@c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
@c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone.
@c %**start of header
-@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c
@setfilename gnus-faq.info
@settitle Frequently Asked Questions
as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
-original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
+original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA@.
When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
decided to rewrite Gnus.
Message-utils now included in Gnus.
@item
-New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
+New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g., %B for
a complex trn-style thread tree.
@end itemize
@subsubheading Answer
Gnus is released independent from releases of Emacs and XEmacs.
-Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs'
-package system might not be up to date (e.g. Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs
+Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs's
+package system might not be up to date (e.g., Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs
21 is outdated).
You can get the latest released version of Gnus from
@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
@uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
-tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
+tarball with some packer (e.g., Winace from
@uref{http://www.winace.com})
and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
@subsubheading Answer
This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
-wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
-informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
-are now asked if you want to restore those informations
+wasn't properly exited and therefore couldn't write its
+information to disk (e.g., which messages you read), you
+are now asked if you want to restore that information
from the auto-save file.
To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
@subsubheading Answer
Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
-groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
+groups in, well, topics, e.g., all groups dealing with
Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
you want, so let's do it the correct way.
The first thing you've got to do is to
create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name
-please) e.g. c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment
-variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x
+please), e.g., c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment
+variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Windows 9x
or Me include the line
@example
send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
-Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
+Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA@. Sometimes, you even
need a combination of the above cases.
However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
-and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
+and is therefore quite fast. However you might prefer a one
file per group approach if your file system has problems with
many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus.el:
@end example
@noindent
-Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
+Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get its mail from. If
it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
@example
achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
-could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
+could use, e.g., fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
(If you know the home of this file, please send me an
e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
-(e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
+(e.g., fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
"Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
it.
* FAQ 4-9:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
highlight more interesting ones in some way?
-* FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups,
+* FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups,
or set other variables specific for some groups?
* FAQ 4-11:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
those?
@samp{RET}
in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
@samp{C-u RET}
-instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
+instead to load all available messages. If you want only the 300 newest say
@samp{C-u 300 RET}
Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
-Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
+Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit
@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
-matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
+matching. If you find me very interesting, you could add the
following to your all.Score:
@example
@node FAQ 4-10
@subsubheading Question 4.10
-How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
+How can I disable threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or
set other variables specific for some groups?
@subsubheading Answer
@subsubheading Answer
You've got to play around with the variable
-gnus-summary-line-format. It's value is a string of
+gnus-summary-line-format. Its value is a string of
symbols which stand for things like author, date, subject
etc. A list of the available specifiers can be found in the
manual node "Summary Buffer Lines" and the often forgotten
-node "Formatting Variables" and it's sub-nodes. There
+node "Formatting Variables" and its sub-nodes. There
you'll find useful things like positioning the cursor and
tabulators which allow you a summary in table form, but
sadly hard tabulators are broken in 5.8.8.
Since 5.10, Gnus offers you some very nice new specifiers,
-e.g. %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
+e.g., %B which draws a thread-tree and %&user-date which
gives you a date where the details are dependent of the
articles age. Here's an example which uses both:
@example
(defun my-archive-article (&optional n)
- "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g.
+ "Copies one or more article(s) to a corresponding `nnml:' group, e.g.,
`gnus.ding' goes to `nnml:1.gnus.ding'. And `nnml:List-gnus.ding' goes
to `nnml:1.List-gnus-ding'.
in Gnus. Here comes nnir into action. Nnir is a front end
to search engines like swish-e or swish++ and
others. You index your mail with one of those search
-engines and with the help of nnir you can search trough
+engines and with the help of nnir you can search through
the indexed mail and generate a temporary group with all
messages which met your search criteria. If this sound
cool to you get nnir.el from
@subsubheading Answer
-If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g. in
+If you want all read messages to be expired (e.g., in
mailing lists where there's an online archive), you've
got two choices: auto-expire and
total-expire. Auto-expire means, that every article
(If you want to change the value of nnmail-expiry-target
on a per group basis see the question "How can I disable
-threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other
+threading in some (e.g., mail-) groups, or set other
variables specific for some groups?")
@node FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment
it's a small freeware, open-source program which fetches
your mail and news from remote servers and offers them
to Gnus (or any other mail and/or news reader) via nntp
-respectively POP3 or IMAP. It also includes a smtp
+respectively POP3 or IMAP@. It also includes a smtp
server for receiving mails from Gnus.
@node FAQ 7-2
The Gnus agent is part of Gnus, it allows you to fetch
mail and news and store them on disk for reading them
later when you're offline. It kind of mimics offline
-newsreaders like e.g. Forte Agent. If you want to use
+newsreaders like Forte Agent. If you want to use
the Agent place the following in ~/.gnus.el if you are
still using 5.8.8 or 5.9 (it's the default since 5.10):
@menu
* FAQ 8-1:: How to find information and help inside Emacs?
-* FAQ 8-2:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g.
+* FAQ 8-2:: I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X (e.g.,
attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
* FAQ 8-3:: Which websites should I know?
* FAQ 8-4:: Which mailing lists and newsgroups are there?
@subsubheading Question 8.2
I can't find anything in the Gnus manual about X
-(e.g. attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
+(e.g., attachments, PGP, MIME...), is it not documented?
@subsubheading Answer
-There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals
-for message, emacs-mime, sieve and pgg. Those packages
-are distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't
-really part of core Gnus, so they are documented in
-different info files, you should have a look in those
-manuals, too.
+There's not only the Gnus manual but also the manuals for message,
+emacs-mime, sieve, EasyPG Assistant, and pgg. Those packages are
+distributed with Gnus and used by Gnus but aren't really part of core
+Gnus, so they are documented in different info files, you should have
+a look in those manuals, too.
@node FAQ 8-3
@subsubheading Question 8.3
@subsubheading Answer
-The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads it's
+The reason for this could be the way Gnus reads its
active file, see the node "The Active File" in the Gnus
manual for things you might try to speed the process up.
An other idea would be to byte compile your ~/.gnus.el (say
projects / gnus / blobdiff