-sendmail-envelope-from
+@vindex message-sendmail-envelope-from
+When @code{message-sendmail-f-is-evil} is @code{nil}, this specifies
+the address to use in the @acronym{SMTP} envelope. If it is
+@code{nil}, use @code{user-mail-address}. If it is the symbol
+@code{header}, use the @samp{From} header of the message.
+
+@item message-mailer-swallows-blank-line
+@vindex message-mailer-swallows-blank-line
+Set this to non-@code{nil} if the system's mailer runs the header and
+body together. (This problem exists on SunOS 4 when sendmail is run
+in remote mode.) The value should be an expression to test whether
+the problem will actually occur.
+
+@item message-send-mail-partially-limit
+@vindex message-send-mail-partially-limit
+@cindex split large message
+The limitation of messages sent as message/partial. The lower bound
+of message size in characters, beyond which the message should be sent
+in several parts. If it is @code{nil}, the size is unlimited.
+
@end table
@item Organization
@cindex organization
+@vindex message-user-organization
+@vindex message-user-organization-file
This optional header will be filled out depending on the
@code{message-user-organization} variable.
@code{message-user-organization-file} will be used if this variable is
@item Message-ID
@cindex Message-ID
+@vindex message-user-fqdn
@vindex mail-host-address
+@vindex user-mail-address
@findex system-name
@cindex Sun
+@cindex i-did-not-set--mail-host-address--so-tickle-me
This required header will be generated by Message. A unique ID will be
-created based on the date, time, user name and system name. Message
-will use @code{system-name} to determine the name of the system. If
-this isn't a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), Message will use
-@code{mail-host-address} as the FQDN of the machine.
-
-@item X-Newsreader
-@cindex X-Newsreader
+created based on the date, time, user name and system name. For the
+domain part, message will look (in this order) at
+@code{message-user-fqdn}, @code{system-name}, @code{mail-host-address}
+and @code{message-user-mail-address} (i.e. @code{user-mail-address})
+until a probably valid fully qualified domain name (FQDN) was found.
+
+@item User-Agent
+@cindex User-Agent
This optional header will be filled out according to the
@code{message-newsreader} local variable.
-@item X-Mailer
-This optional header will be filled out according to the
-@code{message-mailer} local variable, unless there already is an
-@code{X-Newsreader} header present.
-
@item In-Reply-To
This optional header is filled out using the @code{Date} and @code{From}
header of the article being replied to.
@item Expires
@cindex Expires
+@vindex message-expires
This extremely optional header will be inserted according to the
@code{message-expires} variable. It is highly deprecated and shouldn't
be used unless you know what you're doing.
@item Distribution
@cindex Distribution
+@vindex message-distribution-function
This optional header is filled out according to the
@code{message-distribution-function} variable. It is a deprecated and
much misunderstood header.
@item Path
@cindex path
+@vindex message-user-path
This extremely optional header should probably never be used.
However, some @emph{very} old servers require that this header is
present. @code{message-user-path} further controls how this
@findex yow
@cindex Mime-Version
-In addition, you can enter conses into this list. The car of this cons
+In addition, you can enter conses into this list. The @sc{car} of this cons
should be a symbol. This symbol's name is the name of the header, and
-the cdr can either be a string to be entered verbatim as the value of
+the @sc{cdr} can either be a string to be entered verbatim as the value of
this header, or it can be a function to be called. This function should
return a string to be inserted. For instance, if you want to insert
@code{Mime-Version: 1.0}, you should enter @code{(Mime-Version . "1.0")}
something like @code{(X-Yow . yow)} into the list. The function
@code{yow} will then be called without any arguments.
-If the list contains a cons where the car of the cons is
-@code{optional}, the cdr of this cons will only be inserted if it is
+If the list contains a cons where the @sc{car} of the cons is
+@code{optional}, the @sc{cdr} of this cons will only be inserted if it is
non-@code{nil}.
+If you want to delete an entry from this list, the following Lisp
+snippet might be useful. Adjust accordingly if you want to remove
+another element.
+
+@lisp
+(setq message-required-news-headers
+ (delq 'Message-ID message-required-news-headers))
+@end lisp
+
Other variables for customizing outgoing news articles:
@table @code
@item message-ignored-news-headers
@vindex message-ignored-news-headers
Regexp of headers to be removed before posting. The default is@*
-@samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:}.
+@samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^X-Draft-From:}.
@item message-default-news-headers
@vindex message-default-news-headers
@end table
+@node Insertion Variables
+@section Insertion Variables
+
+@table @code
+@item message-ignored-cited-headers
+@vindex message-ignored-cited-headers
+All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked
+messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be
+removed.
+
+@item message-cite-prefix-regexp
+@vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp
+Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line.
+
+@item message-citation-line-function
+@vindex message-citation-line-function
+@cindex attribution line
+Function called to insert the citation line. The default is
+@code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines
+that look like:
+
+@example
+Hallvard B Furuseth <h.b.furuseth@@usit.uio.no> writes:
+@end example
+
+Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this
+function is called.
+
+Note that Gnus provides a feature where clicking on `writes:' hides the
+cited text. If you change the citation line too much, readers of your
+messages will have to adjust their Gnus, too. See the variable
+@code{gnus-cite-attribution-suffix}. @xref{Article Highlighting, ,
+Article Highlighting, gnus, The Gnus Manual}, for details.
+
+@item message-yank-prefix
+@vindex message-yank-prefix
+@cindex yanking
+@cindex quoting
+When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want
+to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done
+by @dfn{yanking}, and each line you yank will have
+@code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it (except for quoted and
+empty lines which uses @code{message-yank-cited-prefix}). The default
+is @samp{> }.
+
+@item message-yank-cited-prefix
+@vindex message-yank-cited-prefix
+@cindex yanking
+@cindex cited
+@cindex quoting
+When yanking text from an article which contains no text or already
+cited text, each line will be prefixed with the contents of this
+variable. The default is @samp{>}. See also
+@code{message-yank-prefix}.
+
+@item message-indentation-spaces
+@vindex message-indentation-spaces
+Number of spaces to indent yanked messages.
+
+@item message-cite-function
+@vindex message-cite-function
+@findex message-cite-original
+@findex sc-cite-original
+@findex message-cite-original-without-signature
+@cindex Supercite
+Function for citing an original message. The default is
+@code{message-cite-original}, which simply inserts the original message
+and prepends @samp{> } to each line.
+@code{message-cite-original-without-signature} does the same, but elides
+the signature. You can also set it to @code{sc-cite-original} to use
+Supercite.
+
+@item message-indent-citation-function
+@vindex message-indent-citation-function
+Function for modifying a citation just inserted in the mail buffer.
+This can also be a list of functions. Each function can find the
+citation between @code{(point)} and @code{(mark t)}. And each function
+should leave point and mark around the citation text as modified.
+
+@item message-mark-insert-begin
+@vindex message-mark-insert-begin
+String to mark the beginning of some inserted text.
+
+@item message-mark-insert-end
+@vindex message-mark-insert-end
+String to mark the end of some inserted text.
+
+@item message-signature
+@vindex message-signature
+String to be inserted at the end of the message buffer. If @code{t}
+(which is the default), the @code{message-signature-file} file will be
+inserted instead. If a function, the result from the function will be
+used instead. If a form, the result from the form will be used instead.
+If this variable is @code{nil}, no signature will be inserted at all.
+
+@item message-signature-file
+@vindex message-signature-file
+File containing the signature to be inserted at the end of the buffer.
+The default is @file{~/.signature}.
+
+@item message-signature-insert-empty-line
+@vindex message-signature-insert-empty-line
+If @code{t} (the default value) an empty line is inserted before the
+signature separator.
+
+@end table
+
+Note that RFC1036bis says that a signature should be preceded by the three
+characters @samp{-- } on a line by themselves. This is to make it
+easier for the recipient to automatically recognize and process the
+signature. So don't remove those characters, even though you might feel
+that they ruin your beautiful design, like, totally.
+
+Also note that no signature should be more than four lines long.
+Including @acronym{ASCII} graphics is an efficient way to get
+everybody to believe that you are silly and have nothing important to
+say.
+
+
@node Various Message Variables
@section Various Message Variables
@item message-default-charset
@vindex message-default-charset
@cindex charset
-Symbol naming a @sc{mime} charset. Non-ASCII characters in messages are
-assumed to be encoded using this charset. The default is @code{nil},
-which means ask the user. (This variable is used only on non-@sc{mule}
-Emacsen.
-@xref{Charset Translation, , Charset Translation, emacs-mime,
- Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on the @sc{mule}-to-@sc{mime}
-translation process.
+Symbol naming a @acronym{MIME} charset. Non-@acronym{ASCII}
+characters in messages are assumed to be encoded using this charset.
+The default is @code{nil}, which means ask the user. (This variable
+is used only on non-@sc{mule} Emacsen. @xref{Charset Translation, ,
+Charset Translation, emacs-mime, Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on
+the @sc{mule}-to-@acronym{MIME} translation process.
@item message-signature-separator
@vindex message-signature-separator
@vindex message-directory
Directory used by many mailey things. The default is @file{~/Mail/}.
+@item message-auto-save-directory
+@vindex message-auto-save-directory
+Directory where Message auto-saves buffers if Gnus isn't running. If
+@code{nil}, Message won't auto-save. The default is @file{~/Mail/drafts/}.
+
@item message-signature-setup-hook
@vindex message-signature-setup-hook
Hook run when initializing the message buffer. It is run after the
@lisp
(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'my-message-add-content)
(defun my-message-add-content ()
- (message-add-header
- "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense"
- "X-Whatever: no"))
+ (message-add-header "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense")
+ (message-add-header "X-Whatever: no"))
@end lisp
This function won't add the header if the header is already present.
@item message-send-mail-hook
@vindex message-send-mail-hook
-Hook run before sending mail messages.
+Hook run before sending mail messages. This hook is run very late --
+just before the message is actually sent as mail.
@item message-send-news-hook
@vindex message-send-news-hook
-Hook run before sending news messages.
+Hook run before sending news messages. This hook is run very late --
+just before the message is actually sent as news.
@item message-sent-hook
@vindex message-sent-hook
Hook run after sending messages.
+@item message-cancel-hook
+@vindex message-cancel-hook
+Hook run when canceling news articles.
+
@item message-mode-syntax-table
@vindex message-mode-syntax-table
Syntax table used in message mode buffers.
+@item message-strip-special-text-properties
+@vindex message-strip-special-text-properties
+Emacs has a number of special text properties which can break message
+composing in various ways. If this option is set, message will strip
+these properties from the message composition buffer. However, some
+packages requires these properties to be present in order to work. If
+you use one of these packages, turn this option off, and hope the
+message composition doesn't break too bad.
+
@item message-send-method-alist
@vindex message-send-method-alist
Alist of ways to send outgoing messages. Each element has the form
@lisp
-(TYPE PREDICATE FUNCTION)
+(@var{type} @var{predicate} @var{function})
@end lisp
@table @var
newsgroups the article has been posted to will be inserted there. If
this variable is @code{nil}, no such courtesy message will be added.
The default value is @samp{"The following message is a courtesy copy of
-an article\nthat has been posted to %s as well.\n\n"}.
+an article\\nthat has been posted to %s as well.\\n\\n"}.
+
+@item message-fcc-externalize-attachments
+@vindex message-fcc-externalize-attachments
+If @code{nil}, attach files as normal parts in Fcc copies; if it is
+non-@code{nil}, attach local files as external parts.
+
+@item message-interactive
+@vindex message-interactive
+If non-@code{nil} wait for and display errors when sending a message;
+if @code{nil} let the mailer mail back a message to report errors.
@end table
killed, postponed or exited.
An @dfn{action} can be either: a normal function, or a list where the
-@code{car} is a function and the @code{cdr} is the list of arguments, or
+@sc{car} is a function and the @sc{cdr} is the list of arguments, or
a form to be @code{eval}ed.
Message uses virtually only its own variables---older @code{mail-}
variables aren't consulted. To force Message to take those variables
-into account, you can put the following in your @code{.emacs} file:
+into account, you can put the following in your @file{.emacs} file:
@lisp
(require 'messcompat)
projects / gnus / blobdiff