* Server Buffer:: Making and editing virtual servers.
* Getting News:: Reading USENET news with Gnus.
-* Using @acronym{IMAP}:: Reading mail from @acronym{IMAP}.
+* Using IMAP:: Reading mail from @acronym{IMAP}.
* Getting Mail:: Reading your personal mail with Gnus.
* Browsing the Web:: Getting messages from a plethora of Web sources.
* Other Sources:: Reading directories, files.
* Compilation:: How to speed Gnus up.
* Mode Lines:: Displaying information in the mode lines.
* Highlighting and Menus:: Making buffers look all nice and cozy.
-* Buttons:: Get tendinitis in ten easy steps!
* Daemons:: Gnus can do things behind your back.
-* NoCeM:: How to avoid spam and other fatty foods.
* Undo:: Some actions can be undone.
* Predicate Specifiers:: Specifying predicates.
* Moderation:: What to do if you're a moderator.
* Smileys:: Show all those happy faces the way they were
meant to be shown.
* Picons:: How to display pictures of what you're reading.
+* Gravatars:: Display the avatar of people you read.
* XVarious:: Other XEmacsy Gnusey variables.
Thwarting Email Spam
If that fails as well, Gnus will try to use the machine running Emacs
as an @acronym{NNTP} server. That's a long shot, though.
-@vindex gnus-nntp-server
-If @code{gnus-nntp-server} is set, this variable will override
-@code{gnus-select-method}. You should therefore set
-@code{gnus-nntp-server} to @code{nil}, which is what it is by default.
-
-@vindex gnus-secondary-servers
-@vindex gnus-nntp-server
-You can also make Gnus prompt you interactively for the name of an
-@acronym{NNTP} server. If you give a non-numerical prefix to @code{gnus}
-(i.e., @kbd{C-u M-x gnus}), Gnus will let you choose between the servers
-in the @code{gnus-secondary-servers} list (if any). You can also just
-type in the name of any server you feel like visiting. (Note that this
-will set @code{gnus-nntp-server}, which means that if you then @kbd{M-x
-gnus} later in the same Emacs session, Gnus will contact the same
-server.)
-
@findex gnus-group-browse-foreign-server
@kindex B (Group)
However, if you use one @acronym{NNTP} server regularly and are just
@vindex gnus-no-groups-message
Message displayed by Gnus when no groups are available.
-@item gnus-play-startup-jingle
-@vindex gnus-play-startup-jingle
-If non-@code{nil}, play the Gnus jingle at startup.
-
-@item gnus-startup-jingle
-@vindex gnus-startup-jingle
-Jingle to be played if the above variable is non-@code{nil}. The
-default is @samp{Tuxedomoon.Jingle4.au}.
-
@item gnus-use-backend-marks
@vindex gnus-use-backend-marks
If non-@code{nil}, Gnus will store article marks both in the
@section Subscription Commands
@cindex subscription
+The following commands allow for managing your subscriptions in the
+Group buffer. If you want to subscribe to many groups, it's probably
+more convenient to go to the @ref{Server Buffer}, and choose the
+server there using @kbd{RET} or @kbd{SPC}. Then you'll have the
+commands listed in @ref{Browse Foreign Server} at hand.
+
@table @kbd
@item S t
All groups with a level less than or equal to
@code{gnus-group-default-list-level} will be listed in the group buffer
by default.
+This variable can also be a function. In that case, that function will
+be called and the result will be used as value.
+
@vindex gnus-group-list-inactive-groups
If @code{gnus-group-list-inactive-groups} is non-@code{nil}, non-active
Top, sieve, Emacs Sieve}.
@item (agent parameters)
-If the agent has been enabled, you can set any of the its parameters
-to control the behavior of the agent in individual groups. See Agent
+If the agent has been enabled, you can set any of its parameters to
+control the behavior of the agent in individual groups. See Agent
Parameters in @ref{Category Syntax}. Most users will choose to set
agent parameters in either an agent category or group topic to
minimize the configuration effort.
@item u
@kindex u (Browse)
@findex gnus-browse-unsubscribe-current-group
+@vindex gnus-browse-subscribe-newsgroup-method
Unsubscribe to the current group, or, as will be the case here,
-subscribe to it (@code{gnus-browse-unsubscribe-current-group}).
+subscribe to it (@code{gnus-browse-unsubscribe-current-group}). You
+can affect the way the new group is entered into the Group buffer
+using the variable @code{gnus-browse-subscribe-newsgroup-method}. See
+@pxref{Subscription Methods} for available options.
@item l
@itemx q
server exclusively for @code{nnmairix} in your secondary select methods
(@pxref{Finding the News}). If you use a secondary @code{nnml} server
just for mairix, make sure that you explicitly set the server variable
-@code{nnml-get-new-mail} to @code{nil}, or you might loose mail
+@code{nnml-get-new-mail} to @code{nil}, or you might lose mail
(@pxref{nnmairix caveats}). If you want to use mairix remotely on an
@acronym{IMAP} server, you have to choose the corresponding
@code{nnimap} server here.
If fetching from the first site is unsuccessful, Gnus will attempt to go
through @code{gnus-group-faq-directory} and try to open them one by one.
-@item H C
-@kindex H C (Group)
-@findex gnus-group-fetch-control
-@vindex gnus-group-fetch-control-use-browse-url
-@cindex control message
-Fetch the control messages for the group from the archive at
-@code{ftp.isc.org} (@code{gnus-group-fetch-control}). Query for a
-group if given a prefix argument.
-
-If @code{gnus-group-fetch-control-use-browse-url} is non-@code{nil},
-Gnus will open the control messages in a browser using
-@code{browse-url}. Otherwise they are fetched using @code{ange-ftp}
-and displayed in an ephemeral group.
-
-Note that the control messages are compressed. To use this command
-you need to turn on @code{auto-compression-mode} (@pxref{Compressed
-Files, ,Compressed Files, emacs, The Emacs Manual}).
-
@item H d
@itemx C-c C-d
@c @icon{gnus-group-describe-group}
@findex gnus-summary-show-article
@vindex gnus-summary-show-article-charset-alist
(Re)fetch the current article (@code{gnus-summary-show-article}). If
-given a prefix, fetch the current article, but don't run any of the
-article treatment functions. This will give you a ``raw'' article, just
-the way it came from the server.
+given a prefix, show a completely ``raw'' article, just the way it
+came from the server. If given a prefix twice (i.e., @kbd{C-u C-u
+g'}), fetch the current article, but don't run any of the article
+treatment functions.
@cindex charset, view article with different charset
If given a numerical prefix, you can do semi-manual charset stuff.
corresponding regular expression in @code{gnus-article-banner-alist} is
used.
+For instance:
+
+@lisp
+(setq gnus-article-banner-alist
+ ((googleGroups .
+ "^\n*--~--~---------\\(.+\n\\)+")))
+@end lisp
+
Regardless of a group, you can hide things like advertisements only when
the sender of an article has a certain mail address specified in
@code{gnus-article-address-banner-alist}.
like @code{\222} or @code{\264} where you're expecting some kind of
apostrophe or quotation mark, then try this wash.
+@item W U
+@kindex W U (Summary)
+@findex gnus-article-treat-non-ascii
+@cindex Unicode
+@cindex Non-@acronym{ASCII}
+Translate many non-@acronym{ASCII} characters into their
+@acronym{ASCII} equivalents (@code{gnus-article-treat-non-ascii}).
+This is mostly useful if you're on a terminal that has a limited font
+and does't show accented characters, ``advanced'' punctuation, and the
+like. For instance, @samp{ยป} is tranlated into @samp{>>}, and so on.
+
@item W Y f
@kindex W Y f (Summary)
@findex gnus-article-outlook-deuglify-article
the charset defined in @code{gnus-summary-show-article-charset-alist}
(@pxref{Paging the Article}) will be used.
-@vindex gnus-article-wash-function
The default is to use the function specified by
@code{mm-text-html-renderer} (@pxref{Display Customization, ,Display
Customization, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME Manual}) to convert the
-@acronym{HTML}, but this is controlled by the
-@code{gnus-article-wash-function} variable. Pre-defined functions you
-can use include:
+@acronym{HTML}. Pre-defined functions you can use include:
@table @code
-@item gnus-article-html
+@item shr
+Use Gnus simple html renderer.
+
+@item gnus-w3m
Use Gnus rendered based on w3m.
@item w3
@item A C
@vindex gnus-fetch-partial-articles
@findex gnus-summary-show-complete-article
-If @code{gnus-fetch-partial-articles} is non-@code{nil}, Gnus will
+If @code{<backend>-fetch-partial-articles} is non-@code{nil}, Gnus will
fetch partial articles, if the backend it fetches them from supports
it. Currently only @code{nnimap} does. If you're looking at a
partial article, and want to see the complete article instead, then
@code{nnbabyl}, @code{nnmaildir}, @code{nnml}, are able to locate
articles from any groups, while @code{nnfolder}, and @code{nnimap} are
only able to locate articles that have been posted to the current
-group. (Anything else would be too time consuming.) @code{nnmh} does
-not support this at all.
+group. @code{nnmh} does not support this at all.
+Fortunately, the special @code{nnregistry} back end is able to locate
+articles in any groups, regardless of their back end (@pxref{Registry
+Article Refer Method, fetching by @code{Message-ID} using the
+registry}).
@node Alternative Approaches
@section Alternative Approaches
posted it to several groups separately. Posting the same article to
several groups (not cross-posting) is called @dfn{spamming}, and you are
by law required to send nasty-grams to anyone who perpetrates such a
-heinous crime. You may want to try NoCeM handling to filter out spam
-(@pxref{NoCeM}).
+heinous crime.
Remember: Cross-posting is kinda ok, but posting the same article
separately to several groups is not. Massive cross-posting (aka.
install an OpenPGP implementation such as GnuPG. The Lisp interface
to GnuPG included with Emacs is called EasyPG (@pxref{Top, ,EasyPG,
epa, EasyPG Assistant user's manual}), but PGG (@pxref{Top, ,PGG, pgg,
-PGG Manual}), Mailcrypt, and gpg.el are also supported.
+PGG Manual}), and Mailcrypt are also supported.
@item
To handle @acronym{S/MIME} message, you need to install OpenSSL. OpenSSL 0.9.6
@vindex mml1991-use
Symbol indicating elisp interface to OpenPGP implementation for
@acronym{PGP} messages. The default is @code{epg}, but @code{pgg},
-@code{mailcrypt}, and @code{gpg} are also supported although
+and @code{mailcrypt} are also supported although
deprecated. By default, Gnus uses the first available interface in
this order.
@vindex mml2015-use
Symbol indicating elisp interface to OpenPGP implementation for
@acronym{PGP/MIME} messages. The default is @code{epg}, but
-@code{pgg}, @code{mailcrypt}, and @code{gpg} are also supported
+@code{pgg}, and @code{mailcrypt} are also supported
although deprecated. By default, Gnus uses the first available
interface in this order.
@item mm-text-html-renderer
@vindex mm-text-html-renderer
If set to @code{gnus-article-html}, Gnus will use the built-in method,
-that's based on @code{curl} and @code{w3m}.
+that's based on @code{w3m}.
@item gnus-blocked-images
@vindex gnus-blocked-images
-Images that have @acronym{URL}s that match this regexp won't be
-fetched and displayed. For instance, do block all @acronym{URL}s that
-have the string ``ads'' in them, do the following:
+External images that have @acronym{URL}s that match this regexp won't
+be fetched and displayed. For instance, do block all @acronym{URL}s
+that have the string ``ads'' in them, do the following:
@lisp
(setq gnus-blocked-images "ads")
@end lisp
-The default is to block all external images.
+This can also be a function to be evaluated. If so, it will be
+called with the group name as the parameter. The default value is
+@code{gnus-block-private-groups}, which will return @samp{"."} for
+anything that isn't a newsgroup. This means that no external images
+will be fetched as a result of reading mail, so that nobody can use
+web bugs (and the like) to track whether you've read email.
+
+Also @pxref{Misc Article} for @code{gnus-inhibit-images}.
@item gnus-html-cache-directory
@vindex gnus-html-cache-directory
(This is the default.) If @code{nil}, each group will have its own
article buffer.
+@item gnus-widen-article-window
+@cindex gnus-widen-article-window
+If non-@code{nil}, selecting the article buffer with the @kbd{h}
+command will ``widen'' the article window to take the entire frame.
+
@vindex gnus-article-decode-hook
@item gnus-article-decode-hook
@cindex @acronym{MIME}
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/, GNU Libidn}, and this
variable is only enabled if you have installed it.
+@vindex gnus-inhibit-images
+@item gnus-inhibit-images
+If this is non-@code{nil}, inhibit displaying of images inline in the
+article body. It is effective to images that are in articles as
+@acronym{MIME} parts, and images in @acronym{HTML} articles rendered
+when @code{mm-text-html-renderer} (@pxref{Display Customization,
+,Display Customization, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME Manual}) is
+@code{shr} or @code{gnus-w3m}.
+
@end table
this will disable archiving.
@table @code
-@item gnus-outgoing-message-group
-@vindex gnus-outgoing-message-group
-All outgoing messages will be put in this group. If you want to store
-all your outgoing mail and articles in the group @samp{nnml:archive},
-you set this variable to that value. This variable can also be a list of
-group names.
-
-If you want to have greater control over what group to put each
-message in, you can set this variable to a function that checks the
-current newsgroup name and then returns a suitable group name (or list
-of names).
-
-This variable can be used instead of @code{gnus-message-archive-group},
-but the latter is the preferred method.
-
@item gnus-gcc-mark-as-read
@vindex gnus-gcc-mark-as-read
If non-@code{nil}, automatically mark @code{Gcc} articles as read.
name will be removed. If the attribute name is @code{eval}, the form
is evaluated, and the result is thrown away.
-The attribute value can be a string (used verbatim), a function with
-zero arguments (the return value will be used), a variable (its value
-will be used) or a list (it will be @code{eval}ed and the return value
-will be used). The functions and sexps are called/@code{eval}ed in the
-message buffer that is being set up. The headers of the current article
-are available through the @code{message-reply-headers} variable, which
-is a vector of the following headers: number subject from date id
-references chars lines xref extra.
+The attribute value can be a string, a function with zero arguments
+(the return value will be used), a variable (its value will be used)
+or a list (it will be @code{eval}ed and the return value will be
+used). The functions and sexps are called/@code{eval}ed in the
+message buffer that is being set up. The headers of the current
+article are available through the @code{message-reply-headers}
+variable, which is a vector of the following headers: number subject
+from date id references chars lines xref extra.
+
+In the case of a string value, if the @code{match} is a regular
+expression, a @samp{gnus-match-substitute-replacement} is proceed on
+the value to replace the positional parameters @samp{\@var{n}} by the
+corresponding parenthetical matches (see @xref{Replacing the Text that
+Matched, , Text Replacement, elisp, The Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}.)
@vindex message-reply-headers
@menu
* Server Buffer:: Making and editing virtual servers.
* Getting News:: Reading USENET news with Gnus.
-* Using @acronym{IMAP}:: Reading mail from @acronym{IMAP}.
+* Using IMAP:: Reading mail from @acronym{IMAP}.
* Getting Mail:: Reading your personal mail with Gnus.
* Browsing the Web:: Getting messages from a plethora of Web sources.
* Other Sources:: Reading directories, files.
@findex gnus-server-edit-server
Edit a server (@code{gnus-server-edit-server}).
+@item S
+@kindex S (Server)
+@findex gnus-server-show-server
+Show the definition of a server (@code{gnus-server-show-server}).
+
@item SPACE
@kindex SPACE (Server)
@findex gnus-server-read-server
@end table
+Some more commands for closing, disabling, and re-opening servers are
+listed in @ref{Unavailable Servers}.
+
@node Example Methods
@subsection Example Methods
Note that not all servers support the recommended ID. This works for
INN versions 2.3.0 and later, for instance.
+@item nntp-server-list-active-group
+If @code{nil}, then always use @samp{GROUP} instead of @samp{LIST
+ACTIVE}. This is usually slower, but on misconfigured servers that
+don't update their active files often, this can help.
+
+
@end table
@menu
@findex nntp-open-network-stream
@item nntp-open-network-stream
This is the default, and simply connects to some port or other on the
-remote system.
+remote system. If both Emacs and the server supports it, the
+connection will be upgraded to an encrypted @acronym{STARTTLS}
+connection automatically.
@findex nntp-open-tls-stream
@item nntp-open-tls-stream
@end table
-@node Using @acronym{IMAP}
-@section Using @acronym{IMAP}
+@node Using IMAP
+@section Using IMAP
@cindex imap
The most popular mail backend is probably @code{nnimap}, which
from different locations, or with different user agents.
@menu
-* Connecting to an @acronym{IMAP} Server:: Getting started with @acronym{IMAP}.
-* Customizing the @acronym{IMAP} Connection:: Variables for @acronym{IMAP} connection.
-* Client-Side @acronym{IMAP} Splitting:: Put mail in the correct mail box.
+* Connecting to an IMAP Server:: Getting started with @acronym{IMAP}.
+* Customizing the IMAP Connection:: Variables for @acronym{IMAP} connection.
+* Client-Side IMAP Splitting:: Put mail in the correct mail box.
@end menu
-@node Connecting to an @acronym{IMAP} Server
-@subsection Connecting to an @acronym{IMAP} Server
+@node Connecting to an IMAP Server
+@subsection Connecting to an IMAP Server
Connecting to an @acronym{IMAP} can be very easy. Type @kbd{B} in the
-group buffer, or add something like the following to your secondary
-select methods:
+group buffer, or (if your primary interest is reading email), say
+something like:
@example
-(setq gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '((nnimap "imap.gmail.com")))
+(setq gnus-select-method
+ '(nnimap "imap.gmail.com"))
@end example
You'll be prompted for a user name and password. If you grow tired of
That should basically be it for most users.
-@node Customizing the @acronym{IMAP} Connection
-@subsection Customizing the @acronym{IMAP} Connection
+@node Customizing the IMAP Connection
+@subsection Customizing the IMAP Connection
Here's an example method that's more complex:
@example
(nnimap "imap.gmail.com"
(nnimap-inbox "INBOX")
- (nnimap-split-methods ,nnmail-split-methods)
+ (nnimap-split-methods default)
(nnimap-expunge t)
- (nnimap-stream 'ssl)
- (nnir-search-engine imap)
- (nnimap-expunge-inbox t))
+ (nnimap-stream ssl))
@end example
@table @code
@item nnimap-server-port
If the server uses a non-standard port, that can be specified here. A
-typical port would be @samp{imap} or @samp{imaps}.
+typical port would be @code{"imap"} or @code{"imaps"}.
@item nnimap-stream
How @code{nnimap} should connect to the server. Possible values are:
@table @code
+@item undecided
+This is the default, and this first tries the @code{ssl} setting, and
+then tries the @code{network} setting.
+
@item ssl
-This is the default, and this uses standard
-@acronym{TLS}/@acronym{SSL} connection.
+This uses standard @acronym{TLS}/@acronym{SSL} connections.
@item network
-Non-encrypted and unsafe straight socket connection.
+Non-encrypted and unsafe straight socket connection, but will upgrade
+to encrypted @acronym{STARTTLS} if both Emacs and the server
+supports it.
@item starttls
Encrypted @acronym{STARTTLS} over the normal @acronym{IMAP} port.
Some @acronym{IMAP} servers allow anonymous logins. In that case,
this should be set to @code{anonymous}.
+@item nnimap-expunge
+If non-@code{nil}, expunge articles after deleting them. This is always done
+if the server supports UID EXPUNGE, but it's not done by default on
+servers that doesn't support that command.
+
@item nnimap-streaming
Virtually all @code{IMAP} server support fast streaming of data. If
you have problems connecting to the server, try setting this to @code{nil}.
+@item nnimap-fetch-partial-articles
+If non-@code{nil}, fetch partial articles from the server. If set to
+a string, then it's interpreted as a regexp, and parts that have
+matching types will be fetched. For instance, @samp{"text/"} will
+fetch all textual parts, while leaving the rest on the server.
+
@end table
-@node Client-Side @acronym{IMAP} Splitting
-@subsection Client-Side @acronym{IMAP} Splitting
+@node Client-Side IMAP Splitting
+@subsection Client-Side IMAP Splitting
Many people prefer to do the sorting/splitting of mail into their mail
boxes on the @acronym{IMAP} server. That way they don't have to
@item nnimap-split-methods
Uses the same syntax as @code{nnmail-split-methods} (@pxref{Splitting
-Mail}).
+Mail}), except the symbol @code{default}, which means that it should
+use the value of the @code{nnmail-split-methods} variable.
+
+@item nnimap-split-fancy
+Uses the same syntax as @code{nnmail-split-fancy}.
+
+@item nnimap-unsplittable-articles
+List of flag symbols to ignore when doing splitting. That is,
+articles that have these flags won't be considered when splitting.
+The default is @samp{(%Deleted %Seen)}.
@end table
message. The function should return a list of group names that it
thinks should carry this mail message.
+This variable can also be a fancy split method. For the syntax,
+see @ref{Fancy Mail Splitting}.
+
Note that the mail back ends are free to maul the poor, innocent,
incoming headers all they want to. They all add @code{Lines} headers;
some add @code{X-Gnus-Group} headers; most rename the Unix mbox
@acronym{IMAP} as intended, as a network mail reading protocol (ie
with nnimap), for some reason or other, Gnus let you treat it similar
to a @acronym{POP} server and fetches articles from a given
-@acronym{IMAP} mailbox. @xref{Using @acronym{IMAP}}, for more information.
+@acronym{IMAP} mailbox. @xref{Using IMAP}, for more information.
Keywords:
:fetchflag "\\Seen")
@end lisp
-@item webmail
-Get mail from a webmail server, such as @uref{http://www.hotmail.com/},
-@uref{http://webmail.netscape.com/}, @uref{http://www.netaddress.com/},
-@uref{http://mail.yahoo.com/}.
-
-NOTE: Webmail largely depends on cookies. A "one-line-cookie" patch is
-required for url "4.0pre.46".
-
-WARNING: Mails may be lost. NO WARRANTY.
-
-Keywords:
-
-@table @code
-@item :subtype
-The type of the webmail server. The default is @code{hotmail}. The
-alternatives are @code{netscape}, @code{netaddress}, @code{my-deja}.
-
-@item :user
-The user name to give to the webmail server. The default is the login
-name.
-
-@item :password
-The password to give to the webmail server. If not specified, the user is
-prompted.
-
-@item :dontexpunge
-If non-@code{nil}, only fetch unread articles and don't move them to
-trash folder after finishing the fetch.
-
-@end table
-
-An example webmail source:
-
-@lisp
-(webmail :subtype 'hotmail
- :user "user-name"
- :password "secret")
-@end lisp
-
@item group
Get the actual mail source from the @code{mail-source} group parameter,
@xref{Group Parameters}.
above. Also note that with the nnimap backend, message bodies will
not be downloaded by default. You need to set
@code{nnimap-split-download-body} to @code{t} to do that
-(@pxref{Client-Side @acronym{IMAP} Splitting}).
+(@pxref{Client-Side IMAP Splitting}).
@item (! @var{func} @var{split})
If the split is a list, and the first element is @code{!}, then
mail back ends.
@code{nnmaildir} is largely similar to @code{nnml}, with some notable
-differences. Each message is stored in a separate file, but the
-filename is unrelated to the article number in Gnus. @code{nnmaildir}
+differences. Each message is stored in a separate file, but the
+filename is unrelated to the article number in Gnus. @code{nnmaildir}
also stores the equivalent of @code{nnml}'s overview files in one file
-per article, so it uses about twice as many inodes as @code{nnml}. (Use
-@code{df -i} to see how plentiful your inode supply is.) If this slows
-you down or takes up very much space, consider switching to
-@uref{http://www.namesys.com/, ReiserFS} or another non-block-structured
+per article, so it uses about twice as many inodes as @code{nnml}.
+(Use @code{df -i} to see how plentiful your inode supply is.) If this
+slows you down or takes up very much space, a non-block-structured
file system.
Since maildirs don't require locking for delivery, the maildirs you use
the feeds from local files in @code{nnrss-directory}. You can use
the command @code{nnrss-generate-download-script} to generate a
download script using @command{wget}.
-
-@item nnrss-wash-html-in-text-plain-parts
-Non-@code{nil} means that @code{nnrss} renders text in @samp{text/plain}
-parts as @acronym{HTML}. The function specified by the
-@code{mm-text-html-renderer} variable (@pxref{Display Customization,
-,Display Customization, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME Manual}) will be used
-to render text. If it is @code{nil}, which is the default, text will
-simply be folded. Leave it @code{nil} if you prefer to see
-@samp{text/html} parts.
@end table
The following code may be helpful, if you want to show the description in
@item lanl-gov-announce
Announcement messages from LANL Gov Announce.
+@cindex git commit messages
+@item git
+@code{git} commit messages.
+
@cindex forwarded messages
@item rfc822-forward
A message forwarded according to RFC822.
performance. A small value minimizes the time lost should the
connection be lost while fetching (You may need to run
@code{gnus-agent-regenerate-group} to update the group's state.
-However, all articles parsed prior to loosing the connection will be
+However, all articles parsed prior to losing the connection will be
available while unplugged). The default is 10M so it is unusual to
see any cycling.
* Compilation:: How to speed Gnus up.
* Mode Lines:: Displaying information in the mode lines.
* Highlighting and Menus:: Making buffers look all nice and cozy.
-* Buttons:: Get tendinitis in ten easy steps!
* Daemons:: Gnus can do things behind your back.
-* NoCeM:: How to avoid spam and other fatty foods.
* Undo:: Some actions can be undone.
* Predicate Specifiers:: Specifying predicates.
* Moderation:: What to do if you're a moderator.
buffer should be given. Here's an excerpt of this variable:
@lisp
-((group (vertical 1.0 (group 1.0 point)
- (if gnus-carpal (group-carpal 4))))
+((group (vertical 1.0 (group 1.0 point)))
(article (vertical 1.0 (summary 0.25 point)
(article 1.0))))
@end lisp
@lisp
(article (vertical 1.0 (group 4)
(summary 0.25 point)
- (if gnus-carpal (summary-carpal 4))
(article 1.0)))
@end lisp
If the @dfn{split} looks like something that can be @code{eval}ed (to be
precise---if the @code{car} of the split is a function or a subr), this
split will be @code{eval}ed. If the result is non-@code{nil}, it will
-be used as a split. This means that there will be three buffers if
-@code{gnus-carpal} is @code{nil}, and four buffers if @code{gnus-carpal}
-is non-@code{nil}.
+be used as a split.
Not complicated enough for you? Well, try this on for size:
@lisp
(article (horizontal 1.0
(vertical 0.5
- (group 1.0)
- (gnus-carpal 4))
+ (group 1.0))
(vertical 1.0
(summary 0.25 point)
- (summary-carpal 4)
(article 1.0))))
@end lisp
@end table
-@node Buttons
-@section Buttons
-@cindex buttons
-@cindex mouse
-@cindex click
-
-Those new-fangled @dfn{mouse} contraptions is very popular with the
-young, hep kids who don't want to learn the proper way to do things
-these days. Why, I remember way back in the summer of '89, when I was
-using Emacs on a Tops 20 system. Three hundred users on one single
-machine, and every user was running Simula compilers. Bah!
-
-Right.
-
-@vindex gnus-carpal
-Well, you can make Gnus display bufferfuls of buttons you can click to
-do anything by setting @code{gnus-carpal} to @code{t}. Pretty simple,
-really. Tell the chiropractor I sent you.
-
-
-@table @code
-
-@item gnus-carpal-mode-hook
-@vindex gnus-carpal-mode-hook
-Hook run in all carpal mode buffers.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-button-face
-@vindex gnus-carpal-button-face
-Face used on buttons.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-header-face
-@vindex gnus-carpal-header-face
-Face used on carpal buffer headers.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-group-buffer-buttons
-@vindex gnus-carpal-group-buffer-buttons
-Buttons in the group buffer.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-summary-buffer-buttons
-@vindex gnus-carpal-summary-buffer-buttons
-Buttons in the summary buffer.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-server-buffer-buttons
-@vindex gnus-carpal-server-buffer-buttons
-Buttons in the server buffer.
-
-@item gnus-carpal-browse-buffer-buttons
-@vindex gnus-carpal-browse-buffer-buttons
-Buttons in the browse buffer.
-@end table
-
-All the @code{buttons} variables are lists. The elements in these list
-are either cons cells where the @code{car} contains a text to be displayed and
-the @code{cdr} contains a function symbol, or a simple string.
-
-
@node Daemons
@section Daemons
@cindex demons
(gnus-demon-add-handler 'gnus-demon-close-connections 30 t)
@end lisp
-@findex gnus-demon-add-nocem
@findex gnus-demon-add-scanmail
@findex gnus-demon-add-rescan
@findex gnus-demon-add-scan-timestamps
@findex gnus-demon-add-disconnection
Some ready-made functions to do this have been created:
-@code{gnus-demon-add-nocem}, @code{gnus-demon-add-disconnection},
+@code{gnus-demon-add-disconnection},
@code{gnus-demon-add-nntp-close-connection},
@code{gnus-demon-add-scan-timestamps}, @code{gnus-demon-add-rescan}, and
@code{gnus-demon-add-scanmail}. Just put those functions in your
behave.
-@node NoCeM
-@section NoCeM
-@cindex nocem
-@cindex spam
-
-@dfn{Spamming} is posting the same article lots and lots of times.
-Spamming is bad. Spamming is evil.
-
-Spamming is usually canceled within a day or so by various anti-spamming
-agencies. These agencies usually also send out @dfn{NoCeM} messages.
-NoCeM is pronounced ``no see-'em'', and means what the name
-implies---these are messages that make the offending articles, like, go
-away.
-
-What use are these NoCeM messages if the articles are canceled anyway?
-Some sites do not honor cancel messages and some sites just honor cancels
-from a select few people. Then you may wish to make use of the NoCeM
-messages, which are distributed in the newsgroups
-@samp{news.lists.filters}, @samp{alt.nocem.misc}, etc.
-
-Gnus can read and parse the messages in this group automatically, and
-this will make spam disappear.
-
-There are some variables to customize, of course:
-
-@table @code
-@item gnus-use-nocem
-@vindex gnus-use-nocem
-Set this variable to @code{t} to set the ball rolling. It is @code{nil}
-by default.
-
-You can also set this variable to a positive number as a group level.
-In that case, Gnus scans NoCeM messages when checking new news if this
-value is not exceeding a group level that you specify as the prefix
-argument to some commands, e.g. @code{gnus},
-@code{gnus-group-get-new-news}, etc. Otherwise, Gnus does not scan
-NoCeM messages if you specify a group level that is smaller than this
-value to those commands. For example, if you use 1 or 2 on the mail
-groups and the levels on the news groups remain the default, 3 is the
-best choice.
-
-@item gnus-nocem-groups
-@vindex gnus-nocem-groups
-Gnus will look for NoCeM messages in the groups in this list. The
-default is
-@lisp
-("news.lists.filters" "alt.nocem.misc")
-@end lisp
-
-@item gnus-nocem-issuers
-@vindex gnus-nocem-issuers
-There are many people issuing NoCeM messages. This list says what
-people you want to listen to. The default is:
-
-@lisp
-("Adri Verhoef"
- "alba-nocem@@albasani.net"
- "bleachbot@@httrack.com"
- "news@@arcor-online.net"
- "news@@uni-berlin.de"
- "nocem@@arcor.de"
- "pgpmoose@@killfile.org"
- "xjsppl@@gmx.de")
-@end lisp
-
-Known despammers that you can put in this list are listed at@*
-@uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~rosalind/nocemreg/nocemreg.html}.
-
-You do not have to heed NoCeM messages from all these people---just the
-ones you want to listen to. You also don't have to accept all NoCeM
-messages from the people you like. Each NoCeM message has a @dfn{type}
-header that gives the message a (more or less, usually less) rigorous
-definition. Common types are @samp{spam}, @samp{spew}, @samp{mmf},
-@samp{binary}, and @samp{troll}. To specify this, you have to use
-@code{(@var{issuer} @var{conditions} @dots{})} elements in the list.
-Each condition is either a string (which is a regexp that matches types
-you want to use) or a list on the form @code{(not @var{string})}, where
-@var{string} is a regexp that matches types you don't want to use.
-
-For instance, if you want all NoCeM messages from Chris Lewis except his
-@samp{troll} messages, you'd say:
-
-@lisp
-("clewis@@ferret.ocunix.on.ca" ".*" (not "troll"))
-@end lisp
-
-On the other hand, if you just want nothing but his @samp{spam} and
-@samp{spew} messages, you'd say:
-
-@lisp
-("clewis@@ferret.ocunix.on.ca" (not ".*") "spew" "spam")
-@end lisp
-
-The specs are applied left-to-right.
-
-
-@item gnus-nocem-verifyer
-@vindex gnus-nocem-verifyer
-@findex gnus-nocem-epg-verify
-@findex pgg-verify
-This should be a function for verifying that the NoCeM issuer is who she
-says she is. This variable defaults to @code{gnus-nocem-epg-verify} if
-EasyPG is available, otherwise defaults to @code{pgg-verify}. The
-function should return non-@code{nil} if the verification is successful,
-otherwise (including the case the NoCeM message was not signed) should
-return @code{nil}. If this is too slow and you don't care for
-verification (which may be dangerous), you can set this variable to
-@code{nil}.
-
-Formerly the default was @code{mc-verify}, which is a Mailcrypt
-function. While you can still use it, you can change it into
-@code{gnus-nocem-epg-verify} or @code{pgg-verify} running with GnuPG if
-you are willing to add the @acronym{PGP} public keys to GnuPG's keyring.
-
-@item gnus-nocem-directory
-@vindex gnus-nocem-directory
-This is where Gnus will store its NoCeM cache files. The default is@*
-@file{~/News/NoCeM/}.
-
-@item gnus-nocem-expiry-wait
-@vindex gnus-nocem-expiry-wait
-The number of days before removing old NoCeM entries from the cache.
-The default is 15. If you make it shorter Gnus will be faster, but you
-might then see old spam.
-
-@item gnus-nocem-check-from
-@vindex gnus-nocem-check-from
-Non-@code{nil} means check for valid issuers in message bodies.
-Otherwise don't bother fetching articles unless their author matches a
-valid issuer; that is much faster if you are selective about the
-issuers.
-
-@item gnus-nocem-check-article-limit
-@vindex gnus-nocem-check-article-limit
-If non-@code{nil}, the maximum number of articles to check in any NoCeM
-group. @code{nil} means no restriction. NoCeM groups can be huge and
-very slow to process.
-
-@end table
-
-Using NoCeM could potentially be a memory hog. If you have many living
-(i. e., subscribed or unsubscribed groups), your Emacs process will grow
-big. If this is a problem, you should kill off all (or most) of your
-unsubscribed groups (@pxref{Subscription Commands}).
-
-
@node Undo
@section Undo
@cindex undo
Ordered list of suffixes on picon file names to try. Defaults to
@code{("xpm" "gif" "xbm")} minus those not built-in your Emacs.
+@item gnus-picon-inhibit-top-level-domains
+@vindex gnus-picon-inhibit-top-level-domains
+If non-@code{nil} (which is the default), don't display picons for
+things like @samp{.net} and @samp{.de}, which aren't usually very
+interesting.
+
@end table
@node Gravatars
The size in pixels of gravatars. Gravatars are always square, so one
number for the size is enough.
-@item gnus-gravatar-relief
-@vindex gnus-gravatar-relief
-If non-nil, adds a shadow rectangle around the image. The value,
-relief, specifies the width of the shadow lines, in pixels. If relief
-is negative, shadows are drawn so that the image appears as a pressed
-button; otherwise, it appears as an unpressed button.
+@item gnus-gravatar-properties
+@vindex gnus-gravatar-properties
+List of image properties applied to Gravatar images.
+
+@item gnus-gravatar-too-ugly
+@vindex gnus-gravatar-too-ugly
+Regexp that matches mail addresses or names of people of which avatars
+should not be displayed, or @code{nil}. It default to the value of
+@code{gnus-article-x-face-too-ugly} (@pxref{X-Face}).
@end table
Note that with the nnimap back end, message bodies will not be
downloaded by default. You need to set
@code{nnimap-split-download-body} to @code{t} to do that
-(@pxref{Client-Side @acronym{IMAP} Splitting}).
+(@pxref{Client-Side IMAP Splitting}).
That is about it. As some spam is likely to get through anyway, you
might want to have a nifty function to call when you happen to read
group:
@table @kbd
-@item M-d
+@item $
+@itemx M-d
@itemx M s x
@itemx S x
-@kindex M-d
-@kindex S x
-@kindex M s x
+@kindex $ (Summary)
+@kindex M-d (Summary)
+@kindex S x (Summary)
+@kindex M s x (Summary)
@findex gnus-summary-mark-as-spam
@findex gnus-summary-mark-as-spam
Mark current article as spam, showing it with the @samp{$} mark
retrieve the message bodies as well. We don't set this by default
because it will slow @acronym{IMAP} down, and that is not an
appropriate decision to make on behalf of the user. @xref{Client-Side
-@acronym{IMAP} Splitting}.
+IMAP Splitting}.
You have to specify one or more spam back ends for @code{spam-split}
to use, by setting the @code{spam-use-*} variables. @xref{Spam Back
spam-move-spam-nonspam-groups-only nil
spam-mark-only-unseen-as-spam t
spam-mark-ham-unread-before-move-from-spam-group t
- nnimap-split-rule 'nnimap-split-fancy
;; @r{understand what this does before you copy it to your own setup!}
+ ;; @r{for nnimap you'll probably want to set nnimap-split-methods, see the manual}
nnimap-split-fancy '(|
;; @r{trace references to parents and put in their group}
(: gnus-registry-split-fancy-with-parent)
@example
(setq spam-use-spamoracle t
spam-split-group "Junk"
+ ;; @r{for nnimap you'll probably want to set nnimap-split-methods, see the manual}
nnimap-split-inbox '("INBOX")
- nnimap-split-rule 'nnimap-split-fancy
nnimap-split-fancy '(| (: spam-split) "INBOX"))
@end example
the sender in addition to the Message-ID. Several strategies are
available.
+@item
+Refer to messages by ID
+
+Commands like @code{gnus-summary-refer-parent-article} can take
+advantage of the registry to jump to the referred article, regardless
+of the group the message is in.
+
@item
Store custom flags and keywords
@menu
* Setup::
* Fancy splitting to parent::
+* Registry Article Refer Method::
* Store custom flags and keywords::
* Store arbitrary data::
@end menu
The file where the registry will be stored between Gnus sessions.
@end defvar
+@node Registry Article Refer Method
+@subsection Fetching by @code{Message-ID} Using the Registry
+
+The registry knows how to map each @code{Message-ID} to the group it's
+in. This can be leveraged to enhance the ``article refer method'',
+the thing that tells Gnus how to look up an article given its
+Message-ID (@pxref{Finding the Parent}).
+
+@vindex nnregistry
+@vindex gnus-refer-article-method
+
+The @code{nnregistry} refer method does exactly that. It has the
+advantage that an article may be found regardless of the group it's
+in---provided its @code{Message-ID} is known to the registry. It can
+be enabled by augmenting the start-up file with something along these
+lines:
+
+@example
+;; Keep enough entries to have a good hit rate when referring to an
+;; article using the registry. Use long group names so that Gnus
+;; knows where the article is.
+(setq gnus-registry-max-entries 2500
+ gnus-registry-use-long-group-names t)
+
+(gnus-registry-initialize)
+
+(setq gnus-refer-article-method
+ '(current
+ (nnregistry)
+ (nnweb "gmane" (nnweb-type gmane))))
+@end example
+
+The example above instructs Gnus to first look up the article in the
+current group, or, alternatively, using the registry, and finally, if
+all else fails, using Gmane.
+
@node Fancy splitting to parent
@subsection Fancy splitting to parent
Masanobu @sc{Umeda}---the writer of the original @sc{gnus}.
@item
-Shenghuo Zhu---uudecode.el, mm-uu.el, rfc1843.el, webmail.el,
+Shenghuo Zhu---uudecode.el, mm-uu.el, rfc1843.el,
nnwarchive and many, many other things connected with @acronym{MIME} and
other types of en/decoding, as well as general bug fixing, new
functionality and stuff.
You can do lots of strange stuff with the Gnus window & frame
configuration (@pxref{Window Layout}).
-@item
-You can click on buttons instead of using the keyboard
-(@pxref{Buttons}).
-
@end itemize
@end iflatex
@end iftex
-@item
-Gnus can make use of NoCeM files to weed out spam (@pxref{NoCeM}).
-
-@lisp
-(setq gnus-use-nocem t)
-@end lisp
-
@item
Groups can be made permanently visible (@pxref{Listing Groups}).
@acronym{TLS} wrapper shipped with Gnus
@acronym{TLS}/@acronym{SSL} is now supported in @acronym{IMAP} and
-@acronym{NNTP} via @file{tls.el} and GNUTLS. The old
-@acronym{TLS}/@acronym{SSL} support via (external third party)
-@file{ssl.el} and OpenSSL still works.
+@acronym{NNTP} via @file{tls.el} and GNUTLS.
@item
Improved anti-spam features.
(setq gnus-read-active-file 'some)
@end lisp
-On the other hand, if the manual says ``set @code{gnus-nntp-server} to
-@samp{nntp.ifi.uio.no}'', that means:
+On the other hand, if the manual says ``set @code{gnus-nntp-server-file} to
+@samp{/etc/nntpserver}'', that means:
@lisp
-(setq gnus-nntp-server "nntp.ifi.uio.no")
+(setq gnus-nntp-server-file "/etc/nntpserver")
@end lisp
So be careful not to mix up strings (the latter) with symbols (the
projects / gnus / blobdiff