-@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone.
-@c -*-texinfo-*-
-@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-@setfilename gnus-faq.info
-
-@c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top
+@c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
+@c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone.
+@c %**start of header
+@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c
+@c @setfilename gnus-faq.info
+@c @settitle Frequently Asked Questions
+@c @include docstyle.texi
+@c %**end of header
+@c
@node Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment node-name, next, previous, up
-
-@c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions
@section Frequently Asked Questions
-@cindex FAQ
-@cindex Frequently Asked Questions
-
-@c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section
-@c - run (texinfo-every-node-update)
-@c - revert it.
@menu
-* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ.
-* FAQ 1 - Installation:: Installation of Gnus.
-* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the first
- buffer Gnus shows you.
-* FAQ 3 - Getting messages:: Making Gnus read your mail and news.
-* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read messages.
-* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet postings.
-* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, searching
- and deleting messages.
-* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline.
-* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough.
-* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster.
-* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ explained.
+* FAQ - Changes::
+* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ.
+* FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus.
+* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the
+ first buffer Gnus shows you.
+* FAQ 3 - Getting Messages:: Making Gnus read your mail
+ and news.
+* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read
+ messages.
+* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet
+ postings.
+* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving,
+ searching and deleting messages.
+* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while
+ offline.
+* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough.
+* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster.
+* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ
+ explained.
@end menu
-
@subheading Abstract
- This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. If you have a
-Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
-@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from
-@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}.
-
-
- Please submit features and suggestions to the
- @email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}.
- The list is protected against junk mail with
- @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm, qconfirm}. As
- a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can
- also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
- @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
- and
- @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse
- the archive, browse the archive}.
-
-@node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions, Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment node-name, next, previous, up
-@heading Introduction
+This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
+
+Please submit features and suggestions to the
+@email{ding@@gnus.org, ding list}.
+
+@node FAQ - Changes
+@subsection Changes
+
+
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+2008-06-15: Adjust for message-fill-column. Add x-face-file.
+Clarify difference between ding and gnu.emacs.gnus. Remove
+reference to discontinued service.
+
+@item
+2006-04-15: Added tip on how to delete sent buffer on exit.
+@end itemize
+
+@node FAQ - Introduction
+@subsection Introduction
This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented
- as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
- now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
- that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
- original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
- When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
- decided to rewrite Gnus.
-
- Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
- customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
- most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
- advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
- (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
- high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
- high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
- want.
-
- This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
- would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
- job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
- Justin!
-
-
- If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:@*
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
- This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
- versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
- State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
- if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
-
-
- The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
- of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
- misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ - Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection Installation
+as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
+now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
+that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
+original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA@.
+When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
+decided to rewrite Gnus.
+
+Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
+customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
+most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
+advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
+(you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
+high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
+high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
+want.
+
+This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
+would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
+job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same: thanks,
+Justin!
+
+This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
+versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
+State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
+if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
+
+The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
+of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
+misprints are the Gnus team's fault, sorry.
+
+@node FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ
+@subsection Installation FAQ
@menu
-* [1.1]:: What is the latest version of Gnus?
-* [1.2]:: What's new in 5.10.0?
-* [1.3]:: Where and how to get Gnus?
-* [1.4]:: What to do with the tarball now?
-* [1.5]:: Which version of Emacs do I need?
-* [1.6]:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
+* FAQ 1-1:: What is the latest version of Gnus?
+* FAQ 1-2:: What's new in 5.10?
+* FAQ 1-3:: Where and how to get Gnus?
+* FAQ 1-4:: What to do with the tarball now?
+* FAQ 1-5:: I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus,
+ what are those?
+* FAQ 1-6:: Which version of Emacs do I need?
+* FAQ 1-7:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
@end menu
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.1:
+@node FAQ 1-1
+@subsubheading Question 1.1
What is the latest version of Gnus?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Jingle please: Gnus 5.10.0 is released, get it while it's
- hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
- small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
- shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might
- prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are
- basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.2:
+Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's
+hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
+small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
+shouldn't miss. The current release (5.13) should be at
+least as stable as the latest release of the 5.8 series.
-What's new in 5.10.0?
+@node FAQ 1-2
+@subsubheading Question 1.2
-Answer:
+What's new in 5.10?
- First of all, you should have a look into the file
- GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
- there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
- short list of the changes I find especially
- important/interesting:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-
+First of all, you should have a look into the file
+GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
+there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
+short list of the changes I find especially
+important/interesting:
-@itemize @bullet{}
+@itemize @bullet
@item
- Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
- active by default.
-
+Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
+active by default.
+
@item
- Many new article washing functions for dealing with
- ugly formatted articles.
-
+Many new article washing functions for dealing with
+ugly formatted articles.
+
@item
- Anti Spam features.
-
+Anti Spam features.
+
@item
- message-utils now included in Gnus.
-
+Message-utils now included in Gnus.
+
@item
- New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
- a complex trn-style thread tree.
-
+New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g., %B for
+a complex trn-style thread tree.
@end itemize
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.3:
+
+@node FAQ 1-3
+@subsubheading Question 1.3
Where and how to get Gnus?
-Answer:
-
- The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in
- Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the
- package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the
- Gnus tarball from
- @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
- or via anonymous FTP from
- @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.4:
-
- What to do with the tarball now?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
- @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
- (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
- @uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
- which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
- tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
- @uref{http://www.winace.com})
- and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
- Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
- system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
- following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus is released independent from releases of Emacs and XEmacs.
+Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs's
+package system might not be up to date (e.g., Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs
+21 is outdated).
+You can get the latest released version of Gnus from
+@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
+or via anonymous FTP from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
+
+@node FAQ 1-4
+@subsubheading Question 1.4
+
+What to do with the tarball now?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
+@samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
+(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
+@uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
+which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
+tarball with some packer (e.g., Winace from
+@uref{http://www.winace.com})
+and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
+Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
+system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
+following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
@example
(add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp")
(add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")
(add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/"))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
- before this line, on MS Windows use something like
- "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.5:
+
+Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
+before this line, on MS Windows use something like
+"C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
+
+@node FAQ 1-5
+@subsubheading Question 1.5
+
+I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus,
+what are those?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Oort Gnus was the name of the development version of
+Gnus, which became Gnus 5.10 in autumn 2003. No Gnus is
+the name of the current development version which will
+once become Gnus 5.12 or Gnus 6. (If you're wondering why
+not 5.11, the odd version numbers are normally used for
+the Gnus versions bundled with Emacs)
+
+@node FAQ 1-6
+@subsubheading Question 1.6
Which version of Emacs do I need?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Gnus 5.10.0 requires an Emacs version that is greater
- than or equal to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.6], , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 1.6:
+Gnus 5.13 requires an Emacs version that is greater than or equal
+to Emacs 23.1 or XEmacs 21.1, although there are some features that
+only work on Emacs 24.
+
+@node FAQ 1-7
+@subsubheading Question 1.7
How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
+files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
+depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
+of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
- You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
- files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
- depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
- of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
@subsection Startup / Group buffer
@menu
-* [2.1]:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message
- "Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?",
- what does this mean and how to prevent it?
-* [2.2]:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's this?
-* [2.3]:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-* [2.4]:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my
- groups into categories so I can easier browse through them?
-* [2.5]:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the
- groups in a topic?
+* FAQ 2-1:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+ file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and
+ how to prevent it?
+* FAQ 2-2:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+ what's this?
+* FAQ 2-3:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
+* FAQ 2-4:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+ sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through
+ them?
+* FAQ 2-5:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+ sort the groups in a topic?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.1:
+@node FAQ 2-1
+@subsubheading Question 2.1
- Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
- file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
- and how to prevent it?
-
+Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
+and how to prevent it?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
- wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
- informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
- are now asked if you want to restore those informations
- from the auto-save file.
-
+This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
+wasn't properly exited and therefore couldn't write its
+information to disk (e.g., which messages you read), you
+are now asked if you want to restore that information
+from the auto-save file.
- To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
- via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
- just killing Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question: 2.2
+To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
+via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
+just killing Emacs.
- Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
- what's this?
-
+@node FAQ 2-2
+@subsubheading Question 2.2
-Answer:
+Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+what's this?
- You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
- starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
- problem, so read the answer above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.3:
+@subsubheading Answer
- How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-
+You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
+starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
+problem, so read the answer above.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 2-3
+@subsubheading Question 2.3
- You've got to tweak the value of the variable
- gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
- Specification" for information on how to do this. An
- example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
-
+How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-@example
+@subsubheading Answer
+You've got to tweak the value of the variable
+gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
+Specification" for information on how to do this. An
+example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
+
+@example
(setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n")
-
-@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.4:
-
- My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
- sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
- through them?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
- groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
- Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
- the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
- the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
-
-
- To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
- you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
- at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
- a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
- menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
- beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
- the groups nicely indented.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.5], , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 2.5:
-
- How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
- sort the groups in a topic?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Move point over the group you want to move and
- hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
- place where you want the group to be and
- hit @samp{C-y}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection Getting messages
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 2-4
+@subsubheading Question 2.4
+
+My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
+through them?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
+groups in, well, topics, e.g., all groups dealing with
+Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
+the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
+the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
+
+To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
+you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
+at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
+a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
+menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
+beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
+the groups nicely indented.
+
+@node FAQ 2-5
+@subsubheading Question 2.5
+
+How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+sort the groups in a topic?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Move point over the group you want to move and
+hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
+place where you want the group to be and
+hit @samp{C-y}.
+
+@node FAQ 3 - Getting Messages
+@subsection Getting Messages
@menu
-* [3.1]:: I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says
- "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-* [3.2]:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-* [3.3]:: My news server requires authentication, how to store user name
- and password on disk?
-* [3.4]:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
- subscribe to a group.
-* [3.5]:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
- post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-* [3.6]:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-* [3.7]:: And how about local spool files?
-* [3.8]:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
- with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-* [3.9]:: And what about IMAP?
-* [3.10]:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers,
- can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
-* [3.11]:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server
- it retrieves via POP3?
+* FAQ 3-1:: I just installed Gnus, started it via @samp{M-x gnus}
+ but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
+* FAQ 3-2:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what
+ ~/.gnus.el means.
+* FAQ 3-3:: My news server requires authentication, how to store
+ user name and password on disk?
+* FAQ 3-4:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+ subscribe to a group.
+* FAQ 3-5:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed
+ to post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
+* FAQ 3-6:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this
+ possible?
+* FAQ 3-7:: And how about local spool files?
+* FAQ 3-8:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to
+ read my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+* FAQ 3-9:: And what about IMAP?
+* FAQ 3-10:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers,
+ can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
+* FAQ 3-11:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+ retrieves via POP3?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.1:
+@node FAQ 3-1
+@subsubheading Question 3.1
- I just installed Gnus, started it via
- @samp{M-x gnus}
- but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-
+I just installed Gnus, started it via
+@samp{M-x gnus}
+but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
- the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
- first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus:
-
+You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
+the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
+first start, put those lines in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net"))
(setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net")
(setq user-full-name "Your Name")
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.2:
-
- I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-
-
-Answer:
+@noindent
- The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the
-configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this
-means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type
-@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on
-Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
-likely be new, and thus empty.) However, I'd discourage you from
-doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be
-what you want, so let's do it the correct way. The first thing you've
-got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory
-name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment
-variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include
-the line
-
+@node FAQ 3-2
+@subsubheading Question 3.2
+
+I'm working under Windows and have no idea what @file{~/.gnus.el} means.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look
+for the configuration files. However, you don't really
+need to know what this means, it suffices that Emacs knows
+what it means :-) You can type
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET }
+(yes, with the forward slash, even on Windows), and
+Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
+likely be new, and thus empty.)
+However, I'd discourage you from doing so, since the
+directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be what
+you want, so let's do it the correct way.
+The first thing you've got to do is to
+create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name
+please), e.g., c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment
+variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Windows 9x
+or Me include the line
@example
-
SET HOME=C:\myhome
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP,
- hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it
- doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll
- find the possibility to set environment variables, create
- a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is
- not necessary.
-
- Now to create ~/.gnus, say
- @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}.
- in Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.3:
+in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, hit
+Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it doesn't work, go
+to Control Panel -> System -> Advanced). There you'll find the
+possibility to set environment variables. Create a new one with
+name HOME and value C:\myhome. Rebooting is not necessary.
+
+Now to create @file{~/.gnus.el}, say
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET C-x C-s}.
+in Emacs.
- My news server requires authentication, how to store
- user name and password on disk?
-
+@node FAQ 3-3
+@subsubheading Question 3.3
-Answer:
+My news server requires authentication, how to store
+user name and password on disk?
- Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
@example
machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword
@end example
-
@noindent
.
- Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
- work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
- say
-
+Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
+work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
+say
@example
chmod 600 ~/.authinfo
@end example
-
@noindent
- in a shell.)
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.4:
- Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
- subscribe to a group.
-
+in a shell.)
+
+@node FAQ 3-4
+@subsubheading Question 3.4
+
+Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+subscribe to a group.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
+name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
+tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
+this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
+cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
+hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
+you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
+to subscribe to it.
- If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
- name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
- tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
- this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
- cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
- hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
- you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
- to subscribe to it.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.5:
+@node FAQ 3-5
+@subsubheading Question 3.5
- Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
- post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-
+Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
+post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
- access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
- to those servers append
-
+Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
+access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
+to those servers append
@example
force yes
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.6:
- I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-
+to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
+
+@node FAQ 3-6
+@subsubheading Question 3.6
+
+I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
- variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
- this in ~/.gnus:
-
+Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
+variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
+this in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
'(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net"))
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.7:
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 3-7
+@subsubheading Question 3.7
- And how about local spool files?
-
+And how about local spool files?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- No problem, this is just one more select method called
- nnspool, so you want this:
-
+No problem, this is just one more select method called
+nnspool, so you want this:
@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool ""))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
-
+
+Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
@example
(setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
- want something different, change the line above to something like this:
-
+
+Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
+want something different, change the line above to something like this:
@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
-@end example
-
-@noindent
- This sets the spool directory for this server only.
- You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
- to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.8:
-
- OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
- with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
- for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
- different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
- these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
- send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
- fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
- where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
- Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
- need a combination of the above cases.
-
-
- However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
- it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
- to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
- commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
- and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
- file per group approach if your file system has problems with
- many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
- choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus:
-
+ '(nnspool ""
+ (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+This sets the spool directory for this server only.
+You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
+to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
+
+@node FAQ 3-8
+@subsubheading Question 3.8
+
+OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
+with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
+for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
+different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
+these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
+send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
+fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
+where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
+Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA@. Sometimes, you even
+need a combination of the above cases.
+
+However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
+it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
+to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
+commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
+and is therefore quite fast. However you might prefer a one
+file per group approach if your file system has problems with
+many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
+choice for you. To use nnml add the following to @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml ""))
@end example
-
@noindent
- As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
-
+
+As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder ""))
@end example
-
+@noindent
- Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
- it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
-
+Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get its mail from. If
+it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
:user "yourUserName"
:password "yourPassword")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store
- your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
- traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
-
+
+Make sure @file{~/.gnus.el} isn't readable to others if you store
+your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
+traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
- '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file")))
+ '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file"))
@end example
-
@noindent
- If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
- postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
-
+
+If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
+postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/"
:subdirs ("cur" "new")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
- in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
- mail, it's
-
+
+And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
+in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
+mail, it's
@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
- '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
- :suffix ".prcml"))
+ '(add-to-list 'mail-sources
+ '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
+ :suffix ".prcml")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
- suffix .prcml.
-
- OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
- want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
- the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
- anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
- SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus
-
+Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
+suffix .prcml.
+
+OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
+want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
+the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
+anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
+SMTP Server you need the following in your @file{~/.gnus.el}
@example
(setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
(setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
(setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net")
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.9:
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 3-9
+@subsubheading Question 3.9
- And what about IMAP?
-
+And what about IMAP?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
- to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
- the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
- this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
- ~/.gnus
-
+There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
+to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
+the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
+this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
+@file{~/.gnus.el}
@example
(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com"
:mailbox "INBOX"
:fetchflag "\\Seen"))
@end example
+@noindent
+
+You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
+authentication, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
+Specifiers" for possible values.
+
+If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
+follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
+back end to your select method and give the information
+about the server there.
+@example
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
+ (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
+ (nnimap-port 143)
+ (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
+@end example
@noindent
- You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
- authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
- Specifiers" for possible values.
-
-
- If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
- follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
- back end to your select method and give the information
- about the server there.
-
-
-@example
-(add-to-list
- 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
- (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
- (nnimap-port 143)
- (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
-@end example
-
-@noindent
- Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
- server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
- Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.10:
-
- At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
- Gnus to read my mail from it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
- activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
- above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.11], , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 3.11:
-
- Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
- retrieves via POP3?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
- if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
- Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
- server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
- need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
- functionality to do so.
-
-
- However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
- achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
- program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
- on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
- could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
- Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
-
-
- The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
- uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
- of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
- the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
- look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
- Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
- GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
- (If you know the home of this file, please send me an
- e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
- (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
- "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
- it.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+
+Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
+server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
+Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
+
+@node FAQ 3-10
+@subsubheading Question 3.10
+
+At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
+Gnus to read my mail from it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
+activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
+above.
+
+@node FAQ 3-11
+@subsubheading Question 3.11
+
+Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+retrieves via POP3?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Yes, if the POP3 server supports the UIDL control (maybe almost servers
+do it nowadays). To do that, add a @code{:leave VALUE} pair to each
+POP3 mail source. See @pxref{Mail Source Specifiers} for VALUE.
+
+@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages
@subsection Reading messages
@menu
-* [4.1]:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone.
- How to view them again?
-* [4.2]:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time
- I enter a group, even when it's read?
-* [4.3]:: How to view the headers of a message?
-* [4.4]:: How to view the raw unformatted message?
-* [4.5]:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the
- top of the article buffer?
-* [4.6]:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
- text part if it's available. How to do it?
-* [4.7]:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-* [4.8]:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
- more readable?
-* [4.9]:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors
- or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more
- interesting ones in some way?
-* [4.10]:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set
- other variables specific for some groups?
-* [4.11]:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those?
-* [4.12]:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in
- group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups.
- Is this a bug?
-* [4.13]:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer,
- how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
-* [4.14]:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-* [4.15]:: How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+* FAQ 4-1:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to
+ view them again?
+* FAQ 4-2:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time
+ I enter a group, even when it's read?
+* FAQ 4-3:: How to view the headers of a message?
+* FAQ 4-4:: How to view the raw unformatted message?
+* FAQ 4-5:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+ the top of the article buffer?
+* FAQ 4-6:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+ text part if it's available. How to do it?
+* FAQ 4-7:: Can I use some other browser than shr to render my
+ HTML-mails?
+* FAQ 4-8:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted
+ mails more readable?
+* FAQ 4-9:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+ authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
+ highlight more interesting ones in some way?
+* FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups,
+ or set other variables specific for some groups?
+* FAQ 4-11:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+ those?
+* FAQ 4-12:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+ displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail
+ groups. Is this a bug?
+* FAQ 4-13:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer,
+ how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+* FAQ 4-14:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to
+ tweak it?
+* FAQ 4-15:: How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+* FAQ 4-16:: How can I ensure more contrast when viewing HTML mail?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.1:
+@node FAQ 4-1
+@subsubheading Question 4.1
- When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-
+When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- If you enter the group by saying
- @samp{RET}
- in summary buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
- @samp{C-u RET}
- instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
- @samp{C-u 300 RET}
-
+If you enter the group by saying
+@samp{RET}
+in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
+@samp{C-u RET}
+instead to load all available messages. If you want only the 300 newest say
+@samp{C-u 300 RET}
- Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
-
+Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
@example
(setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some)
@end example
-
-
-@noindent
- in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load
- all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
- fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
-
-
- If you already use Gnus 5.10.0, you can say
- @samp{/o N}
- In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
-
-
- If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
- you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
- the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.2:
-
- How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
- enter a group, even when it's read?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can tick important messages. To do this hit
- @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
- over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
- either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
- mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
- (which deletes all marks for the message).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.3:
-
- How to view the headers of a message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say @samp{t}
- to show all headers, one more
- @samp{t}
- hides them again.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.4:
-
- How to view the raw unformatted message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say
- @samp{C-u g}
- to show the raw message
- @samp{g}
- returns to normal view.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.5:
-
- How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
- the top of the article buffer?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
- are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
- which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
- date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
- say this in ~/.gnus:
-
-@example
-(setq gnus-visible-headers
- "^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\
-\\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)")
-@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.6:
-
- I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
- text part if it's available. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say
-
+@noindent
+
+in @file{~/.gnus.el} to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with @code{t} to load
+all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
+fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
+
+If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say
+@samp{/o N}
+In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
+
+If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
+you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
+the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
+
+@node FAQ 4-2
+@subsubheading Question 4.2
+
+How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
+enter a group, even when it's read?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can tick important messages. To do this hit
+@samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
+over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
+either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
+mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
+(which deletes all marks for the message).
+
+@node FAQ 4-3
+@subsubheading Question 4.3
+
+How to view the headers of a message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say @samp{t}
+to show all headers, one more
+@samp{t}
+hides them again.
+
+@node FAQ 4-4
+@subsubheading Question 4.4
+
+How to view the raw unformatted message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say
+@samp{C-u g}
+to show the raw message
+@samp{g}
+returns to normal view.
+
+@node FAQ 4-5
+@subsubheading Question 4.5
+
+How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+the top of the article buffer?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
+are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
+which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
+date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
+say this in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
+
+@example
+(setq gnus-visible-headers
+ '("^From" "^Subject" "^Date" "^Newsgroups" "^Followup-To"
+ "^User-Agent" "^X-Newsreader" "^X-Mailer"))
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 4-6
+@subsubheading Question 4.6
+
+I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+text part if it's available. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say
@example
(eval-after-load "mm-decode"
- '(progn
+ '(progn
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html")
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add
-
+
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add
@example
(setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display))
@end example
-
@noindent
- too.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.7:
- Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-
+too.
+
+@node FAQ 4-7
+@subsubheading Question 4.7
-Answer:
+Can I use some other browser than w3m to render my HTML-mails?
- Only if you use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger. In this case you've got the
- choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
- one is used can be specified in the variable
- mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
- mail say
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the
+choice between shr, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
+one is used can be specified in the variable
+mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
+mail say
@example
(setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links)
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.8:
-
- Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
- more readable?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail,
- you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The most
- interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" (
- @samp{W w}
- ), "Decode ROT13" (
- @samp{W r}
- ) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used
- by many users of Microsoft products (
- @samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
- See @samp{W Y C-h} or
- have a look at the menus for other deuglifications).
- Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.0.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.9:
-
- Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
- authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
- highlight more interesting ones in some way?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
- which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
- the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
- it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
- value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
-
-
- There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
- the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
- up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
- reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
- to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
- @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
- Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
- be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
- we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
- header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
- Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
- @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
- everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
- name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
- Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
- @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
- forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
- @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
-
-
- You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
- f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
- of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
- only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
- Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
- whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
- is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
- which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
- matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
- following to your all.Score:
-
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 4-8
+@subsubheading Question 4.8
+
+Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
+more readable?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, you can
+find them if you browse through the menu, item
+Article->Washing. The most interesting ones are probably "Wrap
+long lines" (@samp{W w}), "Decode ROT13"
+(@samp{W r}) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs
+the dumb quoting used by many users of Microsoft products
+(@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
+See @samp{W Y C-h} or have a look at the menus for
+other deuglifications). Outlook deuglify is only available since
+Gnus 5.10.
+
+@node FAQ 4-9
+@subsubheading Question 4.9
+
+Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
+highlight more interesting ones in some way?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
+which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
+the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
+it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
+value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
+
+There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
+the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
+up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
+reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
+to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
+@samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
+Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
+be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
+we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
+header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
+Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
+@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
+everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
+name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
+Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit
+@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
+forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
+@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
+
+You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
+f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
+of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
+only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
+Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
+whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
+is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
+which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
+matching. If you find me very interesting, you could add the
+following to your all.Score:
@example
(("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s))
("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s)))
@end example
-
@noindent
- This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
- and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
- indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
- nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
-
- The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
- watches you and tries to find out what you find
- interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
- which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
- when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
- adaptive scoring say
-
+This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
+and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
+indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
+nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
+
+The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
+watches you and tries to find out what you find
+interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
+which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
+when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
+adaptive scoring say
@example
(setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t)
@end example
+@noindent
+
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}.
+
+@node FAQ 4-10
+@subsubheading Question 4.10
+
+How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or
+set other variables specific for some groups?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
+@samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
+can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
+you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
+locally for the group. To disable threading enter
+gnus-show-threads as name of variable and @code{nil} as
+value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
+you're ready.
+
+@node FAQ 4-11
+@subsubheading Question 4.11
+
+Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+those?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
+in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
+make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
+like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
+special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
+faces.
+
+@node FAQ 4-12
+@subsubheading Question 4.12
+
+The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
+mail groups. Is this a bug?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
+mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
+back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number @minus{}
+lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
+works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
+many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
+symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
+(this makes Gnus get all messages), then
+hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
+then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
+all messages to the group they have been in before, they
+get new message numbers in this process and the count is
+right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
+groups again).
+
+@node FAQ 4-13
+@subsubheading Question 4.13
+I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
+to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can control the windows configuration by calling the
+function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
+complicated but explained very well in the manual node
+"Window Layout". Some popular examples:
+
+Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
+article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
+space"):
+
+@example
+(gnus-add-configuration
+ '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0))))
+@end example
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.10:
-
- How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
- set other variables specific for some groups?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
- @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
- can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
- you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
- locally for the group. To disable threading enter
- gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
- value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
- you're ready.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.11:
-
- Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
- those?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
- in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
- make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
- like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
- special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
- faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org}
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.12:
-
- The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
- displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
- mail groups. Is this a bug?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
- mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
- back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
- lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
- works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
- many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
- symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
- (this makes Gnus get all messages), then
- hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
- then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
- all messages to the group they have been in before, they
- get new message numbers in this process and the count is
- right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
- groups again).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.13:
-
- I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
- to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can control the windows configuration by calling the
- function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
- complicated but explained very well in the manual node
- "Window Layout". Some popular examples:
-
-
- Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
- article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
- space"):
-
-
-@example
-(gnus-add-configuration
- '(article (vertical 1.0
- (summary .35 point)
- (article 1.0))))
-@end example
-
-
- A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
- buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
-
+
+A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
+buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
@example
(gnus-add-configuration
'(article
(horizontal 1.0
- (vertical 25
- (group 1.0))
- (vertical 1.0
- (summary 0.25 point)
- (article 1.0)))))
+ (vertical 25
+ (group 1.0))
+ (vertical 1.0
+ (summary 0.25 point)
+ (article 1.0)))))
(gnus-add-configuration
'(summary
(horizontal 1.0
- (vertical 25
- (group 1.0))
- (vertical 1.0
- (summary 1.0 point)))))
+ (vertical 25
+ (group 1.0))
+ (vertical 1.0
+ (summary 1.0 point)))))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.14:
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 4-14
+@subsubheading Question 4.14
- I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-
+I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- You've got to play around with the variable
- gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of
- symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
- etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
- manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
- node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There
- you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
- tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
- sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
-
+You've got to play around with the variable
+gnus-summary-line-format. Its value is a string of
+symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
+etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
+manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
+node "Formatting Variables" and its sub-nodes. There
+you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
+tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
+sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
- Since 5.10.0, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
- e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
- gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
- articles age. Here's an example which uses both:
-
+Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
+e.g., %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
+gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
+articles age. Here's an example which uses both:
@example
-(setq gnus-summary-line-format
- ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n")
+(setq gnus-summary-line-format ":%U%R %B %s %-60=|%4L |%-20,20f |%&user-date; \n")
@end example
-
@noindent
- resulting in:
-
-@smallexample
+resulting in:
+
+@example
:O Re: [Richard Stallman] rfc2047.el | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:06
:O Re: Revival of the ding-patches list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:12
:R > Re: Find correct list of articles for a gro| 25 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:16
:O \-> ... | 115 |Raymond Scholz | 1:24
:O \-> ... | 19 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |15:33
:O Slow mailing list | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:49
-:O Re: `@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50
+:O Re: '@@' mark not documented | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:50
:R > Re: Gnus still doesn't count messages prope| 23 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt |Sat 23:57
:O \-> ... | 18 |Kai Grossjohann | 0:35
:O \-> ... | 13 |Lars Magne Ingebrigt | 0:56
-@end smallexample
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.15], , [4.14], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 4.15:
-
- How to split incoming mails in several groups?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy
- nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail
- Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to
- the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter.
-
-
- The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element
- is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has
- the form "group where matching articles should go to",
- "regular expression which has to be matched", the first
- rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a
- general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where
- articles should go which don't match any other rule. If
- the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon
- as an article lands there. By default the mail will be
- send to all groups whose rules match. If you
- don't want that (you probably don't want), say
-
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 4-15
+@subsubheading Question 4.15
+
+How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers two possibilities for splitting mail, the easy
+nnmail-split-methods and the more powerful Fancy Mail
+Splitting. I'll only talk about the first one, refer to
+the manual, node "Fancy Mail Splitting" for the latter.
+
+The value of nnmail-split-methods is a list, each element
+is a list which stands for a splitting rule. Each rule has
+the form "group where matching articles should go to",
+"regular expression which has to be matched", the first
+rule which matches wins. The last rule must always be a
+general rule (regular expression .*) which denotes where
+articles should go which don't match any other rule. If
+the folder doesn't exist yet, it will be created as soon
+as an article lands there. By default the mail will be
+send to all groups whose rules match. If you
+don't want that (you probably don't want), say
@example
(setq nnmail-crosspost nil)
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
- An example might be better than thousand words, so here's
- my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a
- special group and that the default group is spam, since I
- filter all mails out which are from some list I'm
- subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me
- before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which
- reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers
- from using them):
-
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}.
+
+An example might be better than thousand words, so here's
+my nnmail-split-methods. Note that I send duplicates in a
+special group and that the default group is spam, since I
+filter all mails out which are from some list I'm
+subscribed to or which are addressed directly to me
+before. Those rules kill about 80% of the Spam which
+reaches me (Email addresses are changed to prevent spammers
+from using them):
@example
(setq nnmail-split-methods
'(("duplicates" "^Gnus-Warning:.*duplicate")
- ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.bla.*")
- ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.bla.*")
- ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.bla.*")
- ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.bla.*")
- ("Hamster-src"
- "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*")
- ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.bla>$")
- ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.bla.*")
- ("EK"
- "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.bla\\|localpart@@workplace.bla\\).*")
- ("Spam"
- "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*")
- ("Spam"
- "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*")
- ("Spam"
- "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*")
+ ("XEmacs-NT" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@xemacs.invalid.*")
+ ("Gnus-Tut" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@socha.invalid.*")
+ ("tcsh" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@mx.gw.invalid.*")
+ ("BAfH" "^\\(To:\\|CC:\\).*localpart@@.*uni-muenchen.invalid.*")
+ ("Hamster-src" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*hamster-sourcen@@yahoogroups.\\(de\\|com\\).*")
+ ("Tagesschau" "^From: tagesschau <localpart@@www.tagesschau.invalid>$")
+ ("Replies" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid.*")
+ ("EK" "^From:.*\\(localpart@@privateprovider.invalid\\|localpart@@workplace.invalid\\).*")
+ ("Spam" "^Content-Type:.*\\(ks_c_5601-1987\\|EUC-KR\\|big5\\|iso-2022-jp\\).*")
+ ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(This really work\\|XINGA\\|ADV:\\|XXX\\|adult\\|sex\\).*")
+ ("Spam" "^Subject:.*\\(\=\?ks_c_5601-1987\?\\|\=\?euc-kr\?\\|\=\?big5\?\\).*")
("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*BulkMailer.*\\|.*MIME::Lite.*\\|\\)")
- ("Spam"
- "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)")
- ("Spam"
- "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*")
- ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.bla$")
+ ("Spam" "^X-Mailer:\\(.*CyberCreek Avalanche\\|.*http\:\/\/GetResponse\.com\\)")
+ ("Spam" "^From:.*\\(verizon\.net\\|prontomail\.com\\|money\\|ConsumerDirect\\).*")
+ ("Spam" "^Delivered-To: GMX delivery to spamtrap@@gmx.invalid$")
("Spam" "^Received: from link2buy.com")
- ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.bla")
+ ("Spam" "^CC: .*azzrael@@t-online.invalid")
("Spam" "^X-Mailer-Version: 1.50 BETA")
- ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.bla.*")
- ("Inbox"
- "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.bla\\|adress@@two.bla\\)")
+ ("Uni" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*localpart@@uni-koblenz.invalid.*")
+ ("Inbox" "^\\(CC:\\|To:\\).*\\(my\ name\\|address@@one.invalid\\|address@@two.invalid\\)")
("Spam" "")))
@end example
-
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 4-16
+@subsubheading Question 4.16
+
+How can I ensure more contrast when viewing HTML mail?
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus' built-in simple HTML renderer (you use it if the value of
+@code{mm-text-html-renderer} is @code{shr}) uses the colors which are
+declared in the HTML mail. However, it adjusts them in order to
+prevent situations like dark gray text on black background. In case
+the results still have a too low contrast for you, increase the values
+of the variables @code{shr-color-visible-distance-min} and
+@code{shr-color-visible-luminance-min}.
+
+@node FAQ 5 - Composing messages
@subsection Composing messages
@menu
-* [5.1]:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and
- postings?
-* [5.2]:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
-* [5.3]:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
-* [5.4]:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the
- group I post too?
-* [5.5]:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
-* [5.6]:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
-* [5.7]:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember all
- those email addresses?
-* [5.8]:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article buffer.
- What's that and how can I send one with my postings, too?
-* [5.9]:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in newsgroups.
- Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in newsgroups?
-* [5.10]:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
-* [5.11]:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and news,
- how to do it?
-* [5.12]:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct,
- why aren't they and how to fix it?
+* FAQ 5-1:: What are the basic commands I need to know for sending
+ mail and postings?
+* FAQ 5-2:: How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing
+ messages?
+* FAQ 5-3:: How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To,
+ signature...?
+* FAQ 5-4:: Can I set things like From, Signature etc. group based on
+ the group I post too?
+* FAQ 5-5:: Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly
+ spell-checking?
+* FAQ 5-6:: Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting
+ to?
+* FAQ 5-7:: Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't
+ remember all those email addresses?
+* FAQ 5-8:: Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
+ buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my postings,
+ too?
+* FAQ 5-9:: Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
+ newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
+ newsgroups?
+* FAQ 5-10:: How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
+* FAQ 5-11:: I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
+ news, how to do it?
+* FAQ 5-12:: I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending
+ instead of keeping it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it?
+* FAQ 5-13:: People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
+ aren't they and how to fix it?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.1], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.1:
+@node FAQ 5-1
+@subsubheading Question 5.1
+
+What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings?
- What are the basic commands I need to know for sending mail and postings?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m}
+either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's
+either @samp{a} in Group buffer and
+filling the Newsgroups header manually
+or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the
+group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail
+is
+@samp{r} if you don't want to cite the
+author, or import the cited text manually and
+@samp{R} to cite the text of the original
+message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's
+@samp{f} and @samp{F}
+(analogously to @samp{r} and
+@samp{R}).
- To start composing a new mail hit @samp{m}
- either in Group or Summary buffer, for a posting, it's
- either @samp{a} in Group buffer and
- filling the Newsgroups header manually
- or @samp{a} in the Summary buffer of the
- group where the posting shall be send to. Replying by mail
- is
- @samp{r} if you don't want to cite the
- author, or import the cited text manually and
- @samp{R} to cite the text of the original
- message. For a follow up to a newsgroup, it's
- @samp{f} and @samp{F}
- (analog to @samp{r} and
- @samp{R}.
-
+Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows
+this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready
+hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message,
+if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c
+C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you
+can start editing it again by saying @samp{D
+e}.
- Enter new headers above the line saying "--text follows
- this line--", enter the text below the line. When ready
- hit @samp{C-c C-c}, to send the message,
- if you want to finish it later hit @samp{C-c
- C-d} to save it in the drafts group, where you
- can start editing it again by saying @samp{D
- e}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.2], [5.3], [5.1], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.2:
+@node FAQ 5-2
+@subsubheading Question 5.2
- How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
-
+How to enable automatic word-wrap when composing messages?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Say
-
+Starting from No Gnus, automatic word-wrap is already enabled by
+default, see the variable message-fill-column.
+
+For other versions of Gnus, say
@example
-(add-hook 'message-mode-hook
- (lambda ()
- (setq fill-column 72)
- (turn-on-auto-fill)))
+(unless (boundp 'message-fill-column)
+ (add-hook 'message-mode-hook
+ (lambda ()
+ (setq fill-column 72)
+ (turn-on-auto-fill))))
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus. You can reformat a paragraph by hitting
- @samp{M-q} (as usual)
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.3], [5.4], [5.2], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.3:
- How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
-
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}.
-Answer:
+You can reformat a paragraph by hitting @samp{M-q}
+(as usual).
- There are other ways, but you should use posting styles
- for this. (See below why).
- This example should make the syntax clear:
-
+@node FAQ 5-3
+@subsubheading Question 5.3
+
+How to set stuff like From, Organization, Reply-To, signature...?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There are other ways, but you should use posting styles
+for this. (See below why).
+This example should make the syntax clear:
@example
(setq gnus-posting-styles
'((".*"
(name "Frank Schmitt")
- (address "me@@there.bla")
+ (address "me@@there.invalid")
(organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
(signature-file "~/.signature")
("X-SampleHeader" "foobar")
(eval (setq some-variable "Foo bar")))))
@end example
-
@noindent
- The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones
- (see below), valid values for the first element of the
- following lists are signature, signature-file,
- organization, address, name or body. The attribute name
- can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as
- a header name, and the value will be inserted in the
- headers of the article; if the value is `nil', the header
- name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)),
- then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar
- and the result will be thrown away.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.4], [5.5], [5.3], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.4:
-
- Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*"
- to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp
- like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied
- to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use
- ".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings
- send to groups containing the string binaries in their
- name etc.
-
-
- You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function
- which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the
- corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting
- candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if
- the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding
- message-mail-p.
-
-
- Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in
- the example below, when I post to
- gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under
- ".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and
- those under "^gmane" and those under
- "^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because
- of this put general settings at the top and specific ones
- at the bottom.
-
+
+The ".*" means that this settings are the default ones
+(see below), valid values for the first element of the
+following lists are signature, signature-file,
+organization, address, name or body. The attribute name
+can also be a string. In that case, this will be used as
+a header name, and the value will be inserted in the
+headers of the article; if the value is @code{nil}, the header
+name will be removed. You can also say (eval (foo bar)),
+then the function foo will be evaluated with argument bar
+and the result will be thrown away.
+
+@node FAQ 5-4
+@subsubheading Question 5.4
+
+Can I set things like From, Signature etc group based on the group I post too?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+That's the strength of posting styles. Before, we used ".*"
+to set the default for all groups. You can use a regexp
+like "^gmane" and the following settings are only applied
+to postings you send to the gmane hierarchy, use
+".*binaries" instead and they will be applied to postings
+send to groups containing the string binaries in their
+name etc.
+
+You can instead of specifying a regexp specify a function
+which is evaluated, only if it returns true, the
+corresponding settings take effect. Two interesting
+candidates for this are message-news-p which returns t if
+the current Group is a newsgroup and the corresponding
+message-mail-p.
+
+Note that all forms that match are applied, that means in
+the example below, when I post to
+gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general, the settings under
+".*" are applied and the settings under message-news-p and
+those under "^gmane" and those under
+"^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$". Because
+of this put general settings at the top and specific ones
+at the bottom.
@example
(setq gnus-posting-styles
- '((".*" ;;default
- (name "Frank Schmitt")
- (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
- (signature-file "~/.signature"))
- ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news?
- (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.bla")
- ("Reply-To" "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
- ((message-mail-p) ;;mail?
- (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.bla"))
- ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact
- (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.net")
- ("Reply-To" nil))
- ("^gmane.mail.spam.spamassassin.general$"
- (eval (setq mail-envelope-from "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))
- (address "Azzrael@@rz-online.de"))))
-@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.5], [5.6], [5.4], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.5:
-
- Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
-
-
-Answer:
-
-You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the first
-thing to do is to make sure that you've got either
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html,ispell}
-or
-@item
-@uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/,aspell}
-@end itemize
+ '((".*" ;;default
+ (name "Frank Schmitt")
+ (organization "Hamme net, kren mer och nimmi")
+ (signature-file "~/.signature"))
+ ((message-news-p) ;;Usenet news?
+ (address "mySpamTrap@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")
+ (reply-to "hereRealRepliesOnlyPlease@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid"))
+ ((message-mail-p) ;;mail?
+ (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid"))
+ ("^gmane" ;;this is mail, too in fact
+ (address "usedForMails@@Frank-Schmitt.invalid")
+ (reply-to nil))
+ ("^gmane\\.mail\\.spam\\.spamassassin\\.general$"
+ (eval (set (make-local-variable 'message-sendmail-envelope-from)
+ "Azzrael@@rz-online.de")))))
+@end example
@noindent
-installed and in your Path.
-Then you need
-@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html,ispell.el,ispell.el}
+@node FAQ 5-5
+@subsubheading Question 5.5
+
+Is there a spell-checker? Perhaps even on-the-fly spell-checking?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can use ispell.el to spell-check stuff in Emacs. So the
+first thing to do is to make sure that you've got either
+@uref{http://fmg-www.cs.ucla.edu/fmg-members/geoff/ispell.html, ispell}
+or @uref{http://aspell.sourceforge.net/, aspell}
+installed and in your Path. Then you need
+@uref{http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/ispell-page.html, ispell.el}
and for on-the-fly spell-checking
-@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/mimosa/personnel/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html,flyspell.el,flyspell.el}.
-Ispell.el is shipped with Gnus Emacs and available through the Emacs
-package system, flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs
-text-modes package which is available through the package system, so
-there should be no need to install them manually.
-
+@uref{http://www-sop.inria.fr/members/Manuel.Serrano/flyspell/flyspell.html, flyspell.el}.
+Ispell.el is shipped with Emacs and available through the XEmacs package system,
+flyspell.el is shipped with Emacs and part of XEmacs text-modes package which is
+available through the package system, so there should be no need to install them
+manually.
- Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say
-
+Ispell.el assumes you use ispell, if you choose aspell say
@example
(setq ispell-program-name "aspell")
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- in your Emacs configuration file.
-
- If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say
-
+in your Emacs configuration file.
+
+If you want your outgoing messages to be spell-checked, say
@example
(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message)
@end example
-
@noindent
- In your ~/.gnus, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say
-
+
+In your @file{~/.gnus.el}, if you prefer on-the-fly spell-checking say
@example
(add-hook 'message-mode-hook (lambda () (flyspell-mode 1)))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.6], [5.7], [5.5], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.6:
+@noindent
- Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
-
+@node FAQ 5-6
+@subsubheading Question 5.6
-Answer:
+Can I set the dictionary based on the group I'm posting to?
- Yes, say something like
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Yes, say something like
@example
(add-hook 'gnus-select-group-hook
(t
(ispell-change-dictionary "english")))))
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something
- that suits your needs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.7], [5.8], [5.6], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.7:
- Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
- all those email addresses?
-
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}. Change "^de\\." and "deutsch8" to something
+that suits your needs.
+
+@node FAQ 5-7
+@subsubheading Question 5.7
-Answer:
+Is there some kind of address-book, so I needn't remember
+all those email addresses?
- There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases.
- You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple
- alias syntax:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's an very basic solution for this, mail aliases.
+You can store your mail addresses in a ~/.mailrc file using a simple
+alias syntax:
@example
-alias al "Al <al@@english-heritage.bla>"
+alias al "Al <al@@english-heritage.invalid>"
@end example
-
@noindent
- Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation
- character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will
- cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the
- node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for
- details.
-
- However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother
- Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from
- @uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/,bbdb's homepage}.
- Now place the following in ~/.gnus, to activate bbdb for Gnus:
-
+Then typing your alias (followed by a space or punctuation
+character) on a To: or Cc: line in the message buffer will
+cause Gnus to insert the full address for you. See the
+node "Mail Aliases" in Message (not Gnus) manual for
+details.
+
+However, what you really want is the Insidious Big Brother
+Database bbdb. Get it through the XEmacs package system or from
+@uref{http://bbdb.sourceforge.net/, bbdb's homepage}.
+Now place the following in @file{~/.gnus.el}, to activate bbdb for Gnus:
@example
(require 'bbdb)
(bbdb-initialize 'gnus 'message)
@end example
-
@noindent
- Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration,
- place them in ~/.emacs:
-
+
+Now you probably want some general bbdb configuration,
+place them in ~/.emacs:
@example
(require 'bbdb)
-;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the
+;;If you don't live in Northern America, you should disable the
;;syntax check for telephone numbers by saying
(setq bbdb-north-american-phone-numbers-p nil)
;;Tell bbdb about your email address:
(setq bbdb-user-mail-names
- (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.bla"
- "Your.other@@mail.there.bla")))
+ (regexp-opt '("Your.Email@@here.invalid"
+ "Your.other@@mail.there.invalid")))
;;cycling while completing email addresses
(setq bbdb-complete-name-allow-cycling t)
;;No popup-buffers
(setq bbdb-use-pop-up nil)
@end example
-
@noindent
- Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET
- RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all
- entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new
- entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and
- @samp{C-o} to add a new field to an
- entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can
- also just hit `:' on the posting in the summary buffer and
- you are done. When you now compose a new mail,
- hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know
- recipients.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.8], [5.9], [5.7], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.8:
-
- Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
- buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my
- postings, too?
-
-Answer:
-
- Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w
- pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include
- one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a
- X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say
- Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the
- relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to
- 48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface
- package from
- @uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/,this site}.
- and create the actual X-face by saying
-
+Now you should be ready to go. Say @samp{M-x bbdb RET
+RET} to open a bbdb buffer showing all
+entries. Say @samp{c} to create a new
+entry, @samp{b} to search your BBDB and
+@samp{C-o} to add a new field to an
+entry. If you want to add a sender to the BBDB you can
+also just hit @kbd{:} on the posting in the summary buffer and
+you are done. When you now compose a new mail,
+hit @samp{TAB} to cycle through know
+recipients.
+
+@node FAQ 5-8
+@subsubheading Question 5.8
+
+Sometimes I see little images at the top of article
+buffer. What's that and how can I send one with my
+postings, too?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Those images are called X-Faces. They are 48*48 pixel b/w
+pictures, encoded in a header line. If you want to include
+one in your posts, you've got to convert some image to a
+X-Face. So fire up some image manipulation program (say
+Gimp), open the image you want to include, cut out the
+relevant part, reduce color depth to 1 bit, resize to
+48*48 and save as bitmap. Now you should get the compface
+package from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu:/pub/faces/, this site}.
+and create the actual X-face by saying
@example
-cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon |compface > file.face
-cat ./file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g' | sed 's/\"/\\\"/g' > ./file.face.quoted
+cat file.xbm | xbm2ikon | compface > file.face
+cat file.face | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g;s/\"/\\\"/g;' > file.face.quoted
@end example
-
@noindent
-If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at@*
-@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}. If you use MS Windows, you
-could also use the WinFace program from
-@uref{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}.
-Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings
-by saying
+If you can't use compface, there's an online X-face converter at
+@uref{http://www.dairiki.org/xface/}.
+If you use MS Windows, you could also use the WinFace program,
+which used to be available from
+@indicateurl{http://www.xs4all.nl/~walterln/winface/}.
+Now you only have to tell Gnus to include the X-face in your postings by saying
@example
(setq message-default-headers
(with-temp-buffer
(insert "X-Face: ")
- (insert-file-contents "~/.xemacs/xface")
+ (insert-file-contents "~/.xface")
(buffer-string)))
@end example
+@noindent
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you use Gnus 5.10, you can simply add an entry
+
+@example
+(x-face-file "~/.xface")
+@end example
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.9], [5.10], [5.8], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.9:
- Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
- newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
- newsgroups?
-
+to gnus-posting-styles.
+
+@node FAQ 5-9
+@subsubheading Question 5.9
+
+Sometimes I accidentally hit r instead of f in
+newsgroups. Can Gnus warn me, when I'm replying by mail in
+newsgroups?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Put this in ~/.gnus:
-
+Put this in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(setq gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news t)
@end example
-
@noindent
- if you already use Gnus 5.10.0, if you still use 5.8.8 or
- 5.9 try this instead:
-
+
+if you already use Gnus 5.10, if you still use 5.8.8 or
+5.9 try this instead:
@example
-(defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate)
+(eval-after-load "gnus-msg"
+ '(unless (boundp 'gnus-confirm-mail-reply-to-news)
+ (defadvice gnus-summary-reply (around reply-in-news activate)
+ "Request confirmation when replying to news."
(interactive)
- (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name))
- (y-or-n-p "Really reply? "))
- ad-do-it))
+ (when (or (not (gnus-news-group-p gnus-newsgroup-name))
+ (y-or-n-p "Really reply by mail to article author? "))
+ ad-do-it))))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.10], [5.11], [5.9], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.10:
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 5-10
+@subsubheading Question 5.10
- How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
-
+How to tell Gnus not to generate a sender header?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Since 5.10.0 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by
- default. For older Gnus' try this in ~/.gnus:
-
+Since 5.10 Gnus doesn't generate a sender header by
+default. For older Gnus' try this in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(eval-after-load "message"
'(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
@end example
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.11], [5.12], [5.10], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.11:
+@noindent
- I want gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
- news, how to do it?
-
+@node FAQ 5-11
+@subsubheading Question 5.11
-Answer:
+I want Gnus to locally store copies of my send mail and
+news, how to do it?
- You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do
- this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the
- group where the copies shall go or like in the example
- below use a function which is evaluated and which returns
- the group to use.
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You must set the variable gnus-message-archive-group to do
+this. You can set it to a string giving the name of the
+group where the copies shall go or like in the example
+below use a function which is evaluated and which returns
+the group to use.
@example
(setq gnus-message-archive-group
- '((if (message-news-p)
- "nnml:Send-News"
- "nnml:Send-Mail")))
-@end example
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [5.12], , [5.11], FAQ 5 - Composing messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 5.12:
-
- People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
- aren't they and how to fix it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The message-ID is an unique identifier for messages you
- send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine
- name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine
- where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't
- at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use
- by saying
+ '((if (message-news-p)
+ "nnml:Send-News"
+ "nnml:Send-Mail")))
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 5-12
+@subsubheading Question 5.12
+
+I want Gnus to kill the buffer after successful sending instead of keeping
+it alive as "Sent mail to...", how to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Add this to your ~/.gnus:
+
+@example
+(setq message-kill-buffer-on-exit t)
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+@node FAQ 5-13
+@subsubheading Question 5.13
+
+People tell me my Message-IDs are not correct, why
+aren't they and how to fix it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The message-ID is a unique identifier for messages you
+send. To make it unique, Gnus need to know which machine
+name to put after the "@@". If the name of the machine
+where Gnus is running isn't suitable (it probably isn't
+at most private machines) you can tell Gnus what to use
+by saying:
+
@example
(setq message-user-fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld")
@end example
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus. If you use Gnus 5.9 or ealier, you can use this
-instead:
+
+in @file{~/.gnus.el}. If you use Gnus 5.9 or earlier, you can use this
+instead (works for newer versions as well):
+
@example
(eval-after-load "message"
- '(let (myfqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld");; <-- Edit this!
+ '(let ((fqdn "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld"));; <-- Edit this!
(if (boundp 'message-user-fqdn)
(setq message-user-fqdn fqdn)
(gnus-message 1 "Redefining `message-make-fqdn'.")
(defun message-make-fqdn ()
- "Return user's fully qualified domain name."
+ "Return user’s fully qualified domain name."
fqdn))))
@end example
+@noindent
- If you have no idea what to insert for
- "yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several
- choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows
- you to use something like
- yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use
- somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain
- yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which
- gives private users a FQDN for free, e.g.
- @uref{http://www.stura.tu-freiberg.de/~dlx/addfqdn.html}.
- (Sorry but this website is in German, if you know of an
- English one offering the same, drop me a note).
-
+If you have no idea what to insert for
+"yourmachine.yourdomain.tld", you've got several
+choices. You can either ask your provider if he allows
+you to use something like
+yourUserName.userfqdn.provider.net, or you can use
+somethingUnique.yourdomain.tld if you own the domain
+yourdomain.tld, or you can register at a service which
+gives private users a FQDN for free.
- Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID
- for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying
-
+Finally you can tell Gnus not to generate a Message-ID
+for News at all (and letting the server do the job) by saying
@example
(setq message-required-news-headers
(remove' Message-ID message-required-news-headers))
@end example
-
@noindent
- you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying
-
+
+you can also tell Gnus not to generate Message-IDs for mail by saying
@example
(setq message-required-mail-headers
(remove' Message-ID message-required-mail-headers))
@end example
-
@noindent
- , however some mail servers don't generate proper
- Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves
- correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+, however some mail servers don't generate proper
+Message-IDs, too, so test if your Mail Server behaves
+correctly by sending yourself a Mail and looking at the Message-ID.
+
+@node FAQ 6 - Old messages
@subsection Old messages
@menu
-* [6.1]:: How to import my old mail into Gnus?
-* [6.2]:: How to archive interesting messages?
-* [6.3]:: How to search for a specific message?
-* [6.4]:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
-* [6.5]:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in some
- groups). How to do it?
-* [6.6]:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
- to another group.
+* FAQ 6-1:: How to import my old mail into Gnus?
+* FAQ 6-2:: How to archive interesting messages?
+* FAQ 6-3:: How to search for a specific message?
+* FAQ 6-4:: How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
+* FAQ 6-5:: I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
+ some groups). How to do it?
+* FAQ 6-6:: I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move
+ them to another group.
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.1], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages, FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.1:
-
- How to import my old mail into Gnus?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to
- export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers
- are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows
- world, you may find tools at
- @uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}.
-
-
- Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do
- this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by
- saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in
- Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your
- mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal
- Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've
- just created by saying @samp{C-u RET}
- (thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all
- messages by saying @samp{M P b} and
- either copy them to the desired group by saying
- @samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them
- through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying
- @samp{B r}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.2], [6.3], [6.1], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.2:
-
- How to archive interesting messages?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you stumble across an interesting message, say in
- gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several
- solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file
- by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't
- it be much more convenient to have more direct access to
- the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this
- snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in
- ~/.gnus:
-
+@node FAQ 6-1
+@subsubheading Question 6.1
+
+How to import my old mail into Gnus?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The easiest way is to tell your old mail program to
+export the messages in mbox format. Most Unix mailers
+are able to do this, if you come from the MS Windows
+world, you may find tools at
+@uref{http://mbx2mbox.sourceforge.net/}.
+
+Now you've got to import this mbox file into Gnus. To do
+this, create a nndoc group based on the mbox file by
+saying @samp{G f /path/file.mbox RET} in
+Group buffer. You now have read-only access to your
+mail. If you want to import the messages to your normal
+Gnus mail groups hierarchy, enter the nndoc group you've
+just created by saying @samp{C-u RET}
+(thus making sure all messages are retrieved), mark all
+messages by saying @samp{M P b} and
+either copy them to the desired group by saying
+@samp{B c name.of.group RET} or send them
+through nnmail-split-methods (respool them) by saying
+@samp{B r}.
+
+@node FAQ 6-2
+@subsubheading Question 6.2
+
+How to archive interesting messages?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you stumble across an interesting message, say in
+gnu.emacs.gnus and want to archive it there are several
+solutions. The first and easiest is to save it to a file
+by saying @samp{O f}. However, wouldn't
+it be much more convenient to have more direct access to
+the archived message from Gnus? If you say yes, put this
+snippet by Frank Haun <pille3003@@fhaun.de> in
+@file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(defun my-archive-article (&optional n)
- "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g.
-`gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes
-to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'.
+ "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding ‘nnml:’ group, e.g.,
+‘gnus.ding’ goes to ‘nnml:1.gnus.ding’. And ‘nnml:List-gnus.ding’ goes
+to ‘nnml:1.List-gnus-ding’.
Use process marks or mark a region in the summary buffer to archive
more then one article."
(replace-regexp-in-string "^.*:" "" gnus-newsgroup-name)))))
(gnus-summary-copy-article n archive-name)))
@end example
-
@noindent
- You can now say @samp{M-x
- my-archive-article} in summary buffer to
- archive the article under the cursor in a nnml
- group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end)
-
- Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying
-
+You can now say @samp{M-x
+my-archive-article} in summary buffer to
+archive the article under the cursor in a nnml
+group. (Change nnml to your preferred back end)
+
+Of course you can also make sure the cache is enabled by saying
@example
(setq gnus-use-cache t)
@end example
-
@noindent
- then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant
- mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read
- mark will remove them from cache.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.3], [6.4], [6.2], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.3:
-
- How to search for a specific message?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from
- a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask
- @uref{http://groups.google.com,groups.google.com},
- if you found the posting there, tell Google to display
- the raw message, look for the message-id, and say
- @samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a
- summary buffer.
- Since Gnus 5.10.0 there's also a Gnus interface for
- groups.google.com which you can call with
- @samp{G W}) in group buffer.
-
-
- Another idea which works for both mail and news groups
- is to enter the group where the message you are
- searching is and use the standard Emacs search
- @samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at
- articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to
- search bodies, too try @samp{M-s}
- instead. Further on there are the
- gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you,
- too.
-
-
- Of course you can also use grep to search through your
- local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and
- inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail
- in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end
- to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
- others. You index your mail with one of those search
- engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough
- the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
- messages which met your search criteria. If this sound
- cool to you get nnir.el from the contrib directory of the Gnus
- distribution or
- @uref{http://quimby.gnus.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/gnus/contrib/nnir.el?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/plain}
- Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.4], [6.5], [6.3], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.4:
-
- How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can of course just mark the mail you don't need
- anymore by saying @samp{#} with point
- over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL}
- to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of
- actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by
- saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which
- you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended
- way in Gnus.
-
-
- In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news
- server. That means you tell Gnus the message is
- expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail
- anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point
- over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the
- group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as
- expirable before and if they are old enough (default is
- older than a week) they are deleted.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.5], [6.6], [6.4], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.5:
-
- I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
- some groups). How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in
- mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
- got two choices: auto-expire and
- total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
- which has no marks set and is selected for reading is
- marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E}
- for you every time you read a message. Total-expire
- follows a slightly different approach, here all article
- where the read mark is set are expirable.
-
-
- To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the
- Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G
- c} in summary buffer with point over the
- group to change group parameters). For total-expire add
- total-expire to the group-parameters.
-
-
- Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste:
- Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with
- Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature,
- you should use total-expire.
-
-
- If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in
- a group where total or auto expire is active, set either
- tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit
- @samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you
- can also set the read mark (hit
- @samp{d}).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [6.6], , [6.5], FAQ 6 - Old messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 6.6:
-
- I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
- to another group.
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Say something like this in ~/.gnus:
-
+
+then you only have to set either the tick or the dormant
+mark for articles you want to keep, setting the read
+mark will remove them from cache.
+
+@node FAQ 6-3
+@subsubheading Question 6.3
+
+How to search for a specific message?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There are several ways for this, too. For a posting from
+a Usenet group the easiest solution is probably to ask
+@uref{http://groups.google.com, groups.google.com},
+if you found the posting there, tell Google to display
+the raw message, look for the message-id, and say
+@samp{M-^ the@@message.id RET} in a
+summary buffer.
+Since Gnus 5.10 there's also a Gnus interface for
+groups.google.com which you can call with
+@samp{G W}) in group buffer.
+
+Another idea which works for both mail and news groups
+is to enter the group where the message you are
+searching is and use the standard Emacs search
+@samp{C-s}, it's smart enough to look at
+articles in collapsed threads, too. If you want to
+search bodies, too try @samp{M-s}
+instead. Further on there are the
+gnus-summary-limit-to-foo functions, which can help you,
+too.
+
+Of course you can also use grep to search through your
+local mail, but this is both slow for big archives and
+inconvenient since you are not displaying the found mail
+in Gnus. Here nnir comes into action. Nnir is a front end
+to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
+others. You index your mail with one of those search
+engines and with the help of nnir you can search through
+the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
+messages which met your search criteria. If this sounds
+cool to you, get nnir.el from
+@c FIXME Isn't this file in Gnus?
+@ignore
+@c Dead link 2013/7.
+@uref{ftp://ls6-ftp.cs.uni-dortmund.de/pub/src/emacs/}
+or
+@end ignore
+@uref{ftp://ftp.is.informatik.uni-duisburg.de/pub/src/emacs/}.
+Instructions on how to use it are at the top of the file.
+
+@node FAQ 6-4
+@subsubheading Question 6.4
+
+How to get rid of old unwanted mail?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can of course just mark the mail you don't need
+anymore by saying @samp{#} with point
+over the mail and then say @samp{B DEL}
+to get rid of them forever. You could also instead of
+actually deleting them, send them to a junk-group by
+saying @samp{B m nnml:trash-bin} which
+you clear from time to time, but both are not the intended
+way in Gnus.
+
+In Gnus, we let mail expire like news expires on a news
+server. That means you tell Gnus the message is
+expirable (you tell Gnus "I don't need this mail
+anymore") by saying @samp{E} with point
+over the mail in summary buffer. Now when you leave the
+group, Gnus looks at all messages which you marked as
+expirable before and if they are old enough (default is
+older than a week) they are deleted.
+
+@node FAQ 6-5
+@subsubheading Question 6.5
+
+I want that all read messages are expired (at least in
+some groups). How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g., in
+mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
+got two choices: auto-expire and
+total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
+which has no marks set and is selected for reading is
+marked as expirable, Gnus hits @samp{E}
+for you every time you read a message. Total-expire
+follows a slightly different approach, here all article
+where the read mark is set are expirable.
+
+To activate auto-expire, include auto-expire in the
+Group parameters for the group. (Hit @samp{G
+c} in summary buffer with point over the
+group to change group parameters). For total-expire add
+total-expire to the group-parameters.
+
+Which method you choose is merely a matter of taste:
+Auto-expire is faster, but it doesn't play together with
+Adaptive Scoring, so if you want to use this feature,
+you should use total-expire.
+
+If you want a message to be excluded from expiration in
+a group where total or auto expire is active, set either
+tick (hit @samp{u}) or dormant mark (hit
+@samp{u}), when you use auto-expire, you
+can also set the read mark (hit
+@samp{d}).
+
+@node FAQ 6-6
+@subsubheading Question 6.6
+
+I don't want expiration to delete my mails but to move them
+to another group.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say something like this in @file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(setq nnmail-expiry-target "nnml:expired")
@end example
-
@noindent
- (If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
- on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
- threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other
- variables specific for some groups?")
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 6 - Old messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+(If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
+on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
+threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or set other
+variables specific for some groups?")
+
+@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
@subsection Gnus in a dial-up environment
@menu
-* [7.1]:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I
- minimize the time I've got to be connected?
-* [7.2]:: So what was this thing about the Agent?
-* [7.3]:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
-* [7.4]:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings while
- I'm offline?
+* FAQ 7-1:: I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can I
+ minimize the time I've got to be connected?
+* FAQ 7-2:: So what was this thing about the Agent?
+* FAQ 7-3:: I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do
+ it?
+* FAQ 7-4:: How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
+ while I'm offline?
@end menu
+@node FAQ 7-1
+@subsubheading Question 7.1
+
+I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can
+I minimize the time I've got to be connected?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You've got basically two options: Either you use the
+Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install
+programs which fetch your news and mail to your local
+disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local
+machine.
+
+If you want to follow the second approach, you need a
+program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a
+program which does the same for mail and a program which
+receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them
+when you're online.
+
+Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part,
+the easiest solution is a small nntp server like
+@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/, Leafnode} or
+@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/, sn},
+of course you can also install a full featured news
+server like
+@uref{http://www.isc.org/software/inn/, inn}.
+Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices
+are @uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/, fetchmail}
+and @uref{http://pyropus.ca/software/getmail/, getmail}.
+You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and
+Gnus to read it from there. Last but not least the mail
+sending part: This can be done with every MTA like
+@uref{http://www.sendmail.org/, sendmail},
+@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, postfix},
+@uref{http://www.exim.org/, exim} or
+@uref{http://www.qmail.org/, qmail}.
+
+On windows boxes I'd vote for
+@uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/, Hamster},
+it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
+your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
+to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
+respectively POP3 or IMAP@. It also includes a smtp
+server for receiving mails from Gnus.
+
+@node FAQ 7-2
+@subsubheading Question 7.2
+
+So what was this thing about the Agent?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
+mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
+later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
+newsreaders like Forte Agent. If you want to use
+the Agent place the following in @file{~/.gnus.el} if you are
+still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10):
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.1], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.1:
+@example
+(setq gnus-agent t)
+@end example
+@noindent
- I don't have a permanent connection to the net, how can
- I minimize the time I've got to be connected?
-
+Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be
+stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer
+(that is press @samp{^} while in the
+group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to
+the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the
+server by typing @samp{J a}. If you
+make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this
+action by typing @samp{J r}. When
+you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer.
+Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized
+server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from
+there the next time you enter the group.
+
+@node FAQ 7-3
+@subsubheading Question 7.3
+
+I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies
+of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is
+done in a special buffer which can be reached by
+saying @samp{J c} in group
+buffer. Please refer to the documentation for
+information which predicates are possible and how
+exactly to do it.
+
+Further on you can tell the agent manually which
+articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do
+this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a
+set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by
+saying @samp{#} with point over the
+article and then type @samp{J s}. The
+other possibility is to set, again in the summary
+buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you
+want by typing @samp{@@} with point over
+the article and then typing @samp{J u}.
+What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as
+soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable
+marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable
+marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in
+the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The
+only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of
+the headers for every selected group on an agentized
+server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial
+fetch session could take hours.
+
+@node FAQ 7-4
+@subsubheading Question 7.4
+
+How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
+while I'm offline?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online
+(plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest
+works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged
+state by saying @samp{J j} in group
+buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x
+gnus-unplugged} instead of
+@samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to
+work, the agent must be active.
+
+@node FAQ 8 - Getting help
+@subsection Getting help
-Answer:
+@menu
+* FAQ 8-1:: How to find information and help inside Emacs?
+* FAQ 8-2:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g.,
+ attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+* FAQ 8-3:: Which websites should I know?
+* FAQ 8-4:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
+* FAQ 8-5:: Where to report bugs?
+* FAQ 8-6:: I need real-time help, where to find it?
+@end menu
- You've got basically two options: Either you use the
- Gnus Agent (see below) for this, or you can install
- programs which fetch your news and mail to your local
- disk and Gnus reads the stuff from your local
- machine.
-
+@node FAQ 8-1
+@subsubheading Question 8.1
- If you want to follow the second approach, you need a
- program which fetches news and offers them to Gnus, a
- program which does the same for mail and a program which
- receives the mail you write from Gnus and sends them
- when you're online.
-
+How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-Let's talk about Unix systems first: For the news part, the easiest
-solution is a small nntp server like
-@uref{http://www.leafnode.org/,Leafnode} or
-@uref{http://infa.abo.fi/~patrik/sn/,sn}, of course you can also
-install a full featured news server like
-@uref{http://www.isc.org/products/INN/,inn}.
+@subsubheading Answer
-Then you want to fetch your Mail, popular choices are
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-@uref{http://www.catb.org/~esr/fetchmail/,fetchmail} and
-@item
-@uref{http://www.qcc.ca/~charlesc/software/getmail-3.0/,getmail}.
-@end itemize
-You should tell those to write the mail to your disk and Gnus to read
-it from there. Last but not least the mail sending part: This can be
-done with every MTA like @uref{http://www.sendmail.org/,sendmail},
-@uref{http://www.qmail.org/,postfix}, @uref{http://www.exim.org/,exim}
-or @uref{http://www.qmail.org/,qmail}.
-
-
- On windows boxes I'd vote for
- @uref{http://www.tglsoft.de/,Hamster},
- it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
- your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
- to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
- respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp
- server for receiving mails from Gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.2], [7.3], [7.1], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.2:
-
- So what was this thing about the Agent?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
- mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
- later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
- newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use
- the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus if you are
- still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10.0):
-
+The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say
+@samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the
+Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a
+full-text search with @samp{s}). Then
+there are the general Emacs help commands starting with
+C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list
+of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally
+@samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you
+search through all available functions and @samp{M-x
+apropos} searches the bound variables.
-@example
-(setq gnus-agent t)
-@end example
-
-
- Now you've got to select the servers whose groups can be
- stored locally. To do this, open the server buffer
- (that is press @samp{^} while in the
- group buffer). Now select a server by moving point to
- the line naming that server. Finally, agentize the
- server by typing @samp{J a}. If you
- make a mistake, or change your mind, you can undo this
- action by typing @samp{J r}. When
- you're done, type 'q' to return to the group buffer.
- Now the next time you enter a group on a agentized
- server, the headers will be stored on disk and read from
- there the next time you enter the group.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.3], [7.4], [7.2], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.3:
-
- I want to store article bodies on disk, too. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You can tell the agent to automatically fetch the bodies
- of articles which fulfill certain predicates, this is
- done in a special buffer which can be reached by
- saying @samp{J c} in group
- buffer. Please refer to the documentation for
- information which predicates are possible and how
- exactly to do it.
-
-
- Further on you can tell the agent manually which
- articles to store on disk. There are two ways to do
- this: Number one: In the summary buffer, process mark a
- set of articles that shall be stored in the agent by
- saying @samp{#} with point over the
- article and then type @samp{J s}. The
- other possibility is to set, again in the summary
- buffer, downloadable (%) marks for the articles you
- want by typing @samp{@@} with point over
- the article and then typing @samp{J u}.
- What's the difference? Well, process marks are erased as
- soon as you exit the summary buffer while downloadable
- marks are permanent. You can actually set downloadable
- marks in several groups then use fetch session ('J s' in
- the GROUP buffer) to fetch all of those articles. The
- only downside is that fetch session also fetches all of
- the headers for every selected group on an agentized
- server. Depending on the volume of headers, the initial
- fetch session could take hours.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [7.4], , [7.3], FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 7.4:
-
- How to tell Gnus not to try to send mails / postings
- while I'm offline?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- All you've got to do is to tell Gnus when you are online
- (plugged) and when you are offline (unplugged), the rest
- works automatically. You can toggle plugged/unplugged
- state by saying @samp{J j} in group
- buffer. To start Gnus unplugged say @samp{M-x
- gnus-unplugged} instead of
- @samp{M-x gnus}. Note that for this to
- work, the agent must be active.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection Getting help
+@node FAQ 8-2
+@subsubheading Question 8.2
-@menu
-* [8.1]:: How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-* [8.2]:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
- (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
-* [8.3]:: Which websites should I know?
-* [8.4]:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
-* [8.5]:: Where to report bugs?
-* [8.6]:: I need real-time help, where to find it?
-@end menu
+I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
+(e.g., attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals for message,
+emacs-mime, sieve, EasyPG Assistant, and pgg. Those packages are
+distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't really part of core
+Gnus, so they are documented in different info files, you should have
+a look in those manuals, too.
+
+@node FAQ 8-3
+@subsubheading Question 8.3
+
+Which websites should I know?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The most important one is the
+@uref{http://www.gnus.org, official Gnus website}.
+
+Tell me about other sites which are interesting.
+
+@node FAQ 8-4
+@subsubheading Question 8.4
+
+Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (also available as
+@uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.user,
+gmane.emacs.gnus.user}) which deals with general Gnus
+questions. If you have questions about development versions of
+Gnus, you should better ask on the ding mailing list, see below.
+
+If you want to stay in the big8,
+news.software.readers is also read by some Gnus
+users (but chances for qualified help are much better in
+the above groups). If you speak German, there's
+de.comm.software.gnus.
+
+The ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) deals with development of
+Gnus. You can read the ding list via NNTP, too under the name
+@uref{http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.gnus.general,
+gmane.emacs.gnus.general} from news.gmane.org.
+
+@node FAQ 8-5
+@subsubheading Question 8.5
+
+Where to report bugs?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start
+a message to the
+@email{bugs@@gnus.org, gnus bug mailing list}
+including information about your environment which make
+it easier to help you.
+
+@node FAQ 8-6
+@subsubheading Question 8.6
+
+I need real-time help, where to find it?
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.1], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help, FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.1:
-
- How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The first stop should be the Gnus manual (Say
- @samp{C-h i d m Gnus RET} to start the
- Gnus manual, then walk through the menus or do a
- full-text search with @samp{s}). Then
- there are the general Emacs help commands starting with
- C-h, type @samp{C-h ? ?} to get a list
- of all available help commands and their meaning. Finally
- @samp{M-x apropos-command} lets you
- search through all available functions and @samp{M-x
- apropos} searches the bound variables.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.2], [8.3], [8.1], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.2:
-
- I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
- (e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals
- for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages
- are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't
- really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in
- different info files, you should have a look in those
- manuals, too.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.3], [8.4], [8.2], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.3:
-
- Which websites should I know?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- The two most important ones are the
- @uref{http://www.gnus.org,official Gnus website}.
- and it's sister site
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org,my.gnus.org (MGO)},
- hosting an archive of lisp snippets, howtos, a (not
- really finished) tutorial and this FAQ.
-
-
- Tell me about other sites which are interesting.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.4], [8.5], [8.3], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.4:
-
- Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- There's the newsgroup gnu.emacs.gnus (pull it from
- e.g. news.gnus.org) which deals with general questions
- and the ding mailing list (ding@@gnus.org) dealing with
- development of Gnus. You can read the ding list via
- NNTP, too under the name gnus.ding from news.gnus.org.
-
-
- If you want to stay in the big8,
- news.software.newssreaders is also read by some Gnus
- users (but chances for qualified help are much better in
- the above groups) and if you speak German, there's
- de.comm.software.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.5], [8.6], [8.4], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.5:
-
- Where to report bugs?
-
-
-Answer:
-
-Say @samp{M-x gnus-bug}, this will start a message to the
-@email{bugs@@gnus.org,gnus bug mailing list} including information
-about your environment which make it easier to help you.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [8.6], , [8.5], FAQ 8 - Getting help
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 8.6:
-
- I need real-time help, where to find it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Point your IRC client to irc.my.gnus.org channel
- #mygnus. Don't be afraid if people there speak German,
- they are willing and capable of switching to
- English when people from outside Germany enter.
-
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ - Glossary, FAQ 8 - Getting help, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Point your IRC client to irc.freenode.net, channel #gnus.
+
+@node FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
@subsection Tuning Gnus
@menu
-* [9.1]:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
-* [9.2]:: How to speed up the process of entering a group?
-* [9.3]:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
+* FAQ 9-1:: Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
+* FAQ 9-2:: How to speed up the process of entering a group?
+* FAQ 9-3:: Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [9.1], [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.1:
+@node FAQ 9-1
+@subsubheading Question 9.1
- Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
-
+Starting Gnus is really slow, how to speed it up?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's
- active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
- manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
- An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus (say
- @samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus
- RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require
- statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with
- eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup
- time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your
- ~/.gnus:
-
+The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads its
+active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
+manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
+An other idea would be to byte compile your @file{~/.gnus.el} (say
+@samp{M-x byte-compile-file RET ~/.gnus.el
+RET} to do it). Finally, if you have require
+statements in your .gnus, you could replace them with
+eval-after-load, which loads the stuff not at startup
+time, but when it's needed. Say you've got this in your
+@file{~/.gnus.el}:
@example
(require 'message)
(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled))
@end example
-
@noindent
- then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If
- you replace it with
-
+
+then as soon as you start Gnus, message.el is loaded. If
+you replace it with
@example
(eval-after-load "message"
'(add-to-list 'message-syntax-checks '(sender . disabled)))
@end example
-
@noindent
- it's loaded when it's needed.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [9.2], [9.3], [9.1], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.2:
- How to speed up the process of entering a group?
-
+it's loaded when it's needed.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 9-2
+@subsubheading Question 9.2
- A speed killer is setting the variable
- gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from nil,
- so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up
- building of summary say
-
+How to speed up the process of entering a group?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+A speed killer is setting the variable
+gnus-fetch-old-headers to anything different from @code{nil},
+so don't do this if speed is an issue. To speed up
+building of summary say
@example
(gnus-compile)
@end example
-
@noindent
- at the bottom of your ~/.gnus, this will make gnus
- byte-compile things like
- gnus-summary-line-format.
- then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold
- by saying something like
-
+
+at the bottom of your @file{~/.gnus.el}, this will make gnus
+byte-compile things like
+gnus-summary-line-format.
+then you could increase the value of gc-cons-threshold
+by saying something like
@example
(setq gc-cons-threshold 3500000)
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK
- characters or use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger together with a
- recent GNU Emacs, you should say
-
+
+in ~/.emacs. If you don't care about width of CJK
+characters or use Gnus 5.10 or younger together with a
+recent GNU Emacs, you should say
@example
-(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil)
+(setq gnus-use-correct-string-widths nil)
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus (thanks to Jesper harder for the last
- two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8
- or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary
- buffer generation, you definitely should update to
- 5.10.0 since there quite some work on improving it has
- been done.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [9.3], , [9.2], FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus
-@end ifnottex
-@subsubheading Question 9.3:
- Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
-
+in @file{~/.gnus.el} (thanks to Jesper harder for the last
+two suggestions). Finally if you are still using 5.8.8
+or 5.9 and experience speed problems with summary
+buffer generation, you definitely should update to
+5.10 since there quite some work on improving it has
+been done.
+
+@node FAQ 9-3
+@subsubheading Question 9.3
-Answer:
+Sending mail becomes slower and slower, what's up?
- The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the
- messages you wrote by setting
- gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group
- instead of an archive group, this should bring you back
- to normal speed.
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ - Glossary, , FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
+The reason could be that you told Gnus to archive the
+messages you wrote by setting
+gnus-message-archive-group. Try to use a nnml group
+instead of an archive group, this should bring you back
+to normal speed.
+
+@node FAQ - Glossary
@subsection Glossary
@table @dfn
-@item ~/.gnus
- When the term ~/.gnus is used it just means your Gnus
- configuration file. You might as well call it ~/.gnus.el or
- specify another name.
-
+@item ~/.gnus.el
+When the term @file{~/.gnus.el} is used it just means your Gnus
+configuration file. You might as well call it @file{~/.gnus} or
+specify another name.
@item Back End
- In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer
- between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or
- whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface
- to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc.
-
+In Gnus terminology a back end is a virtual server, a layer
+between core Gnus and the real NNTP-, POP3-, IMAP- or
+whatever-server which offers Gnus a standardized interface
+to functions like "get message", "get Headers" etc.
@item Emacs
- When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU
- Emacs or XEmacs.
-
+When the term Emacs is used in this FAQ, it means either GNU
+Emacs or XEmacs.
@item Message
- In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a
- Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter
- of which kind it is.
-
+In this FAQ message means a either a mail or a posting to a
+Usenet Newsgroup or to some other fancy back end, no matter
+of which kind it is.
@item MUA
- MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you
- use to read and write e-mails.
-
+MUA is an acronym for Mail User Agent, it's the program you
+use to read and write e-mails.
@item NUA
- NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you
- use to read and write Usenet news.
-
-@end table
+NUA is an acronym for News User Agent, it's the program you
+use to read and write Usenet news.
-@c @bye
-
-@ignore
- arch-tag: 64dc5692-edb4-4848-a965-7aa0181acbb8
-@end ignore
+@end table
projects / gnus / blobdiff