-@c Insert "\input texinfo" at 1st line before texing this file alone.
-@c -*-texinfo-*-
-@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
+@c Uncomment 1st line before texing this file alone.
+@c %**start of header
+@c Copyright (C) 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007,
+@c 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c
+@c Do not modify this file, it was generated from gnus-faq.xml, available from
+@c <URL:http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/>.
+@c
@setfilename gnus-faq.info
-
-@c Frequently Asked Questions, FAQ - Introduction, Emacs for Heathens, Top
+@settitle Frequently Asked Questions
+@c %**end of header
+@c
@node Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment node-name, next, previous, up
-
-@c @chapter Frequently Asked Questions
@section Frequently Asked Questions
-@c - Uncomment @chapter, comment @section
-@c - run (texinfo-every-node-update)
-@c - revert it.
-
@menu
-* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ.
-* FAQ 1 - Installation:: Installation of Gnus.
-* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the first buffer Gnus shows you.
-* FAQ 3 - Getting messages:: Making Gnus read your mail and news.
-* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read messages.
-* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet postings.
-* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving, searching and deleting messages.
-* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while offline.
-* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough.
-* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster.
-* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ explained.
+* FAQ - Changes::
+* FAQ - Introduction:: About Gnus and this FAQ.
+* FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ:: Installation of Gnus.
+* FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer:: Start up questions and the
+ first buffer Gnus shows you.
+* FAQ 3 - Getting Messages:: Making Gnus read your mail
+ and news.
+* FAQ 4 - Reading messages:: How to efficiently read
+ messages.
+* FAQ 5 - Composing messages:: Composing mails or Usenet
+ postings.
+* FAQ 6 - Old messages:: Importing, archiving,
+ searching and deleting messages.
+* FAQ 7 - Gnus in a dial-up environment:: Reading mail and news while
+ offline.
+* FAQ 8 - Getting help:: When this FAQ isn't enough.
+* FAQ 9 - Tuning Gnus:: How to make Gnus faster.
+* FAQ - Glossary:: Terms used in the FAQ
+ explained.
@end menu
-
@subheading Abstract
- This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list. If you have a
-Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
-@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}, the Docbook source is available from
-@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/}.
-
+This is the new Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
+If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/},
+the Docbook source is available from
+@uref{http://sourceforge.net/projects/gnus/, http://sourceforge.net}.
- Please submit features and suggestions to the
- @uref{mailto:faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org,FAQ discussion list}.
- The list is protected against junk mail with
- @uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html,qconfirm}. As
- a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can
- also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
- @email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
- and @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss,browse the archive}.
-
-@node FAQ - Introduction, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions, Frequently Asked Questions
-@comment node-name, next, previous, up
-@heading Introduction
+Please submit features and suggestions to the
+@email{faq-discuss@@my.gnus.org, FAQ discussion list}.
+The list is protected against junk mail with
+@uref{http://smarden.org/qconfirm/index.html, qconfirm}. As
+a subscriber, your submissions will automatically pass. You can
+also subscribe to the list by sending a blank email to
+@email{faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org, faq-discuss-subscribe@@my.gnus.org}
+and @uref{http://mail1.kens.com/cgi-bin/ezmlm-browse?command=monthbythread%26list=faq-discuss, browse
+the archive (BROKEN)}.
-This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
+@node FAQ - Changes
+@subheading Changes
-Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented
- as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
- now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
- that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
- original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
- When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
- decided to rewrite Gnus.
-
- Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
- customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
- most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
- advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
- (you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
- high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
- high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
- want.
-
- This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
- would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
- job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
- Justin!
-
- If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
- This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
- versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
- State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
- if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
-
- The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
- of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
- misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+2008-06-15: Adjust for message-fill-column. Add x-face-file.
+Clarify difference between ding and gnu.emacs.gnus. Remove
+reference to discontinued service.
+
+@item
+2006-04-15: Added tip on how to delete sent buffer on exit.
+@end itemize
+
+@node FAQ - Introduction
+@subheading Introduction
+This is the Gnus Frequently Asked Questions list.
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ - Introduction, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@section Installation
+Gnus is a Usenet Newsreader and Electronic Mail User Agent implemented
+as a part of Emacs. It's been around in some form for almost a decade
+now, and has been distributed as a standard part of Emacs for much of
+that time. Gnus 5 is the latest (and greatest) incarnation. The
+original version was called GNUS, and was written by Masanobu UMEDA.
+When autumn crept up in '94, Lars Magne Ingebrigtsen grew bored and
+decided to rewrite Gnus.
+
+Its biggest strength is the fact that it is extremely
+customizable. It is somewhat intimidating at first glance, but
+most of the complexity can be ignored until you're ready to take
+advantage of it. If you receive a reasonable volume of e-mail
+(you're on various mailing lists), or you would like to read
+high-volume mailing lists but cannot keep up with them, or read
+high volume newsgroups or are just bored, then Gnus is what you
+want.
+
+This FAQ was maintained by Justin Sheehy until March 2002. He
+would like to thank Steve Baur and Per Abrahamsen for doing a wonderful
+job with this FAQ before him. We would like to do the same - thanks,
+Justin!
+
+If you have a Web browser, the official hypertext version is at:
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/FAQ/}.
+This version is much nicer than the unofficial hypertext
+versions that are archived at Utrecht, Oxford, Smart Pages, Ohio
+State, and other FAQ archives. See the resources question below
+if you want information on obtaining it in another format.
+
+The information contained here was compiled with the assistance
+of the Gnus development mailing list, and any errors or
+misprints are the my.gnus.org team's fault, sorry.
+
+@node FAQ 1 - Installation FAQ
+@subsection Installation FAQ
@menu
-* [1.1]:: What is the latest version of Gnus?
-* [1.2]:: What's new in 5.10.0?
-* [1.3]:: Where and how to get Gnus?
-* [1.4]:: What to do with the tarball now?
-* [1.5]:: Which version of Emacs do I need?
-* [1.6]:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
+* FAQ 1-1:: What is the latest version of Gnus?
+* FAQ 1-2:: What's new in 5.10?
+* FAQ 1-3:: Where and how to get Gnus?
+* FAQ 1-4:: What to do with the tarball now?
+* FAQ 1-5:: I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus,
+ what are those?
+* FAQ 1-6:: Which version of Emacs do I need?
+* FAQ 1-7:: How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
@end menu
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.1], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation, FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.1:
+@node FAQ 1-1
+@subsubheading Question 1.1
What is the latest version of Gnus?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Jingle please: Gnus 5.10.0 is released, get it while it's
- hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
- small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
- shouldn't miss, however if you are cautious, you might
- prefer to stay with 5.8.8 respectively 5.9 (they are
- basically the same) until some bugfix releases are out.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.2], [1.3], [1.1], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.2:
+Jingle please: Gnus 5.10 is released, get it while it's
+hot! As well as the step in version number is rather
+small, Gnus 5.10 has tons of new features which you
+shouldn't miss. The current release (5.13) should be at
+least as stable as the latest release of the 5.8 series.
-What's new in 5.10.0?
+@node FAQ 1-2
+@subsubheading Question 1.2
-Answer:
+What's new in 5.10?
- First of all, you should have a look into the file
- GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
- there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
- short list of the changes I find especially
- important/interesting:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-
+First of all, you should have a look into the file
+GNUS-NEWS in the toplevel directory of the Gnus tarball,
+there the most important changes are listed. Here's a
+short list of the changes I find especially
+important/interesting:
-@itemize @bullet{}
+@itemize @bullet
@item
- Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
- active by default.
-
+Major rewrite of the Gnus agent, Gnus agent is now
+active by default.
- Many new article washing functions for dealing with
- ugly formatted articles.
-
+@item
+Many new article washing functions for dealing with
+ugly formatted articles.
- Anti Spam features.
-
+@item
+Anti Spam features.
- message-utils now included in Gnus.
-
+@item
+Message-utils now included in Gnus.
- New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
- a complex trn-style thread tree.
-
+@item
+New format specifiers for summary lines, e.g. %B for
+a complex trn-style thread tree.
@end itemize
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.3], [1.4], [1.2], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.3:
+
+@node FAQ 1-3
+@subsubheading Question 1.3
Where and how to get Gnus?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- The latest released version of Gnus isn't included in
- Emacs 21 and until now it also isn't available through the
- package system of XEmacs 21.4, therefor you should get the
- Gnus tarball from
- @uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
- or via anonymous FTP from
- @uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.4], [1.5], [1.3], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.4:
+Gnus is released independent from releases of Emacs and XEmacs.
+Therefore, the version bundled with Emacs or the version in XEmacs'
+package system might not be up to date (e.g. Gnus 5.9 bundled with Emacs
+21 is outdated).
+You can get the latest released version of Gnus from
+@uref{http://www.gnus.org/dist/gnus.tar.gz}
+or via anonymous FTP from
+@uref{ftp://ftp.gnus.org/pub/gnus/gnus.tar.gz}.
- What to do with the tarball now?
-
+@node FAQ 1-4
+@subsubheading Question 1.4
-Answer:
-
- Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
- @samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
- (under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
- @uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
- which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
- tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
- @uref{http://www.winace.com})
- and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
- Gnus. If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
- system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
- following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
-
+What to do with the tarball now?
-@example
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Untar it via @samp{tar xvzf gnus.tar.gz} and do the common
+@samp{./configure; make; make install} circle.
+(under MS-Windows either get the Cygwin environment from
+@uref{http://www.cygwin.com}
+which allows you to do what's described above or unpack the
+tarball with some packer (e.g. Winace from
+@uref{http://www.winace.com})
+and use the batch-file make.bat included in the tarball to install
+Gnus.) If you don't want to (or aren't allowed to) install Gnus
+system-wide, you can install it in your home directory and add the
+following lines to your ~/.xemacs/init.el or ~/.emacs:
+@example
(add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/gnus/lisp")
(if (featurep 'xemacs)
(add-to-list 'Info-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/")
(add-to-list 'Info-default-directory-list "/path/to/gnus/texi/"))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- Make sure that you don't have any gnus related stuff
- before this line, on MS Windows use something like
- "C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.5], [1.6], [1.4], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.5:
+
+Make sure that you don't have any Gnus related stuff
+before this line, on MS Windows use something like
+"C:/path/to/lisp" (yes, "/").
+
+@node FAQ 1-5
+@subsubheading Question 1.5
+
+I sometimes read references to No Gnus and Oort Gnus,
+what are those?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Oort Gnus was the name of the development version of
+Gnus, which became Gnus 5.10 in autumn 2003. No Gnus is
+the name of the current development version which will
+once become Gnus 5.12 or Gnus 6. (If you're wondering why
+not 5.11, the odd version numbers are normally used for
+the Gnus versions bundled with Emacs)
+
+@node FAQ 1-6
+@subsubheading Question 1.6
Which version of Emacs do I need?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- Gnus 5.10.0 requires an Emacs version that is greater
- than or equal to Emacs 20.3 or XEmacs 20.1.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [1.6], , [1.5], FAQ 1 - Installation
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 1.6:
+Gnus 5.10 requires an Emacs version that is greater than or equal
+to Emacs 20.7 or XEmacs 21.1.
+The development versions of Gnus (aka No Gnus) requires Emacs 21
+or XEmacs 21.4.
+
+@node FAQ 1-7
+@subsubheading Question 1.7
How do I run Gnus on both Emacs and XEmacs?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
- files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
- depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
- of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 1 - Installation, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@section Startup / Group buffer
+You can't use the same copy of Gnus in both as the Lisp
+files are byte-compiled to a format which is different
+depending on which Emacs did the compilation. Get one copy
+of Gnus for Emacs and one for XEmacs.
+
+@node FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
+@subsection Startup / Group buffer
@menu
-* [2.1]:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and how to prevent it?
-* [2.2]:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to, what's this?
-* [2.3]:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-* [2.4]:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through them?
-* [2.5]:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to sort the groups in a topic?
+* FAQ 2-1:: Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+ file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean and
+ how to prevent it?
+* FAQ 2-2:: Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+ what's this?
+* FAQ 2-3:: How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
+* FAQ 2-4:: My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+ sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse through
+ them?
+* FAQ 2-5:: How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+ sort the groups in a topic?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.1], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 2.1:
+@node FAQ 2-1
+@subsubheading Question 2.1
- Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
- file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
- and how to prevent it?
-
+Every time I start Gnus I get a message "Gnus auto-save
+file exists. Do you want to read it?", what does this mean
+and how to prevent it?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
- wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
- informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
- are now asked if you want to restore those informations
- from the auto-save file.
-
+This message means that the last time you used Gnus, it
+wasn't properly exited and therefor couldn't write its
+informations to disk (e.g. which messages you read), you
+are now asked if you want to restore those informations
+from the auto-save file.
- To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
- via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
- just killing Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.2], [2.3], [2.1], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subsection [2.2]
-Question: 2.2
-
- Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
- what's this?
-
+To prevent this message make sure you exit Gnus
+via @samp{q} in group buffer instead of
+just killing Emacs.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 2-2
+@subsubheading Question 2.2
- You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
- starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
- problem, so read the answer above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.3], [2.4], [2.2], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 2.3:
+Gnus doesn't remember which groups I'm subscribed to,
+what's this?
- How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+You get the message described in the q/a pair above while
+starting Gnus, right? It's an other symptom for the same
+problem, so read the answer above.
- You've got to tweak the value of the variable
- gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
- Specification" for information on how to do this. An
- example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
-
+@node FAQ 2-3
+@subsubheading Question 2.3
-@example
+How to change the format of the lines in Group buffer?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+You've got to tweak the value of the variable
+gnus-group-line-format. See the manual node "Group Line
+Specification" for information on how to do this. An
+example for this (guess from whose .gnus :-)):
+
+@example
(setq gnus-group-line-format "%P%M%S[%5t]%5y : %(%g%)\n")
-
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.4], [2.5], [2.3], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 2.4:
-
- My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
- sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
- through them?
-
+@noindent
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 2-4
+@subsubheading Question 2.4
- Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
- groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
- Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
- the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
- the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
-
+My group buffer becomes a bit crowded, is there a way to
+sort my groups into categories so I can easier browse
+through them?
- To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
- you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
- at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
- a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
- menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
- beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
- the groups nicely indented.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [2.5], , [2.4], FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 2.5:
+@subsubheading Answer
- How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
- sort the groups in a topic?
-
+Gnus offers the topic mode, it allows you to sort your
+groups in, well, topics, e.g. all groups dealing with
+Linux under the topic linux, all dealing with music under
+the topic music and all dealing with scottish music under
+the topic scottish which is a subtopic of music.
-Answer:
+To enter topic mode, just hit t while in Group buffer. Now
+you can use @samp{T n} to create a topic
+at point and @samp{T m} to move a group to
+a specific topic. For more commands see the manual or the
+menu. You might want to include the %P specifier at the
+beginning of your gnus-group-line-format variable to have
+the groups nicely indented.
- Move point over the group you want to move and
- hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
- place where you want the group to be and
- hit @samp{C-y}.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 2 - Startup / Group buffer, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@section Getting messages
+@node FAQ 2-5
+@subsubheading Question 2.5
+
+How to manually sort the groups in Group buffer? How to
+sort the groups in a topic?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Move point over the group you want to move and
+hit @samp{C-k}, now move point to the
+place where you want the group to be and
+hit @samp{C-y}.
+
+@node FAQ 3 - Getting Messages
+@subsection Getting Messages
@menu
-* [3.1]:: I just installed Gnus, started it via M-x gnus but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-* [3.2]:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-* [3.3]:: My news server requires authentication, how to store user name and password on disk?
-* [3.4]:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to subscribe to a group.
-* [3.5]:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-* [3.6]:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-* [3.7]:: And how about local spool files?
-* [3.8]:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-* [3.9]:: And what about IMAP?
-* [3.10]:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
-* [3.11]:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it retrieves via POP3?
+* FAQ 3-1:: I just installed Gnus, started it via @samp{M-x gnus}
+ but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
+* FAQ 3-2:: I'm working under Windows and have no idea what
+ ~/.gnus.el means.
+* FAQ 3-3:: My news server requires authentication, how to store
+ user name and password on disk?
+* FAQ 3-4:: Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+ subscribe to a group.
+* FAQ 3-5:: Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed
+ to post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
+* FAQ 3-6:: I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this
+ possible?
+* FAQ 3-7:: And how about local spool files?
+* FAQ 3-8:: OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to
+ read my mail with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+* FAQ 3-9:: And what about IMAP?
+* FAQ 3-10:: At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers,
+ can I use Gnus to read my mail from it?
+* FAQ 3-11:: Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+ retrieves via POP3?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.1], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.1:
+@node FAQ 3-1
+@subsubheading Question 3.1
- I just installed Gnus, started it via
- @samp{M-x gnus}
- but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-
+I just installed Gnus, started it via
+@samp{M-x gnus}
+but it only says "nntp (news) open error", what to do?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
- the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
- first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus:
-
+You've got to tell Gnus where to fetch the news from. Read
+the documentation for information on how to do this. As a
+first start, put those lines in ~/.gnus.el:
@example
-
(setq gnus-select-method '(nntp "news.yourprovider.net"))
(setq user-mail-address "you@@yourprovider.net")
(setq user-full-name "Your Name")
-
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.2], [3.3], [3.1], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.2:
-
- I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus means.
-
+@noindent
-Answer:
-
- The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look for the
-configuration files. However, you don't really need to know what this
-means, it suffices that Emacs knows what it means :-) You can type
-@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET } (yes, with the forward slash, even on
-Windows), and Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
-likely be new, and thus empty.) However, I'd discourage you from
-doing so, since the directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be
-what you want, so let's do it the correct way. The first thing you've
-got to do is to create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory
-name please) e.g. @file{c:\myhome}. Then you must set the environment
-variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x or Me include
-the line
-
+@node FAQ 3-2
+@subsubheading Question 3.2
+
+I'm working under Windows and have no idea what ~/.gnus.el means.
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The ~/ means the home directory where Gnus and Emacs look
+for the configuration files. However, you don't really
+need to know what this means, it suffices that Emacs knows
+what it means :-) You can type
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET }
+(yes, with the forward slash, even on Windows), and
+Emacs will open the right file for you. (It will most
+likely be new, and thus empty.)
+However, I'd discourage you from doing so, since the
+directory Emacs chooses will most certainly not be what
+you want, so let's do it the correct way.
+The first thing you've got to do is to
+create a suitable directory (no blanks in directory name
+please) e.g. c:\myhome. Then you must set the environment
+variable HOME to this directory. To do this under Win9x
+or Me include the line
@example
-
SET HOME=C:\myhome
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP,
- hit Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it
- doesn't work, go to Control Panel -> System). There you'll
- find the possibility to set environment variables, create
- a new one with name HOME and value @file{c:\myhome}, a reboot is
- not necessary.
-
- Now to create ~/.gnus, say
- @samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus RET C-x C-s}.
- in Emacs.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.3], [3.4], [3.2], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.3:
+in your autoexec.bat and reboot. Under NT, 2000 and XP, hit
+Winkey+Pause/Break to enter system options (if it doesn't work, go
+to Control Panel -> System -> Advanced). There you'll find the
+possibility to set environment variables. Create a new one with
+name HOME and value C:\myhome. Rebooting is not necessary.
- My news server requires authentication, how to store
- user name and password on disk?
-
+Now to create ~/.gnus.el, say
+@samp{C-x C-f ~/.gnus.el RET C-x C-s}.
+in Emacs.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 3-3
+@subsubheading Question 3.3
- Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
-
+My news server requires authentication, how to store
+user name and password on disk?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Create a file ~/.authinfo which includes for each server a line like this
@example
machine news.yourprovider.net login YourUserName password YourPassword
@end example
-
@noindent
.
- Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
- work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
- say
-
+Make sure that the file isn't readable to others if you
+work on a OS which is capable of doing so. (Under Unix
+say
@example
chmod 600 ~/.authinfo
@end example
-
@noindent
- in a shell.)
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.4], [3.5], [3.3], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.4:
- Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
- subscribe to a group.
-
+in a shell.)
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 3-4
+@subsubheading Question 3.4
- If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
- name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
- tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
- this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
- cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
- hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
- you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
- to subscribe to it.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.5], [3.6], [3.4], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.5:
+Gnus seems to start up OK, but I can't find out how to
+subscribe to a group.
- Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
- post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+If you know the name of the group say @samp{U
+name.of.group RET} in group buffer (use the
+tab-completion Luke). Otherwise hit ^ in group buffer,
+this brings you to the server buffer. Now place point (the
+cursor) over the server which carries the group you want,
+hit @samp{RET}, move point to the group
+you want to subscribe to and say @samp{u}
+to subscribe to it.
- Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
- access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
- to those servers append
-
+@node FAQ 3-5
+@subsubheading Question 3.5
+
+Gnus doesn't show all groups / Gnus says I'm not allowed to
+post on this server as well as I am, what's that?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Some providers allow restricted anonymous access and full
+access only after authorization. To make Gnus send authinfo
+to those servers append
@example
force yes
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.6], [3.7], [3.5], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.6:
+to the line for those servers in ~/.authinfo.
- I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
-
+@node FAQ 3-6
+@subsubheading Question 3.6
-Answer:
+I want Gnus to fetch news from several servers, is this possible?
- Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
- variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
- this in ~/.gnus:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-@example
+Of course. You can specify more sources for articles in the
+variable gnus-secondary-select-methods. Add something like
+this in ~/.gnus.el:
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net"))
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
-
+@example
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nntp "news.yourSecondProvider.net"))
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nntp "news.yourThirdProvider.net"))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.7], [3.8], [3.6], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.7:
+@noindent
- And how about local spool files?
-
+@node FAQ 3-7
+@subsubheading Question 3.7
-Answer:
+And how about local spool files?
- No problem, this is just one more select method called
- nnspool, so you want this:
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-@example
+No problem, this is just one more select method called
+nnspool, so you want this:
+@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnspool ""))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
-
-@example
+Or this if you don't want an NNTP Server as primary news source:
+@example
(setq gnus-select-method '(nnspool ""))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
- want something different, change the line above to something like this:
-
-@example
+Gnus will look for the spool file in /usr/spool/news, if you
+want something different, change the line above to something like this:
+@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nnspool "" (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
-
+ '(nnspool ""
+ (nnspool-directory "/usr/local/myspoolddir")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- This sets the spool directory for this server only.
- You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
- to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.8], [3.9], [3.7], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.8:
-
- OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
- with Gnus, too. How to do it?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
- for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
- different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
- these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
- send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
- fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
- where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
- Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
- need a combination of the above cases.
-
- However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
- it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
- to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
- commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
- and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
- file per group approach if your file system has problems with
- many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
- choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus:
-
+This sets the spool directory for this server only.
+You might have to specify more stuff like the program used
+to post articles, see the Gnus manual on how to do this.
+
+@node FAQ 3-8
+@subsubheading Question 3.8
+
+OK, reading news works now, but I want to be able to read my mail
+with Gnus, too. How to do it?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+That's a bit harder since there are many possible sources
+for mail, many possible ways for storing mail and many
+different ways for sending mail. The most common cases are
+these: 1: You want to read your mail from a pop3 server and
+send them directly to a SMTP Server 2: Some program like
+fetchmail retrieves your mail and stores it on disk from
+where Gnus shall read it. Outgoing mail is sent by
+Sendmail, Postfix or some other MTA. Sometimes, you even
+need a combination of the above cases.
+
+However, the first thing to do is to tell Gnus in which way
+it should store the mail, in Gnus terminology which back end
+to use. Gnus supports many different back ends, the most
+commonly used one is nnml. It stores every mail in one file
+and is therefor quite fast. However you might prefer a one
+file per group approach if your file system has problems with
+many small files, the nnfolder back end is then probably the
+choice for you. To use nnml add the following to ~/.gnus.el:
@example
-
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnml ""))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
-
-@example
+As you might have guessed, if you want nnfolder, it's
+@example
(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods '(nnfolder ""))
-
@end example
-
+@noindent
- Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
- it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
-
+Now we need to tell Gnus, where to get it's mail from. If
+it's a POP3 server, then you need something like this:
@example
-
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(pop :server "pop.YourProvider.net"
:user "yourUserName"
- :password "yourPassword"))
-
+ :password "yourPassword")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Make sure ~/.gnus isn't readable to others if you store
- your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
- traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
-
-@example
+Make sure ~/.gnus.el isn't readable to others if you store
+your password there. If you want to read your mail from a
+traditional spool file on your local machine, it's
+@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(file :path "/path/to/spool/file"))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
- postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
-
-@example
+If it's a Maildir, with one file per message as used by
+postfix, Qmail and (optionally) fetchmail it's
+@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
'(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(maildir :path "/path/to/Maildir/"
:subdirs ("cur" "new")))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
- in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
- mail, it's
-
-@example
+And finally if you want to read your mail from several files
+in one directory, for example because procmail already split your
+mail, it's
+@example
(eval-after-load "mail-source"
- '(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
- :suffix ".prcml"))
-
+ '(add-to-list 'mail-sources
+ '(directory :path "/path/to/procmail-dir/"
+ :suffix ".prcml")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
- suffix .prcml.
-
- OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
- want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
- the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
- anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
- SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus
-
+Where :suffix ".prcml" tells Gnus only to use files with the
+suffix .prcml.
-@example
+OK, now you only need to tell Gnus how to send mail. If you
+want to send mail via sendmail (or whichever MTA is playing
+the role of sendmail on your system), you don't need to do
+anything. However, if you want to send your mail to an
+SMTP Server you need the following in your ~/.gnus.el
+@example
(setq send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
(setq message-send-mail-function 'smtpmail-send-it)
(setq smtpmail-default-smtp-server "smtp.yourProvider.net")
-
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.9], [3.10], [3.8], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.9:
+@noindent
- And what about IMAP?
-
+@node FAQ 3-9
+@subsubheading Question 3.9
-Answer:
+And what about IMAP?
- There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
- to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
- the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
- this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
- ~/.gnus
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-@example
+There are two ways of using IMAP with Gnus. The first one is
+to use IMAP like POP3, that means Gnus fetches the mail from
+the IMAP server and stores it on disk. If you want to do
+this (you don't really want to do this) add the following to
+~/.gnus.el
+@example
(add-to-list 'mail-sources '(imap :server "mail.mycorp.com"
:user "username"
:pass "password"
:authentication login
:mailbox "INBOX"
:fetchflag "\\Seen"))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
- authentification, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
- Specifiers" for possible values.
-
- If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
- follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
- back end to your select method and give the information
- about the server there.
-
+You might have to tweak the values for stream and/or
+authentication, see the Gnus manual node "Mail Source
+Specifiers" for possible values.
-@example
+If you want to use IMAP the way it's intended, you've got to
+follow a different approach. You've got to add the nnimap
+back end to your select method and give the information
+about the server there.
-(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
- '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
- (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
- (nnimap-port 143)
- (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
-
+@example
+(add-to-list 'gnus-secondary-select-methods
+ '(nnimap "Give the baby a name"
+ (nnimap-address "imap.yourProvider.net")
+ (nnimap-port 143)
+ (nnimap-list-pattern "archive.*")))
@end example
-
@noindent
- Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
- server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
- Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.10], [3.11], [3.9], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.10:
- At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
- Gnus to read my mail from it?
-
+Again, you might have to specify how to authenticate to the
+server if Gnus can't guess the correct way, see the Manual
+Node "IMAP" for detailed information.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 3-10
+@subsubheading Question 3.10
- Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
- activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
- above.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [3.11], , [3.10], FAQ 3 - Getting messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 3.11:
+At the office we use one of those MS Exchange servers, can I use
+Gnus to read my mail from it?
- Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
- retrieves via POP3?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+Offer your administrator a pair of new running shoes for
+activating IMAP on the server and follow the instructions
+above.
- First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
- if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
- Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
- server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
- need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
- functionality to do so.
-
+@node FAQ 3-11
+@subsubheading Question 3.11
- However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
- achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
- program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
- on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
- could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
- Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
-
+Can I tell Gnus not to delete the mails on the server it
+retrieves via POP3?
- The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
- uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
- of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
- the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
- look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
- Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
- GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
- (If you know the home of this file, please send me an
- e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
- (e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
- "Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
- it.
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+First of all, that's not the way POP3 is intended to work,
+if you have the possibility, you should use the IMAP
+Protocol if you want your messages to stay on the
+server. Nevertheless there might be situations where you
+need the feature, but sadly Gnus itself has no predefined
+functionality to do so.
-@ifnottex
-@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 5 - Composing messages, FAQ 3 - Getting messages, Frequently Asked Questions
-@end ifnottex
-@section Reading messages
+However this is Gnus county so there are possibilities to
+achieve what you want. The easiest way is to get an external
+program which retrieves copies of the mail and stores them
+on disk, so Gnus can read it from there. On Unix systems you
+could use e.g. fetchmail for this, on MS Windows you can use
+Hamster, an excellent local news and mail server.
+
+The other solution would be, to replace the method Gnus
+uses to get mail from POP3 servers by one which is capable
+of leaving the mail on the server. If you use XEmacs, get
+the package mail-lib, it includes an enhanced pop3.el,
+look in the file, there's documentation on how to tell
+Gnus to use it and not to delete the retrieved mail. For
+GNU Emacs look for the file epop3.el which can do the same
+(If you know the home of this file, please send me an
+e-mail). You can also tell Gnus to use an external program
+(e.g. fetchmail) to fetch your mail, see the info node
+"Mail Source Specifiers" in the Gnus manual on how to do
+it.
+
+@node FAQ 4 - Reading messages
+@subsection Reading messages
@menu
-* [4.1]:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-* [4.2]:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I enter a group, even when it's read?
-* [4.3]:: How to view the headers of a message?
-* [4.4]:: How to view the raw unformatted message?
-* [4.5]:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at the top of the article buffer?
-* [4.6]:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the text part if it's available. How to do it?
-* [4.7]:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-* [4.8]:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails more readable?
-* [4.9]:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I highlight more interesting ones in some way?
-* [4.10]:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or set other variables specific for some groups?
-* [4.11]:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to those?
-* [4.12]:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail groups. Is this a bug?
-* [4.13]:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
-* [4.14]:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to tweak it?
-* [4.15]:: How to split incoming mails in several groups?
+* FAQ 4-1:: When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to
+ view them again?
+* FAQ 4-2:: How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time
+ I enter a group, even when it's read?
+* FAQ 4-3:: How to view the headers of a message?
+* FAQ 4-4:: How to view the raw unformatted message?
+* FAQ 4-5:: How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+ the top of the article buffer?
+* FAQ 4-6:: I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+ text part if it's available. How to do it?
+* FAQ 4-7:: Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my
+ HTML-mails?
+* FAQ 4-8:: Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted
+ mails more readable?
+* FAQ 4-9:: Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+ authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
+ highlight more interesting ones in some way?
+* FAQ 4-10:: How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups,
+ or set other variables specific for some groups?
+* FAQ 4-11:: Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+ those?
+* FAQ 4-12:: The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+ displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in mail
+ groups. Is this a bug?
+* FAQ 4-13:: I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer,
+ how to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+* FAQ 4-14:: I don't like the way the Summary buffer looks, how to
+ tweak it?
+* FAQ 4-15:: How to split incoming mails in several groups?
@end menu
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.1], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages, FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.1:
+@node FAQ 4-1
+@subsubheading Question 4.1
- When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-
+When I enter a group, all read messages are gone. How to view them again?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- If you enter the group by saying
- @samp{RET}
- in summary buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
- @samp{C-u RET}
- instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
- @samp{C-u 300 RET}
-
+If you enter the group by saying
+@samp{RET}
+in group buffer with point over the group, only unread and ticked messages are loaded. Say
+@samp{C-u RET}
+instead to load all available messages. If you want only the e.g. 300 newest say
+@samp{C-u 300 RET}
- Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
-
+Loading only unread messages can be annoying if you have threaded view enabled, say
@example
-
(setq gnus-fetch-old-headers 'some)
-
@end example
-
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load
- all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
- fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
+in ~/.gnus.el to load enough old articles to prevent teared threads, replace 'some with t to load
+all articles (Warning: Both settings enlarge the amount of data which is
+fetched when you enter a group and slow down the process of entering a group).
- If you already use Gnus 5.10.0, you can say
- @samp{/o N}
- In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
-
+If you already use Gnus 5.10, you can say
+@samp{/o N}
+In summary buffer to load the last N messages, this feature is not available in 5.8.8
- If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
- you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
- the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.2], [4.3], [4.1], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.2:
+If you don't want all old messages, but the parent of the message you're just reading,
+you can say @samp{^}, if you want to retrieve the whole thread
+the message you're just reading belongs to, @samp{A T} is your friend.
- How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
- enter a group, even when it's read?
-
+@node FAQ 4-2
+@subsubheading Question 4.2
-Answer:
+How to tell Gnus to show an important message every time I
+enter a group, even when it's read?
- You can tick important messages. To do this hit
- @samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
- over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
- either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
- mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
- (which deletes all marks for the message).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.3], [4.4], [4.2], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.3:
+@subsubheading Answer
- How to view the headers of a message?
-
+You can tick important messages. To do this hit
+@samp{u} while point is in summary buffer
+over the message. When you want to remove the mark, hit
+either @samp{d} (this deletes the tick
+mark and set's unread mark) or @samp{M c}
+(which deletes all marks for the message).
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 4-3
+@subsubheading Question 4.3
- Say @samp{t}
- to show all headers, one more
- @samp{t}
- hides them again.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.4], [4.5], [4.3], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.4:
+How to view the headers of a message?
- How to view the raw unformatted message?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+Say @samp{t}
+to show all headers, one more
+@samp{t}
+hides them again.
- Say
- @samp{C-u g}
- to show the raw message
- @samp{g}
- returns to normal view.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.5], [4.6], [4.4], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.5:
+@node FAQ 4-4
+@subsubheading Question 4.4
- How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
- the top of the article buffer?
-
+How to view the raw unformatted message?
-Answer:
+@subsubheading Answer
- The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
- are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
- which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
- date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
- say this in ~/.gnus:
-
+Say
+@samp{C-u g}
+to show the raw message
+@samp{g}
+returns to normal view.
-@example
+@node FAQ 4-5
+@subsubheading Question 4.5
+
+How can I change the headers Gnus displays by default at
+the top of the article buffer?
-(setq gnus-visible-headers
-"^\\(From:\\|Subject:\\|Date:\\|Followup-To:\\|X-Newsreader:\\|User-Agent:\\|X-Mailer:\\)")
-
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+The variable gnus-visible-headers controls which headers
+are shown, its value is a regular expression, header lines
+which match it are shown. So if you want author, subject,
+date, and if the header exists, Followup-To and MUA / NUA
+say this in ~/.gnus.el:
+
+@example
+(setq gnus-visible-headers
+ '("^From" "^Subject" "^Date" "^Newsgroups" "^Followup-To"
+ "^User-Agent" "^X-Newsreader" "^X-Mailer"))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.6], [4.7], [4.5], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.6:
+@noindent
- I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
- text part if it's available. How to do it?
-
+@node FAQ 4-6
+@subsubheading Question 4.6
-Answer:
+I'd like Gnus NOT to render HTML-mails but show me the
+text part if it's available. How to do it?
- Say
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-@example
+Say
+@example
(eval-after-load "mm-decode"
'(progn
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/html")
(add-to-list 'mm-discouraged-alternatives "text/richtext")))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add
-
-@example
+in ~/.gnus.el. If you don't want HTML rendered, even if there's no text alternative add
+@example
(setq mm-automatic-display (remove "text/html" mm-automatic-display))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- too.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.7], [4.8], [4.6], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.7:
- Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-
+too.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 4-7
+@subsubheading Question 4.7
- Only if you use Gnus 5.10.0 or younger. In this case you've got the
- choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
- one is used can be specified in the variable
- mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
- mail say
-
+Can I use some other browser than w3 to render my HTML-mails?
-@example
+@subsubheading Answer
+Only if you use Gnus 5.10 or younger. In this case you've got the
+choice between w3, w3m, links, lynx and html2text, which
+one is used can be specified in the variable
+mm-text-html-renderer, so if you want links to render your
+mail say
+
+@example
(setq mm-text-html-renderer 'links)
-
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.8], [4.9], [4.7], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.8:
-
- Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
- more readable?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail,
- you can find them if you browse through the menu, item Article->Washing. The most
- interesting ones are probably "Wrap long lines" (
- @samp{W w}
- ), "Decode ROT13" (
- @samp{W r}
- ) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs the dumb quoting used
- by many users of Microsoft products (
- @samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
- See @samp{W Y C-h} or
- have a look at the menus for other deuglifications).
- Outlook deuglify is only available since Gnus 5.10.0.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.9], [4.10], [4.8], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.9:
-
- Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
- authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
- highlight more interesting ones in some way?
-
-
-Answer:
-
- You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
- which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
- the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
- it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
- value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
-
-
- There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
- the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
- up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
- reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
- to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
- @samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
- Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
- be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
- we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
- header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
- Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
- @samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
- everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
- name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
- Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
- @samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
- forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
- @samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
-
+@noindent
- You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
- f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
- of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
- only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
- Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
- whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
- is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
- which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
- matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
- following to your all.Score:
-
+@node FAQ 4-8
+@subsubheading Question 4.8
+
+Is there anything I can do to make poorly formatted mails
+more readable?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+Gnus offers you several functions to "wash" incoming mail, you can
+find them if you browse through the menu, item
+Article->Washing. The most interesting ones are probably "Wrap
+long lines" (@samp{W w}), "Decode ROT13"
+(@samp{W r}) and "Outlook Deuglify" which repairs
+the dumb quoting used by many users of Microsoft products
+(@samp{W Y f} gives you full deuglify.
+See @samp{W Y C-h} or have a look at the menus for
+other deuglifications). Outlook deuglify is only available since
+Gnus 5.10.
+
+@node FAQ 4-9
+@subsubheading Question 4.9
+
+Is there a way to automatically ignore posts by specific
+authors or with specific words in the subject? And can I
+highlight more interesting ones in some way?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+
+You want Scoring. Scoring means, that you define rules
+which assign each message an integer value. Depending on
+the value the message is highlighted in summary buffer (if
+it's high, say +2000) or automatically marked read (if the
+value is low, say -800) or some other action happens.
+
+There are basically three ways of setting up rules which assign
+the scoring-value to messages. The first and easiest way is to set
+up rules based on the article you are just reading. Say you're
+reading a message by a guy who always writes nonsense and you want
+to ignore his messages in the future. Hit
+@samp{L}, to set up a rule which lowers the score.
+Now Gnus asks you which the criteria for lowering the Score shall
+be. Hit @samp{?} twice to see all possibilities,
+we want @samp{a} which means the author (the from
+header). Now Gnus wants to know which kind of matching we want.
+Hit either @samp{e} for an exact match or
+@samp{s} for substring-match and delete afterwards
+everything but the name to score down all authors with the given
+name no matter which email address is used. Now you need to tell
+Gnus when to apply the rule and how long it should last, hit e.g.
+@samp{p} to apply the rule now and let it last
+forever. If you want to raise the score instead of lowering it say
+@samp{I} instead of @samp{L}.
+
+You can also set up rules by hand. To do this say @samp{V
+f} in summary buffer. Then you are asked for the name
+of the score file, it's name.of.group.SCORE for rules valid in
+only one group or all.Score for rules valid in all groups. See the
+Gnus manual for the exact syntax, basically it's one big list
+whose elements are lists again. the first element of those lists
+is the header to score on, then one more list with what to match,
+which score to assign, when to expire the rule and how to do the
+matching. If you find me very interesting, you could e.g. add the
+following to your all.Score:
@example
-
(("references" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 500 nil s))
("message-id" ("hschmi22.userfqdn.rz-online.de" 999 nil s)))
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
- and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
- indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
- nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
-
- The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
- watches you and tries to find out what you find
- interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
- which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
- when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
- adaptive scoring say
-
+This would add 999 to the score of messages written by me
+and 500 to the score of messages which are a (possibly
+indirect) answer to a message written by me. Of course
+nobody with a sane mind would do this :-)
-@example
+The third alternative is adaptive scoring. This means Gnus
+watches you and tries to find out what you find
+interesting and what annoying and sets up rules
+which reflect this. Adaptive scoring can be a huge help
+when reading high traffic groups. If you want to activate
+adaptive scoring say
+@example
(setq gnus-use-adaptive-scoring t)
-
@end example
-
@noindent
- in ~/.gnus.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.10], [4.11], [4.9], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.10:
- How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
- set other variables specific for some groups?
-
+in ~/.gnus.el.
-Answer:
+@node FAQ 4-10
+@subsubheading Question 4.10
- While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
- @samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
- can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
- you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
- locally for the group. To disable threading enter
- gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
- value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
- you're ready.
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.11], [4.12], [4.10], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.11:
+How can I disable threading in some (e.g. mail-) groups, or
+set other variables specific for some groups?
- Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
- those?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+While in group buffer move point over the group and hit
+@samp{G c}, this opens a buffer where you
+can set options for the group. At the bottom of the buffer
+you'll find an item that allows you to set variables
+locally for the group. To disable threading enter
+gnus-show-threads as name of variable and nil as
+value. Hit button done at the top of the buffer when
+you're ready.
- Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
- in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
- make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
- like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
- special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
- faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
- @uref{http://my.gnus.org/Members/dzimmerm/HowTo%2C2002-07-25%2C1027619165012198456/view,my.gnus.org}
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.12], [4.13], [4.11], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.12:
-
- The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
- displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
- mail groups. Is this a bug?
-
+@node FAQ 4-11
+@subsubheading Question 4.11
-Answer:
-
- No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
- mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
- back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
- lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
- works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
- many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
- symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
- (this makes Gnus get all messages), then
- hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
- then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
- all messages to the group they have been in before, they
- get new message numbers in this process and the count is
- right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
- groups again).
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.13], [4.14], [4.12], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
-@subheading Question 4.13:
+Can I highlight messages written by me and follow-ups to
+those?
- I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
- to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
-
+@subsubheading Answer
-Answer:
+Stop those "Can I ..." questions, the answer is always yes
+in Gnus Country :-). It's a three step process: First we
+make faces (specifications of how summary-line shall look
+like) for those postings, then we'll give them some
+special score and finally we'll tell Gnus to use the new
+faces. You can find detailed instructions on how to do it on
+@uref{http://my.gnus.org/node/view/224, my.gnus.org}
- You can control the windows configuration by calling the
- function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
- complicated but explained very well in the manual node
- "Window Layout". Some popular examples:
-
+@node FAQ 4-12
+@subsubheading Question 4.12
- Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
- article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
- space"):
-
+The number of total messages in a group which Gnus
+displays in group buffer is by far to high, especially in
+mail groups. Is this a bug?
-@example
+@subsubheading Answer
-(gnus-add-configuration '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0))))
-
-@end example
-
+No, that's a matter of design of Gnus, fixing this would
+mean reimplementation of major parts of Gnus'
+back ends. Gnus thinks "highest-article-number -
+lowest-article-number = total-number-of-articles". This
+works OK for Usenet groups, but if you delete and move
+many messages in mail groups, this fails. To cure the
+symptom, enter the group via @samp{C-u RET}
+(this makes Gnus get all messages), then
+hit @samp{M P b} to mark all messages and
+then say @samp{B m name.of.group} to move
+all messages to the group they have been in before, they
+get new message numbers in this process and the count is
+right again (until you delete and move your mail to other
+groups again).
- A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
- buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
-
+@node FAQ 4-13
+@subsubheading Question 4.13
-@example
+I don't like the layout of summary and article buffer, how
+to change it? Perhaps even a three pane display?
+
+@subsubheading Answer
+You can control the windows configuration by calling the
+function gnus-add-configuration. The syntax is a bit
+complicated but explained very well in the manual node
+"Window Layout". Some popular examples:
+
+Instead 25% summary 75% article buffer 35% summary and 65%
+article (the 1.0 for article means "take the remaining
+space"):
+
+@example
(gnus-add-configuration
- '(article
+ '(article (vertical 1.0 (summary .35 point) (article 1.0))))
+@end example
+@noindent
+
+A three pane layout, Group buffer on the left, summary
+buffer top-right, article buffer bottom-right:
+
+@example
+(gnus-add-configuration
+ '(article
(horizontal 1.0
(vertical 25
(group 1.0))
(vertical 25
(group 1.0))
(vertical 1.0
- (summary 1.0 point)))))
-
+ (summary 1.0 point)))))
@end example
-
-@ifnottex
-@node [4.14], [4.15], [4.13], FAQ 4 - Reading messages
-@end ifnottex
projects / gnus / blobdiff