X-Git-Url: http://cgit.sxemacs.org/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=texi%2Fmessage.texi;h=27bbd51c948c2ea157e8b1b07c997932d9bb6b69;hb=f704af9bdae577ef7e730cb017940b0c5edbd60e;hp=60168a82c0259efa762696587e713b38a1c5335a;hpb=983849481e57026cad46179ba738d34db0cd0fa6;p=gnus diff --git a/texi/message.texi b/texi/message.texi index 60168a82c..27bbd51c9 100644 --- a/texi/message.texi +++ b/texi/message.texi @@ -1,67 +1,71 @@ \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*- @setfilename message -@settitle Pterodactyl Message 0.87 Manual +@settitle Message (Oort) Manual @synindex fn cp @synindex vr cp @synindex pg cp -@c @direntry -@c * Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that goes with Gnus. -@c @end direntry +@dircategory Emacs +@direntry +* Message: (message). Mail and news composition mode that goes with Gnus. +@end direntry @iftex @finalout @end iftex @setchapternewpage odd -@ifinfo +@ifnottex This file documents Message, the Emacs message composition mode. -Copyright (C) 1996,97,98,99 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no +Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU +Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the +license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation +License'' in the Emacs manual. -@ignore -Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the -results, provided the printed document carries copying permission -notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph -(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual). +(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify +this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free +Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' -@end ignore -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. -@end ifinfo +This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free +Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document +separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the +license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. +@end ifnottex @tex @titlepage -@title Pterodactyl Message 0.87 Manual +@title Message (Oort) Manual @author by Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen @page @vskip 0pt plus 1filll -Copyright @copyright{} 1996,97,98,99 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual -into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. - +Copyright @copyright{} 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 + Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document +under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the +Invariant Sections being none, with the Front-Cover texts being ``A GNU +Manual'', and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the +license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation +License'' in the Emacs manual. + +(a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You have freedom to copy and modify +this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free +Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.'' + +This document is part of a collection distributed under the GNU Free +Documentation License. If you want to distribute this document +separately from the collection, you can do so by adding a copy of the +license to the document, as described in section 6 of the license. @end titlepage @page @@ -83,9 +87,8 @@ Message mode buffers. * Key Index:: List of Message mode keys. @end menu -This manual corresponds to Pterodactyl Message 0.87. Message is -distributed with the Gnus distribution bearing the same version number -as this manual. +This manual corresponds to Oort Message. Message is distributed with +the Gnus distribution bearing the same version number as this manual. @node Interface @@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ If you want the replies to go to the @code{Sender} instead of the (setq message-reply-to-function (lambda () (cond ((equal (mail-fetch-field "from") "somebody") - (mail-fetch-field "sender")) + (list (cons 'To (mail-fetch-field "sender")))) (t nil)))) @end lisp @@ -188,8 +191,8 @@ but you can change the behavior to suit your needs by fiddling with the @code{message-wide-reply-to-function}. It is used in the same way as @code{message-reply-to-function} (@pxref{Reply}). -@findex rmail-dont-reply-to-names -Addresses that match the @code{rmail-dont-reply-to-names} regular +@findex message-dont-reply-to-names +Addresses that match the @code{message-dont-reply-to-names} regular expression will be removed from the @code{Cc} header. @@ -246,26 +249,9 @@ the message in the current buffer. If given a prefix, forward using news. @table @code -@item message-forward-start-separator -@vindex message-forward-start-separator -Delimiter inserted before forwarded messages. The default is@* -@samp{------- Start of forwarded message -------\n}. - -@vindex message-forward-end-separator -@item message-forward-end-separator -@vindex message-forward-end-separator -Delimiter inserted after forwarded messages. The default is@* -@samp{------- End of forwarded message -------\n}. - -@item message-signature-before-forwarded-message -@vindex message-signature-before-forwarded-message -If this variable is @code{t}, which it is by default, your personal -signature will be inserted before the forwarded message. If not, the -forwarded message will be inserted first in the new mail. - -@item message-included-forward-headers -@vindex message-included-forward-headers -Regexp matching header lines to be included in forwarded messages. +@item message-forward-ignored-headers +@vindex message-forward-ignored-headers +All headers that match this regexp will be deleted when forwarding a message. @item message-make-forward-subject-function @vindex message-make-forward-subject-function @@ -292,6 +278,12 @@ the evidence of previous forwards (such as @samp{Fwd:}, @samp{Re:}, @samp{(fwd)}) removed before the new subject is constructed. The default value is @code{nil}. +@item message-forward-as-mime +@vindex message-forward-as-mime +If this variable is @code{t} (the default), forwarded messages are +included as inline MIME RFC822 parts. If it's @code{nil}, forwarded +messages will just be copied inline to the new message, like previous, +non MIME-savvy versions of gnus would do. @end table @@ -328,16 +320,34 @@ will be removed before popping up the buffer. The default is @chapter Commands @menu +* Buffer Entry:: Commands after entering a Message buffer. * Header Commands:: Commands for moving to headers. * Movement:: Moving around in message buffers. * Insertion:: Inserting things into message buffers. * MIME:: @sc{mime} considerations. +* Security:: Signing and encrypting messages. * Various Commands:: Various things. * Sending:: Actually sending the message. * Mail Aliases:: How to use mail aliases. +* Spelling:: Having Emacs check your spelling. @end menu +@node Buffer Entry +@section Buffer Entry +@cindex undo +@kindex C-_ + +You most often end up in a Message buffer when responding to some other +message of some sort. Message does lots of handling of quoted text, and +may remove signatures, reformat the text, or the like---depending on +which used settings you're using. Message usually gets things right, +but sometimes it stumbles. To help the user unwind these stumblings, +Message sets the undo boundary before each major automatic action it +takes. If you press the undo key (usually located at @kbd{C-_}) a few +times, you will get back the un-edited message you're responding to. + + @node Header Commands @section Header Commands @@ -438,6 +448,12 @@ Move to the signature of the message (@code{message-goto-signature}). Yank the message that's being replied to into the message buffer (@code{message-yank-original}). +@item C-c M-C-y +@kindex C-c M-C-y +@findex message-yank-buffer +Prompt for a buffer name and yank the contents of that buffer into the +message buffer (@code{message-yank-buffer}). + @item C-c C-q @kindex C-c C-q @findex message-fill-yanked-message @@ -467,8 +483,13 @@ All headers that match this regexp will be removed from yanked messages. The default is @samp{.}, which means that all headers will be removed. +@item message-cite-prefix-regexp +@vindex message-cite-prefix-regexp +Regexp matching the longest possible citation prefix on a line. + @item message-citation-line-function @vindex message-citation-line-function +@cindex attribution line Function called to insert the citation line. The default is @code{message-insert-citation-line}, which will lead to citation lines that look like: @@ -480,15 +501,31 @@ Hallvard B Furuseth writes: Point will be at the beginning of the body of the message when this function is called. +Note that Gnus provides a feature where clicking on `writes:' hides the +cited text. If you change the citation line too much, readers of your +messages will have to adjust their Gnus, too. See the variable +@code{gnus-cite-attribution-suffix}. @xref{Article Highlighting, , +Article Highlighting, gnus}, for details. + @item message-yank-prefix @vindex message-yank-prefix @cindex yanking @cindex quoting When you are replying to or following up an article, you normally want -to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done by -@dfn{yanking}, and each quoted line you yank will have +to quote the person you are answering. Inserting quoted text is done +by @dfn{yanking}, and each quoted line you yank (except earlier +quotes, see @code{message-yank-cited-prefix}) will have @code{message-yank-prefix} prepended to it. The default is @samp{> }. +@item message-yank-cited-prefix +@vindex message-yank-cited-prefix +@cindex yanking +@cindex cited +@cindex quoting +The @code{message-yank-prefix} prefix is not used on already cited +lines, instead the contents of this variable is used as yank prefix. +The default is @samp{>}. + @item message-indentation-spaces @vindex message-indentation-spaces Number of spaces to indent yanked messages. @@ -560,6 +597,136 @@ You can also create arbitrarily complex multiparts using the MML language (@pxref{Composing, , Composing, emacs-mime, The Emacs MIME Manual}). +@node Security +@section Security +@cindex Security +@cindex S/MIME +@cindex PGP/MIME +@cindex sign +@cindex encrypt + +Using the MML language, Message is able to create digitally signed and +digitally encrypted messages. Message (or rather MML) currently support +PGP/MIME and S/MIME. Instructing MML to perform security operations on +a MIME part is done using the @code{C-c C-m s} key map for signing and the +@code{C-c C-m c} key map for encryption, as follows. + +@table @kbd + +@item C-c C-m s s +@kindex C-c C-m s s +@findex mml-secure-sign-smime + +Digitally sign current MIME part using S/MIME. + +@item C-c C-m s p +@kindex C-c C-m s p +@findex mml-secure-sign-pgp + +Digitally sign current MIME part using PGP/MIME. + +@item C-c C-m c s +@kindex C-c C-m c s +@findex mml-secure-encrypt-smime + +Digitally encrypt current MIME part using S/MIME. + +@item C-c C-m c p +@kindex C-c C-m c p +@findex mml-secure-encrypt-pgpmime + +Digitally encrypt current MIME part using PGP/MIME. + +@end table + +These commands do not immediately sign or encrypt the message, they +merely insert proper MML tags to instruct the MML engine to perform that +operation when the message is actually sent. They may perform other +operations too, such as locating and retrieving a S/MIME certificate of +the person you wish to send encrypted mail to. + +Since signing and especially encryption often is used when sensitive +information is sent, you may want to have some way to ensure that your +mail is actually signed or encrypted. After invoking the above +sign/encrypt commands, it is possible to preview the raw article by +using @code{C-u C-m P} (@code{mml-preview}). Then you can verify that +your long rant about what your ex-significant other or whomever actually +did with that funny looking person at that strange party the other +night, actually will be sent encrypted. + +@emph{Note!} Neither PGP/MIME nor S/MIME encrypt/signs RFC822 headers. +They only operate on the MIME object. Keep this in mind before sending +mail with a sensitive Subject line. + +Actually using the security commands above is not very difficult. At +least not compared with making sure all involved programs talk with each +other properly. Thus, we now describe what external libraries or +programs are required to make things work, and some small general hints. + +@subsection Using S/MIME + +@emph{Note!} This section assume you have a basic familiarity with +modern cryptography, S/MIME, various PKCS standards, OpenSSL and so on. + +The S/MIME support in Message (and MML) require OpenSSL. OpenSSL +perform the actual S/MIME sign/encrypt operations. OpenSSL can be found +at @code{http://www.openssl.org/}. OpenSSL 0.9.6 and later should work. +Version 0.9.5a cannot extract mail addresses from certificates, and it +insert a spurious CR character into MIME separators so you may wish to +avoid it if you would like to avoid being regarded as someone who send +strange mail. (Although by sending S/MIME messages you've probably +already lost that contest.) + +To be able to send encrypted mail, a personal certificate is not +required. Message (MML) need a certificate for the person to whom you +wish to communicate with though. You're asked for this when you type +@code{C-c C-m c s}. Currently there are two ways to retrieve this +certificate, from a local file or from DNS. If you chose a local file, +it need to contain a X.509 certificate in PEM format. If you chose DNS, +you're asked for the domain name where the certificate is stored, the +default is a good guess. To my belief, Message (MML) is the first mail +agent in the world to support retrieving S/MIME certificates from DNS, +so you're not likely to find very many certificates out there. At least +there should be one, stored at the domain @code{simon.josefsson.org}. +LDAP is a more popular method of distributing certificates, support for +it is planned. (Meanwhile, you can use @code{ldapsearch} from the +command line to retrieve a certificate into a file and use it.) + +As for signing messages, OpenSSL can't perform signing operations +without some kind of configuration. Especially, you need to tell it +where your private key and your certificate is stored. MML uses an +Emacs interface to OpenSSL, aptly named @code{smime.el}, and it contain +a @code{custom} group used for this configuration. So, try @code{M-x +customize-group RET smime RET} and look around. + +Currently there is no support for talking to a CA (or RA) to create your +own certificate. None is planned either. You need to do this manually +with OpenSSL or using some other program. I used Netscape and got a +free S/MIME certificate from one of the big CA's on the net. Netscape +is able to export your private key and certificate in PKCS #12 format. +Use OpenSSL to convert this into a plain X.509 certificate in PEM format +as follows. + +@example +$ openssl pkcs12 -in ns.p12 -clcerts -nodes > key+cert.pem +@end example + +The @code{key+cert.pem} file should be pointed to from the +@code{smime-keys} variable. You should now be able to send signed mail. + +@emph{Note!} Your private key is store unencrypted in the file, so take +care in handling it. + +@subsection Using PGP/MIME + +PGP/MIME requires an external OpenPGP implementation, such as GNU +Privacy Guard (@code{http://www.gnupg.org/}). It also requires an Emacs +interface to it, such as Mailcrypt (available from +@code{http://www.nb.net/~lbudney/linux/software/mailcrypt.html}) or +Florian Weimer's @code{gpg.el}. + +Creating your own OpenPGP key is described in detail in the +documentation of your OpenPGP implementation, so we refer to it. @node Various Commands @section Various Commands @@ -578,8 +745,9 @@ many places to rotate the text. The default is 13. @kindex C-c C-e @findex message-elide-region Elide the text between point and mark (@code{message-elide-region}). -The text is killed and an ellipsis (@samp{[...]}) will be inserted in -its place. +The text is killed and replaced with the contents of the variable +@code{message-elide-ellipsis}. The default value is to use an ellipsis +(@samp{[...]}). @item C-c C-z @kindex C-c C-x @@ -695,6 +863,51 @@ No expansion will be performed upon sending of the message---all expansions have to be done explicitly. +@node Spelling +@section Spelling +@cindex spelling +@findex ispell-message + +There are two popular ways to have Emacs spell-check your messages: +@code{ispell} and @code{flyspell}. @code{ispell} is the older and +probably more popular package. You typically first write the message, +and then run the entire thing through @code{ispell} and fix all the +typos. To have this happen automatically when you send a message, put +something like the following in your @file{.emacs} file: + +@lisp +(add-hook 'message-send-hook 'ispell-message) +@end lisp + +@vindex ispell-message-dictionary-alist +If you're in the habit of writing in different languages, this can be +controlled by the @code{ispell-message-dictionary-alist} variable: + +@lisp +(setq ispell-message-dictionary-alist + '(("^Newsgroups:.*\\bde\\." . "deutsch8") + (".*" . "default"))) +@end lisp + +@code{ispell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command +installed. + +The other popular method is using @code{flyspell}. This package checks +your spelling while you're writing, and marks any mis-spelled words in +various ways. + +To use @code{flyspell}, put something like the following in your +@file{.emacs} file: + +@lisp +(defun my-message-setup-routine () + (flyspell-mode 1)) +(add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'my-message-setup-routine) +@end lisp + +@code{flyspell} depends on having the external @samp{ispell} command +installed. + @node Variables @chapter Variables @@ -725,8 +938,14 @@ look sufficiently similar. @item message-generate-headers-first @vindex message-generate-headers-first -If non-@code{nil}, generate all headers before starting to compose the -message. +If non-@code{nil}, generate all required headers before starting to +compose the message. + +The variables @code{message-required-mail-headers} and +@code{message-required-news-headers} specify which headers are required. + +Note that some headers will be removed and re-generated before posting, +because of the variable @code{message-deletable-headers} (see below). @item message-from-style @vindex message-from-style @@ -770,7 +989,7 @@ buffers. @item message-subject-re-regexp @vindex message-subject-re-regexp Responses to messages have subjects that start with @samp{Re: }. This -is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but in +is @emph{not} an abbreviation of the English word ``response'', but is Latin, and means ``in response to''. Some illiterate nincompoops have failed to grasp this fact, and have ``internationalized'' their software to use abonimations like @samp{Aw: } (``antwort'') or @samp{Sv: } @@ -779,6 +998,11 @@ have to deal with users that use these evil tools, in which case you may set this variable to a regexp that matches these prefixes. Myself, I just throw away non-compliant mail. +@item message-alternative-emails +@vindex message-alternative-emails +A regexp to match the alternative email addresses. The first matched +address (not primary one) is used in the @code{From} field. + @end table @@ -790,12 +1014,12 @@ just throw away non-compliant mail. @vindex message-required-mail-headers @xref{News Headers}, for the syntax of this variable. It is @code{(From Date Subject (optional . In-Reply-To) Message-ID Lines -(optional . X-Mailer))} by default. +(optional . User-Agent))} by default. @item message-ignored-mail-headers @vindex message-ignored-mail-headers Regexp of headers to be removed before mailing. The default is -@samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:}. +@samp{^[GF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^Xref:\\|^X-Draft-From:}. @item message-default-mail-headers @vindex message-default-mail-headers @@ -811,9 +1035,15 @@ buffers that are initialized as mail. @table @code @item message-send-mail-function @vindex message-send-mail-function -Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is -@code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. If you prefer using MH -instead, set this variable to @code{message-send-mail-with-mh}. +@findex message-send-mail-with-sendmail +@findex message-send-mail-with-mh +@findex message-send-mail-with-qmail +@findex smtpmail-send-it +@findex feedmail-send-it +Function used to send the current buffer as mail. The default is +@code{message-send-mail-with-sendmail}. Other valid values include +@code{message-send-mail-with-mh}, @code{message-send-mail-with-qmail}, +@code{smtpmail-send-it} and @code{feedmail-send-it}. @item message-mh-deletable-headers @vindex message-mh-deletable-headers @@ -823,6 +1053,12 @@ the default), these headers will be removed before mailing when sending messages via MH. Set it to @code{nil} if your MH can handle these headers. +@item message-send-mail-partially-limit +@vindex message-send-mail-partially-limit +The limitation of messages sent as message/partial. +The lower bound of message size in characters, beyond which the message +should be sent in several parts. If it is nil, the size is unlimited. + @end table @@ -873,21 +1109,15 @@ This optional header will be computed by Message. @findex system-name @cindex Sun This required header will be generated by Message. A unique ID will be -created based on the date, time, user name and system name. Message will -use @code{mail-host-address} as the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) -of the machine if that variable is defined. If not, it will use -@code{system-name}, which doesn't report a FQDN on some machines -- -notably Suns. - -@item X-Newsreader -@cindex X-Newsreader -This optional header will be filled out according to the -@code{message-newsreader} local variable. +created based on the date, time, user name and system name. Message +will use @code{system-name} to determine the name of the system. If +this isn't a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), Message will use +@code{mail-host-address} as the FQDN of the machine. -@item X-Mailer +@item User-Agent +@cindex User-Agent This optional header will be filled out according to the -@code{message-mailer} local variable, unless there already is an -@code{X-Newsreader} header present. +@code{message-newsreader} local variable. @item In-Reply-To This optional header is filled out using the @code{Date} and @code{From} @@ -1004,7 +1234,7 @@ All these conditions are checked by default. @item message-ignored-news-headers @vindex message-ignored-news-headers Regexp of headers to be removed before posting. The default is@* -@samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:}. +@samp{^NNTP-Posting-Host:\\|^Xref:\\|^[BGF]cc:\\|^Resent-Fcc:\\|^X-Draft-From:}. @item message-default-news-headers @vindex message-default-news-headers @@ -1035,6 +1265,17 @@ posting a prepared news message. @section Various Message Variables @table @code +@item message-default-charset +@vindex message-default-charset +@cindex charset +Symbol naming a @sc{mime} charset. Non-ASCII characters in messages are +assumed to be encoded using this charset. The default is @code{nil}, +which means ask the user. (This variable is used only on non-@sc{mule} +Emacsen. +@xref{Charset Translation, , Charset Translation, emacs-mime, + Emacs MIME Manual}, for details on the @sc{mule}-to-@sc{mime} +translation process. + @item message-signature-separator @vindex message-signature-separator Regexp matching the signature separator. It is @samp{^-- *$} by @@ -1090,9 +1331,8 @@ If you want to add certain headers before sending, you can use the @lisp (add-hook 'message-send-hook 'my-message-add-content) (defun my-message-add-content () - (message-add-header - "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense" - "X-Whatever: no")) + (message-add-header "X-In-No-Sense: Nonsense") + (message-add-header "X-Whatever: no")) @end lisp This function won't add the header if the header is already present. @@ -1154,7 +1394,7 @@ A function to be called if @var{predicate} returns non-@code{nil}. @item message-fcc-handler-function @vindex message-fcc-handler-function A function called to save outgoing articles. This function will be -called with the name of the file to store the article in. The default +called with the name of the file to store the article in. The default function is @code{message-output} which saves in Unix mailbox format. @item message-courtesy-message